Mixed Member Electoral Systems In Constitutional Context
Mixed Member Electoral Systems In Constitutional Context Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Mixed Member Electoral Systems In Constitutional Context book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
Nathan F. Batto,Chi Huang,Alexander C. Tan,Gary W. Cox
Author : Nathan F. Batto,Chi Huang,Alexander C. Tan,Gary W. Cox Publisher : University of Michigan Press Page : 337 pages File Size : 42,9 Mb Release : 2016-04-11 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780472119738
Mixed-Member Electoral Systems in Constitutional Context by Anonim Pdf
After the electoral reform in 1994, Japan saw a gradual evolution from a multi-party system toward a two-party system over the course of five House of Representatives election cycles. In contrast, after Taiwan's constitutional amendment in 2005, a two-party system emerged in the first post-reform legislative election in 2008. Critically, however, Taiwan's president is directly elected while Japan's prime minister is indirectly elected. The contributors conclude that the higher the payoffs of holding the executive office and the greater degree of cross-district coordination required to win it, the stronger the incentives for elites to form and stay in the major parties. In such a context, a country will move rapidly toward a two-party system. In Part II, the contributors apply this theoretical logic to other countries with mixed-member systems to demonstrate its generality. They find the effect of executive competition on legislative electoral rules in countries as disparate as Thailand, the Philippines, New Zealand, Bolivia, and Russia. The findings presented in this book have important implications for political reform. Often, reformers are motivated by high hopes of solving some political problems and enhancing the quality of democracy. But, as this group of scholars demonstrates, electoral reform alone is not a panacea. Whether and to what extent it achieves the advocated goals depends not only on the specification of new electoral rules per se but also on the political context-and especially the constitutional framework-within which such rules are embedded.
Mixed-member Electoral Systems by Matthew Soberg Shugart,Martin P. Wattenberg Pdf
In the view of many electoral reformers, mixed-member systems offer the best of the traditional British single-seat system and PR systems. This book evaluates why the systems have appealed to many countries, and how well expectations have been met.
Author : Andrew Reynolds,Ben Reilly,Andrew Ellis Publisher : Stockholm : International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance Page : 258 pages File Size : 48,7 Mb Release : 2005 Category : Political Science ISBN : STANFORD:36105114582120
Electoral Systems and Political Context by Robert G. Moser,Ethan Scheiner Pdf
Electoral Systems and Political Context illustrates how political and social context conditions the effects of electoral rules. The book examines electoral behavior and outcomes in countries that use 'mixed-member' electoral systems – where voters cast one ballot for a party list under proportional representation (PR) and one for a candidate in a single member district (SMD). Based on comparisons of outcomes under the two different rules used in mixed-member systems, the book highlights how electoral systems' effects – especially strategic voting, the number of parties and women's representation – tend to be different in new democracies from what one usually sees in established democracies. Moreover, electoral systems such as SMDs are usually presumed to constrain the number of parties irrespective of the level of social diversity, but this book demonstrates that social diversity frequently shapes party fragmentation even under such restrictive rules.
Erik S. Herron,Robert J. Pekkanen,Matthew S. Shugart
Author : Erik S. Herron,Robert J. Pekkanen,Matthew S. Shugart Publisher : Oxford University Press Page : 752 pages File Size : 55,7 Mb Release : 2018-03-15 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780190258672
The Oxford Handbook of Electoral Systems by Erik S. Herron,Robert J. Pekkanen,Matthew S. Shugart Pdf
No subject is more central to the study of politics than elections. All across the globe, elections are a focal point for citizens, the media, and politicians long before--and sometimes long after--they occur. Electoral systems, the rules about how voters' preferences are translated into election results, profoundly shape the results not only of individual elections but also of many other important political outcomes, including party systems, candidate selection, and policy choices. Electoral systems have been a hot topic in established democracies from the UK and Italy to New Zealand and Japan. Even in the United States, events like the 2016 presidential election and court decisions such as Citizens United have sparked advocates to promote change in the Electoral College, redistricting, and campaign-finance rules. Elections and electoral systems have also intensified as a field of academic study, with groundbreaking work over the past decade sharpening our understanding of how electoral systems fundamentally shape the connections among citizens, government, and policy. This volume provides an in-depth exploration of the origins and effects of electoral systems.
The Handbook of Electoral System Choice by J. Colomer Pdf
The topic of electoral reform is an extremely timely one. The accelerated expansion of the number of new democracies in the world generates increasing demand for advice on the choice of electoral rules; at the same time, a new reformism in well established democracies seeks new formulae favouring both more representative institutions and more accountable rulers. The Handbook of Electoral System Choice addresses the theoretical and comparative issues of electoral reform in relation to democratization, political strategies in established democracies and the relative performance of different electoral systems. Case studies on virtually every major democracy or democratizing country in the world are included.
Ben Reilly,Andrew Reynolds,Committee on International Conflict Resolution,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,National Research Council
Author : Ben Reilly,Andrew Reynolds,Committee on International Conflict Resolution,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,National Research Council Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 73 pages File Size : 43,6 Mb Release : 1999-05-04 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9780309519106
Electoral Systems and Conflict in Divided Societies by Ben Reilly,Andrew Reynolds,Committee on International Conflict Resolution,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,National Research Council Pdf
This paper is one of a series being prepared for the National Research Council's Committee on International Conflict Resolution. The committee was organized in late 1995 to respond to a growing need for prevention, management, and resolution of violent conflict in the international arena, a concern about the changing nature and context of such conflict in the post-Cold War era, and a recent expansion of knowledge in the field. The committee's main goal is to advance the practice of conflict resolution by using the methods and critical attitude of science to examine the effectiveness of various techniques and concepts that have been advanced for preventing, managing, and resolving international conflicts. The committee's research agenda has been designed to supplement the work of other groups, particularly the Carnegie Corporation of New York's Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, which issued its final report in December 1997. The committee has identified a number of specific techniques and concepts of current interest to policy practitioners and has asked leading specialists on each one to carefully review and analyze available knowledge and to summarize what is known about the conditions under which each is or is not effective. These papers present the results of their work.
A Short History of Electoral Systems in Western Europe by Andrew McLaren Carstairs Pdf
This book provides a concise and accessible account of the historical experience of European parliaments – why different electoral systems were adopted, how they have functioned, how they have affected the development of political parties, and in what respects they have been found over time to be either suitable or unsatisfactory. The book begins with a summary of the main electoral systems, analysing and re-assessing each in the light of historical experience. The core of the book, however, is a country-by-country account of the systems which have operated in each of the main West European countries, in the context of their own constitutional, political and social developments.
Mixed Electoral Systems by F. Ferrara,E. Herron,M. Nishikawa Pdf
Using election returns, public opinion surveys, and legislative roll-call data from many mixed systems in every world region, the authors show that contamination systematically affects party strategy, voting behaviour, legislative cohesion and overall structure of partisan competition.
Strong Patronage, Weak Parties: The Case For Electoral System Redesign In The Philippines by Paul Hutchcroft Pdf
The current combination of electoral systems in the Philippines essentially guarantees the perpetuation of weak and incoherent political parties. As long as parties are weak and lacking in coherence, the primary focus of political contention is much more likely to be on patronage and pork than on policies and programs. As political reformers seek to address these fundamental problems of the Philippine polity, there is no better place to start than through a well-constructed set of changes to the electoral system.In this volume, expert contributors survey major types of electoral systems found throughout the world, explain their powerful influence on both democratic quality and development outcomes, and explore the comparative political dynamics of reform processes. A recurring theme is the virtue of a mixed electoral system involving some element of closed-list proportional representation — known internationally as one of the most effective means of building stronger and more coherent political parties. This, in turn, can be expected to encourage the emergence of a more policy-oriented (and less patronage-driven) polity.
Split-Ticket Voting in Mixed-Member Electoral Systems by Carolina Plescia Pdf
This book relaxes common assumptions in the voting behaviour literature to provide an in-depth study of split-ticket voting across ten established and non-established democracies. It proposes an original framework and combines a theoretical investigation with a purely methodological analysis to test the reliability of the predictive models. The broader picture that emerges is the one of a 'simple' voter with 'sophisticated' preferences. Parties still function as the principal cue for voting, but voters appear sophisticated in that they often like more than one party or choose candidates regardless of their party affiliation. Despite mixed-member systems being one of the most complicated electoral systems of all, there is no evidence supporting the conclusion that voters are not able to cope with the complexity of the electoral rules.
