Molecular Basis Of Apomixis In Plants

Author : Diego Hojsgaard
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2021-09-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783036515083

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Molecular Basis of Apomixis in Plants by Diego Hojsgaard Pdf

Apomixis is the consequence of a concerted mechanism that harnesses the sexual machinery and coordinates developmental steps in the ovule to produce an asexual (clonal) seed. Altered sexual developments involve widely characterized functional and anatomical changes in meiosis, gametogenesis, and embryo and endosperm formation. The ovules of apomictic plants skip meiosis and form unreduced female gametophytes whose egg cells develop into a parthenogenetic embryo, and the central cells may or may not fuse to a sperm to develop the seed endosperm. Thus, functional apomixis involves at least three components, apomeiosis, parthenogenesis, and endosperm development, modified from sexual reproduction that must be coordinated at the molecular level to progress through the developmental steps and form a clonal seed. Despite recent progress uncovering specific genes related to apomixis-like phenotypes and the formation of clonal seeds, the molecular basis and regulatory network of apomixis is still unknown. This is a central problem underlying the current limitations of apomixis breeding. This book collates twelve publications addressing different topics around the molecular basis of apomixis, illustrating recent discoveries and advances toward understanding the genetic regulation of the trait, discussing the possible origins of apomixis and the remaining challenges for its commercial deployment in plants.

Author : Diego Hojsgaard
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3036515070

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Molecular Basis of Apomixis in Plants by Diego Hojsgaard Pdf

Apomixis is the consequence of a concerted mechanism that harnesses the sexual machinery and coordinates developmental steps in the ovule to produce an asexual (clonal) seed. Altered sexual developments involve widely characterized functional and anatomical changes in meiosis, gametogenesis, and embryo and endosperm formation. The ovules of apomictic plants skip meiosis and form unreduced female gametophytes whose egg cells develop into a parthenogenetic embryo, and the central cells may or may not fuse to a sperm to develop the seed endosperm. Thus, functional apomixis involves at least three components, apomeiosis, parthenogenesis, and endosperm development, modified from sexual reproduction that must be coordinated at the molecular level to progress through the developmental steps and form a clonal seed. Despite recent progress uncovering specific genes related to apomixis-like phenotypes and the formation of clonal seeds, the molecular basis and regulatorynetwork of apomixis is still unknown. This is a central problem underlying the current limitations of apomixis breeding. This book collates twelve publications addressing different topics around the molecular basis of apomixis, illustrating recent discoveries and advances toward understanding the genetic regulation of the trait, discussing the possible origins of apomixis and the remaining challenges for its commercial deployment in plants.

Author : J.E. Vanderplank
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642669651

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Genetic and Molecular Basis of Plant Pathogenesis by J.E. Vanderplank Pdf

As befits a volume in the Advanced Series in Agricultural Sciences, this book was written with problems of practical agriculture in mind. One of the ways of controlling plant disease is by using resistant cultivars; and from the wide literature of genetics and biochemistry in plant pathology I have emphasized what seems to bear most closely on breeding for disease resistance. This has a double advantage, for it happens all to the good that this emphasis is also an emphasis on primary causes of disease, as distinct from subsequent processes of symptom expression and other secondary effects. The chapters are entirely modern in outlook. The great revolution in biology this century had its high moments in the elucidation of the DNA double helix in 1953 and the deciphering of the genetic code in 1961. This book, so far as I know, is the first in plant pathology to be conceived within the framework of this new biology. Half the book could not have been written 20 years ago, even if there had then been available all the literature that has since accumulated on the genetics and chemistry of plant disease. The new biology is the cement this book uses to bind the literature together. Another feature of this book is an emphasis on thermodynamics.

Author : Diego Hojsgaard,Thammineni Pullaiah
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 498 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2022-08-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000624014

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Apomixis in Angiosperms by Diego Hojsgaard,Thammineni Pullaiah Pdf

Apomixis is a difficult-to-analyse trait with a complex molecular basis and a substantive effect on the biology of a species. Thus, apomixis is an interesting characteristic for researchers and students working in different fields of plant science and agriculture, and technological advances are enabling and making apomixis studies more common. Apomixis in Angiosperms: Mechanisms, Occurrences, and Biotechnology provides a systematic introduction to the mechanisms and developmental types of apomixis along with an overview of alternative methodologies for identifying apomixis and a detailed reassessment of the occurrences of apomictic species among angiosperm families. Optional methods are illustrated with examples of all types of apomixis and biological levels of analysis, i.e. cells, ovules, seeds and offspring. Data on apomictic species are collected in tables along with information on ploidy, type of apomixis and references. Occurrences of apomixis are briefly discussed in phylogenetic and evolutionary contexts. An outline of the molecular basis of apomixis in plants is presented, together with prospects and challenges that remain for its biotechnological exploitation. This book: Provides a systematic overview of the mechanisms of apomixis, developmental types and methodology for apomixis research. Reassesses apomixis at the species level in angiosperm families. Contains tables summarizing relevant information on apomixis. Analyses occurrences of apomixis in phylogenetic and evolutionary contexts. Outlines the molecular basis and biotechnological perspective of apomixis breeding. This book presents an accessible overview of apomixis research and a curated dataset of apomictic species. It serves as a reference book for students, researchers and citizen scientists interested in apomixis, as well as researchers, business innovators and entrepreneurs pursuing apomixis breeding. It can also be used as a textbook in graduate courses on plant reproduction.

Author : Yves Savidan,John G. Carman,Thomas Dresselhaus
Publisher : CIMMYT
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Science
ISBN : 9706480749

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The Flowering of Apomixis by Yves Savidan,John G. Carman,Thomas Dresselhaus Pdf

Author : Lenn Jerling
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2017-11-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351466301

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Apomixis in Plants by Lenn Jerling Pdf

Apomixis in Plants presents a comprehensive review of different aspects of asexual seed formation in plants. This is important in plant research since apomixis could greatly facilitate breeding in important crops. It is also interesting theoretically because it carries problems related to genetic variation and evolution to its extreme. The book features a broad selection of topics, including a historical review of ideas and landmarks in the field; comparisons with other types of asexual reproduction in higher plants and with related phenomena in animals and related plants; a presentation of cytology and embryology of apomicts and the diversified terminology in the field; views on the genetic background of apomixis and environmental effects on its expression; and the interrelation between apomixis and other traits. Additional topics covered include classical and modern theories of sexual versus asexual reproduction; geographical and taxonomical trends in apomicts; ecological implications of apomixis, and a review of future possibilities for using apomixis in plant breeding. Apomixis in Plants is an important reference volume for researchers and students in all areas of botany, ecology, and plant breeding.

Author : Elizabeth G. Williams,A.E. Clarke,R.B. Knox
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 545 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401716697

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Genetic control of self-incompatibility and reproductive development in flowering plants by Elizabeth G. Williams,A.E. Clarke,R.B. Knox Pdf

Plant reproductive biology has undergone a revolution during the past five years, with the cloning, sequencing and localization of the genes important in reproduction. These advantages in plant molecular biology have led to exciting applications in plant biotechnology, including the genetic engineering of male sterility and other reproductive processes. This book presents an interesting and contemporary account of these new developments from the scientists in whose laboratories they have been made. The chapters focus on two areas: the molecular biology of self-incompatibility, which is the system of self-recognition controlled by the S-gene and related genes; and the cellular and molecular biology of pollen development and genetic dissection of male sterility. Some chapters feature Arabidopsis, with its unique genetic system. Reproduction is vital for seed production in crop plants, and this book presents new approaches to manipulate plant breeding systems for the 21st century.

Author : Ram J. Singh
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2002-12-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420038507

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Plant Cytogenetics by Ram J. Singh Pdf

Plant cytogenetics has progressed at a rapid rate since the publication of the first edition. Plant Cytogenetics, Second Edition presents an up-to-date review of cytogenetics. It covers the latest in the various classical and modern techniques in the handling of chromosomes, karyotype analysis, genetics of meiosis, genomic relationships, and chromosome manipulation. It includes new chapters on extra chromosomal inheritance and the mode of reproduction in plants, paricularly apomixis, as well as new sections on the molecular basis of heredity, genomic in situ hybridization, and the classical and molecular methods of genome analysis. The author also elaborates on the cytogenetic basis of somaclonal variation generated through cell and tissue culture.

Author : Tamara N. Naumova
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351086653

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Apomixis in Angiosperms by Tamara N. Naumova Pdf

Apomixis in Angiosperms: Nucellar and Integumentary Embryony is based on original cytoembryological data and critically reviewed literature on more than 250 species from 57 families of angiosperms. The book covers the complete process of nucellar and integumentary embryo formation and viable seed development within species, families, and among angiosperms in general. Many species (some of which are economically important) characterized by adventive embryony are listed. The book also provides an original simple classification of apomixis and offers a new approach to differentiating embryological structures in cases of apomixis and amphimixis. Apomixis in Angiosperms: Nucellar and Integumentary Embryony will be a useful reference for embryologists, botanists, cytologists, geneticists, and plant breeders. It will also benefit any researcher interested in studying somatic embryo formation in tissue culture.

Author : Nico Cellinese,Božo Frajman,Andrew A Crowl,Gonzalo Nieto Feliner
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2023-04-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832521960

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Understanding plant diversity and evolution in the mediterranean basin by Nico Cellinese,Božo Frajman,Andrew A Crowl,Gonzalo Nieto Feliner Pdf

Author : T B Batygina
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780429526718

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Embryology of Flowering Plants: Terminology and Concepts, Vol. 3 by T B Batygina Pdf

Plant embryology, dealing with the regularities of initiation and the first stages of development of an organism, is now flourishing because of the overall progress being made in natural sciences. Such discoveries of the 20th century as production of plants from a single somatic cell, experimental haploidy, and parasexual hybridization were of general biological significance. The combined efforts of embryologists, geneticists and molecular biologists yielded the discovery of specific genes that control meiosis, egg cell development and early stages of embryogenesis. The tendency to synthesize data of embryology and genetics has become increasingly noticeable. It is connected with the fact that the majority of problems connected with morphogenesis, such as differentiation, specialization, the evaluation of features and the definition of the notionsgene and feature andgenotype and phenotype concern embryology and genetics (embryogenetics) in one way or another. Evolutionary embryology has given rise to a new approach to the study of problems of adaptation in plants. In connection with the problem of preserving biological diversity under conditions of ecological stress, special attention is paid to ecological embryology, revealing the critical periods in early ontogenesis and plasticity and tolerance of reproductive systems at the level of species and population. The study of variability of morphogenesis and phenotype in population (life cycle variations and the diversity of reproductive systems) is the most important point in the population embryology of plants.

Author : Mauro Cresti,Antonio Tiezzi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642776779

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Sexual Plant Reproduction by Mauro Cresti,Antonio Tiezzi Pdf

In recent years there has been a growing awareness of the importance of reproductive biology to crop production and there has been a tremendous increase in research on reproductive structures of higher plants. Presented here is a wide information of different aspects of micro- and macrosporogenesis, pollen-stigma interaction and recognition, pollen tube growth, cytoskeleton, in vitro and in vivo gamete fusion, and incompatibility. The most advanced techniques employed in studies on reproductive biology of higher plants are described in detail.

Author : Guy M. Poppy,Michael J. Wilkinson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470994108

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Gene Flow from GM Plants by Guy M. Poppy,Michael J. Wilkinson Pdf

Gene flow is not unique to genetically modified (GM) crops, but the possibility of the spread of transgenic DNA to wild and domesticated relatives raises a new set of issues for scientists and policymakers to consider. Unfortunately, we are still too often unable to quantify the risks of ecological damage associated with gene flow. This is due partly to the huge breadth of knowledge required to assemble a comprehensive risk assessment. For example, many scientists active in research on the mechanics of gene flow nevertheless lack a deep understanding of what is required to identify, characterise and assess ecological risk, and many of those who are aware of the risk assessment process and the framework used for legislation have insufficient knowledge of the reproductive biology, agricultural systems, modelling and ecological literature required to compile a balanced risk assessment. This book, set in the context of gene flow in general, considers the assessment, measurement and management of the risks of gene flow from GM plants, combining the expertise of all the various stakeholders. It is directed at researchers and professionals in plant molecular genetics and plant ecology, in both the academic and industrial sectors.

Author : Gurdev S. Khush
Publisher : Int. Rice Res. Inst.
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Apomixis
ISBN : 9789712200649

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Apomixis by Gurdev S. Khush Pdf

Apomixis for rice improvement; Transferring apomixis to maize; Transfer of alien chromosome-carrying gene for apomixis to cultived pennisetum; Cytological mechanisms of apospory and diplospory; Genetics of apomixis mechanisms; Embryo and flower development in rice and apomixis in Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum); Modifying embryo sac development and strategies for cloning the apomixis gene from buffelgrass; Molecular markers for apomixis in Pennisetum; Using Arabidopsis in the analysis of megaspore development; Developmental genetics of floral patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana; Isolating apomictic mutnats in Arabidopsis thaliana - prospects adn progess.

Author : SWL Jacobs,J Everett
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2000-05-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780643099005

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Grasses: Systematics and Evolution by SWL Jacobs,J Everett Pdf

Grasses: Systematics and Evolution is a selection of the very best papers from the Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Grass Systematics and Evolution held in Sydney, Australia in 1998. The papers represent some of the leading work from around the world on grasses and include reviews and current research into the comparative biology and classification. All 41 papers have been peer-reviewed and edited.