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Monitoring Bird Populations by Point Counts by C. John Ralph,John R. Sauer,Sam Droege Pdf
Point counts of birds are the most widely used quantitative method and involve an observer recording birds from a single point for a standardized time period. In response to the need for standardization of methods to monitor bird populations by census, researchers met to present data from various investigations working under a wide variety of conditions, and to examine various aspects of point count methodology. Statistical aspects of sampling and analysis were discussed and applied to the objectives of point counts. The final chapter presents these standards and their applications to point count methodology.
Monitoring Bird Populations in Small Geographic Areas by Anonim Pdf
Numerous methods exist for monitoring bird populations, and there is a large literature describing them. There are few resources, however, that provide comprehensive advice on every step of organizing and carrying out a survey, from the early stages of planning to final use of the data. Even fewer resources are designed to meet the needs of a wide variety of potential users, from amateurs interested in change of bird life in a local study preserve to professionals testing hypotheses on the response of birds to habitat management, although much of the advice should be the same for every monitoring program. Whether survey objectives are very modest or rigorously scientific, samples must be sufficiently numerous and well distributed to provide meaningful results, and the survey should be well designed to ensure that the money and effort going into it are not wasted. This document is intended to be a complete resource for anyone planning to organize monitoring of noncolonial landbirds within a relatively small geographic area (e.g., from the size of a woodlot to a large park). The first of its two parts provides background explaining the importance of good study design and gives specific advice on all aspects of project planning and execution of high-quality data collection for the purpose of hypothesis testing. The second part is self-contained and nontechnical and describes complete plans for a site-specific checklist survey, suitable for addressing monitoring questions frequently asked by amateurs and for involvement of volunteers in data collection. Throughout are references to additional resources, from background literature to sources of existing survey protocols, analysis software, and tools for archiving data.
Monitoring Bird Populations by Point Counts by C. Ralph,John Sauer,Sam Droege,United States Agriculture Pdf
Point counts of buds are the most widely used quantitative method and involve an observer recording buds from a single point for a standardized time period. In response to the need for standardization of methods to monitor bird populations by census, various investigators met in Maryland in late fall 1991 to evaluate point counts. Their objectives were to present data from various investigations working under a wide variety of conditions, and to examine various aspects of point count methodology. This volume contains the papers given at the workshop, as well as a few additional relevant papers that subsequently have been submitted to the technical coordinators. Statistical aspects of sampling and analysis were discussed and applied to the objectives of point counts. From this base, at interactive sessions the participants discussed and agreed upon standards of point counts that should have wide applicability to a variety of habitats and terrain. The final chapter presents these standards and their applications to point count methodology. Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture
Handbook of Field Methods for Monitoring Landbirds by C. John Ralph Pdf
Presents a compilation of methods that can be used to assay population size, demographics, & status of virtually all species of landbirds in a wide variety of habitats. Suggests priorities for selecting a monitoring method & determining station location. Presents general tasks that determine which species can be monitored, & methods of establishing & maintaining a study plot, journal keeping, & training of personnel. Describes two demographic methods & four types of censuses for determining population size & trends. Methods are suggested for measuring habitat, recording weather, & color banding. Illustrated.
Birds as Monitors of Environmental Change by R.W. Furness,J.J.D. Greenwood Pdf
Birds as Monitors of Environmental Change looks at how bird populations are affected by pollutants, water quality, and other physical changes and how this scientific knowledge can help in predicting the effects of pollutants and other physical changes in the environment.
Monitoring Animal Populations and Their Habitats by Brenda McComb,Benjamin Zuckerberg,David Vesely,Christopher Jordan Pdf
In the face of so many unprecedented changes in our environment, the pressure is on scientists to lead the way toward a more sustainable future. Written by a team of ecologists, Monitoring Animal Populations and Their Habitats: A Practitioner’s Guide provides a framework that natural resource managers and researchers can use to design monitoring programs that will benefit future generations by distilling the information needed to make informed decisions. In addition, this text is valuable for undergraduate- and graduate-level courses that are focused on monitoring animal populations. With the aid of more than 90 illustrations and a four-page color insert, this book offers practical guidance for the entire monitoring process, from incorporating stakeholder input and data collection, to data management, analysis, and reporting. It establishes the basis for why, what, how, where, and when monitoring should be conducted; describes how to analyze and interpret the data; explains how to budget for monitoring efforts; and discusses how to assemble reports of use in decision-making. The book takes a multi-scaled and multi-taxa approach, focusing on monitoring vertebrate populations and upland habitats, but the recommendations and suggestions presented are applicable to a variety of monitoring programs. Lastly, the book explores the future of monitoring techniques, enabling researchers to better plan for the future of wildlife populations and their habitats. Monitoring Animal Populations and Their Habitats: A Practitioner’s Guide furthers the goal of achieving a world in which biodiversity is allowed to evolve and flourish in the face of such uncertainties as climate change, invasive species proliferation, land use expansion, and population growth.
Monitoring for Conservation and Ecology by F.B. Goldsmith Pdf
Monitoring has become fashionable. Business now talks about monitoring its activities, efficiency, costs and profits. The National Health Service is monitoring general practices and hospitals; it is keen to have more information about efficiency and the duration of stay of patients in different hospitals undergoing different types of treatment. These activities are usually carried out in relation to specific objectives with the aim of making activities more cost effective and competitive. Does the same apply in biology, ecology and nature conservation? Or, are we still enjoying conducting field surveys for the fun of it, at best with rather vague objectives and saying to our colleagues that we do our work because we need to know what is there? This book is an opportunity to consider some of the reasons why monitoring is important, how it differs from survey, how it may be able to answer specific questions and help with site management or problem solving. It will explore some of the taxa that are suitable for recording and how you may actually set about doing it. It is not intended as a catalogue of techniques but we will in each chapter give you sources of material so that with the minimum of effort you will be able to proceed with an efficient, relevant and not too time consuming monitoring programme. Some of the points that you need to consider before starting are also set down in the synthesis at the end of the book.
