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Morphological Aspects of Language Processing by Laurie Beth Feldman Pdf
It is now well established that phonological -- and orthographic -- codes play a crucial role in the recognition of isolated words and in understanding the sequences of words that comprise a sentence. However, words and sentences are organized with respect to morphological as well as phonological components. It is thus unfortunate that the morpheme has received relatively little attention in the experimental literature, either from psychologists or linguists. Due to recent methodological developments, however, now is an opportune time to address morphological issues. In the experimental literature, there is a tendency to examine various psycholinguistic processes in English and then to assume that the account given applies with equal significance to English and to other languages. Written languages differ, however, in the extent to which they capture phonological as contrasted with morphological units. Moreover, with respect to the morpheme, languages differ in the principle by which morphemes are connected to form new words. This volume focuses on morphological processes in word recognition and reading with an eye toward comparing morphological processes with orthographic and phonological processes. Cross-language comparisons are examined as a tool with which to probe universal linguistic processes, and a variety of research methodologies are described. Because it makes the experimental literature in languages other than English more accessible, this book is expected to be of interest to many readers. It also directs attention to the subject of language processing in general -- an issue which is of central interest to cognitive psychologists and linguists as well as educators and clinicians.
Language Diversity and Cognitive Representations by Catherine Fuchs,Stéphane Robert Pdf
Significant new developments in brain activity research have revived the debate on the universality of language and its neural basis. Within this debate, the question of language diversity and its implications for cognition remains central and controversial. It is here investigated in an original multimodal approach, covering various aspects of cross-linguistic variation, differences between spoken, signed and drum languages, between normal speech and pathological speech, and also between language and music, as revealed in electric brain activity associated with language processing. The various contributions (linguistic, anthropological, psychological and neurophysical) on the nature and status of variation and invariants in language provides evidence for complex interactions between language-specific processes and general cognitive faculties. This overview of some recent trends in cognitive linguistics opens up a promising new research area in the humanities as well as in the cognitive sciences.
Space and Time in Languages and Cultures by Luna Filipovi?,Kasia M. Jaszczolt,Katarzyna Jaszczolt Pdf
This volume offers novel insights into linguistic diversity in the domains of spatial and temporal reference, searching for uniformity amongst diversity. A number of authors discuss expression of dynamic spatial relations cross-linguistically in a vast range of typologically different languages such as Bezhta, French, Hinuq, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Serbian, and Spanish, among others. The contributions on linguistic expression of time all shed new light on pertinent questions regarding this cognitive domain, such as the hotly debated relationship between cross-linguistic differences in talking about time and universal principles of utterance interpretation, modelling temporal inference through aspectual interactions, as well as the complexity of the acquisition of tense-aspect relations in a second language. The topic of space and time in language and culture is also represented, from a different point of view, in the sister volume Space and Time in Languages and Cultures: Language, Culture, and Cognition (HCP 37) which discusses spatial and temporal constructs in human language, cognition, and culture in order to come closer to a better understanding of the interaction between shared and individual characteristics of language and culture that shape the way people interact with each other and exchange information about the spatio-temporal constructs that underlie their cognitive, social, and linguistic foundations.
Linguistic Morphology in the Mind and Brain by Davide Crepaldi Pdf
Linguistic Morphology is a unique collection of cutting-edge research in the psycholinguistics of morphology, offering a comprehensive overview of this interdisciplinary field. This book brings together world-leading experts from linguisics, experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience to examine morphology research from different disciplines. It provides an overview of how the brain deals with complex words; examining how they are easier to read, how they affect our brain dynamics and eye movements, how they mould the acquisition of language and literacy, and how they inform computational models of the linguistic brain. Chapters discuss topics ranging from subconscious visual identification to the high-level processing of sentences, how children make their first steps with complex words through to how proficient adults make lexical identification in less than 40 milliseconds. As a state-of-the-art resource in morphology research, this book will be highly relevant reading for students and researchers of linguistics, psychology and cognitive neuroscience. It will also act as a one-stop shop for experts in the field.
The Adaptive Value of Languages: Non-Linguistic Causes of Language Diversity by Antonio Benítez-Burraco,Steven Moran Pdf
The goal of this eBook is to shed light on the non-linguistic causes of language diversity, and in particular, to explore the possibility that some aspects of the structure of languages may result from an adaptation to the natural and/or human-made environment. Traditionally, language diversity has been claimed to result from random, internally-motivated changes in language structure. However, ongoing research suggests instead that different factors that are external to language can promote language change and ultimately account for aspects of language diversity, specifically features of the social and physical environments. The contributions in this eBook discuss whether some aspects of languages are an adaptation to ecological, social, or even technological niches.
Author : Michael Rost Publisher : Taylor & Francis Page : 451 pages File Size : 51,6 Mb Release : 2024-07-03 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines ISBN : 9781040018880
Teaching and Researching Listening by Michael Rost Pdf
Widely considered to be a foundational work in the field of listening, Teaching and Researching Listening is among the most recommended textbooks in applied linguistics oral communication courses, and the most cited reference in current research on second language listening development. Known for its comprehensiveness, clarity, insight, and practical applications, this fourth edition has been substantially revised to reflect the latest research in the areas of linguistics, neuroscience, applied technologies, and teaching methodology, with expanded sections on teaching applications and explorations in social research related to listening. This completely revised edition includes: • Detailed overviews of the underlying processes of listening, with additional coverage of decoding processes • Expansion of sections dealing with artificial intelligence (AI), speech recognition, and input enhancement software • Emphasis on research of listening in spoken interaction and cross-cultural communication • Clear templates for instructors and curriculum designers, with an expansive set of practical resources • Guidance in using observational methods for exploring listening in a range of educational and professional contexts • Website support, with presentation slides, infographics, and question banks for each chapter This fourth edition of Teaching and Researching Listening serves as an authoritative and comprehensive survey of issues related to teaching and researching oral communication, providing value for language teachers, educational researchers, instructional designers, interpreters, and other language practitioners.
Cross-linguistic Perspectives on Morphological Processing by Ram Frost,Jonathan Grainger Pdf
This special issue provides a unique analysis of critical issues in morphological processing by examining these in a variety of languages and by using different methodologies. The issue is based on the theoretical stance that the mapping of cognitive events involved in processing morphologically complex words, should depend on the linguistic environment of the native speaker. Studies in different languages are aimed at producing converging or contrasting evidence that would allow the formulation of a general theory of morphological processing, a theory that takes into account the specific characteristics of the orthography, phonology, and morphology of each language, and shows how these constrain possible architectures and algorithms for lexical processing. Nine experimental papers are included in this book. They bring evidence from Dutch, French, Finnish, German, Hebrew, and English. This collection of papers presents a significant variety of experimental methods such as conscious priming at various SOA's, masked priming, the monitoring of simple lexical decision, speech production in picture naming, eye movement tracking, measuring parafoveal preview benefits, and computer simulations in artificial languages. All papers suggest that lying at the intersection of orthographic, phonologic, and semantic coding, morphological structure must play a key role in the representation and processing of lexical organization. Language and Cognitive Processes is an international journal which published theoreticl and experimental research into the mental processess and representations involved in language use. The psychological study of language has attracted increasing interest over the past three decades, and Language and Cognitive Processes provides a common focus for this enterprise. It is a journal which emphasises the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to the study of language. Apart from research in experimental and developmental psychology, Language and Cognitive Processes publishes work derived from linguistics, philosophy, cognitive neuropsychology and computational modelling
Space in Language and Cognition by Stephen C. Levinson Pdf
Languages differ in how they describe space, and such differences between languages can be used to explore the relation between language and thought. This 2003 book shows that even in a core cognitive domain like spatial thinking, language influences how people think, memorize and reason about spatial relations and directions. After outlining a typology of spatial coordinate systems in language and cognition, it is shown that not all languages use all types, and that non-linguistic cognition mirrors the systems available in the local language. The book reports on collaborative, interdisciplinary research, involving anthropologists, linguists and psychologists, conducted in many languages and cultures around the world, which establishes this robust correlation. The overall results suggest that thinking in the cognitive sciences underestimates the transformative power of language on thinking. The book will be of interest to linguists, psychologists, anthropologists and philosophers, and especially to students of spatial cognition.
Ideal in introductory courses dealing with grammatical structure and linguistic analysis, Introduction to Typology overviews the major grammatical categories and constructions in the world's languages. Framed in a typological perspective, the constant concern of this primary text is to underscore the similarities and differences which underlie the vast array of human languages.
Morphologically complex words in the mind/brain by Alina Leminen,Harald Clahsen,Minna Lehtonen,Mirjana Bozic Pdf
The question of how morphologically complex words (assign-ment, listen-ed) are represented and processed in the brain has been one of the most hotly debated topics in the cognitive neuroscience of language. Do complex words engage cortical representations and processes equivalent to single lexical objects or are they processed as sequences of separate morpheme-like units? Research on morphological processing has suggested that adults make efficient use of both lexical (i.e., whole word) storage and retrieval, as well as combinatorial computation in processing morphologically complex words. Psycholinguistic studies have demonstrated that processing of complex words can be affected both by properties of the morphemes and the whole words, such as their frequency, transparency, and regularity. Furthermore, this research has been informative about the time-course of complex word recognition and production, and the role of morphological structure in these processes. At the neural level, left-hemisphere inferior frontal and superior temporal areas, and negative-going event-related potentials, have been consistently associated with morphological processing. While most previous research has been done on the recognition of morphologically complex words in adult native speakers, much less is known about neurocognitive processes involved in the on-line production of morphologically complex words, and even less on morphological processing in children and non-native speakers. Moreover, we have limited understanding of how linguistically distinct morphological processes, e.g. inflectional (listen-ed) versus derivational (assign-ment), are handled by the cortical language networks. This e-book provides an up-to-date overview of the questions currently addressed in the field of morphological processing. It highlights the significance of morphological information in language processing, both written and spoken, as assessed by a variety of methods and approaches. It also provides a comprehensive range of research and development tools for the development of new technologies.
Space in Language and Cognition by Stephen C. Levinson Pdf
The book will appeal to all researchers interested in the relation of language to other areas of cognition - linguists, psychologists, anthropologists, philosophers - and especially to students of spacial cognition."--BOOK JACKET.
Word Morphology and Written Language Acquisition: Insights from Typical and Atypical Development in Different Orthographies by Lynne G. Duncan,Daniela Traficante,Maximiliano A. Wilson Pdf
This Research Topic explores the processing of morphemes, the smallest units of language that bear meaning and that combine to form more complex words. The articles gathered under this Research Topic investigate typical and atypical morphological processing by children and adolescents in ten different languages. These articles provide cross-linguistic and cross-script evidence of the early sensitivity of children to the morphemic structure of words, irrespective of whether they are struggling readers or typically developing. All in all, the collection allows for a better understanding of how morphological processing skills develop, providing valuable clues as to how this competence can be used as a tool to improve literacy acquisition in struggling readers.
Diversity in Cognition by Barbara Mertins,Renate Delucchi Danhier Pdf
"This book encompasses a number of original studies on diversity in cognition. This topic is examined from a wide range of perspectives, including psycholinguistics, linguistic relativity, applied linguistics as well as second language and bilingualism research. The methodological approaches vary from linguistic descriptions and corpus analyses to experimental methods such as eye-tracking or speech elicitation. The book shows that diversity in cognition plays a key role in linguistics encoding, event conceptualization, reception of music and general literacy. Cognitive diversity can even be seen to shape human interaction and communication. The book offers new insights and fresh approaches to the discourse on diversity in and beyond cognition"--
