Multi Core Cache Hierarchies

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Multi-Core Cache Hierarchies

Author : Rajeev Balasubramonian,Norman P. Jouppi
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 137 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2022-06-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031017346

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Multi-Core Cache Hierarchies by Rajeev Balasubramonian,Norman P. Jouppi Pdf

A key determinant of overall system performance and power dissipation is the cache hierarchy since access to off-chip memory consumes many more cycles and energy than on-chip accesses. In addition, multi-core processors are expected to place ever higher bandwidth demands on the memory system. All these issues make it important to avoid off-chip memory access by improving the efficiency of the on-chip cache. Future multi-core processors will have many large cache banks connected by a network and shared by many cores. Hence, many important problems must be solved: cache resources must be allocated across many cores, data must be placed in cache banks that are near the accessing core, and the most important data must be identified for retention. Finally, difficulties in scaling existing technologies require adapting to and exploiting new technology constraints. The book attempts a synthesis of recent cache research that has focused on innovations for multi-core processors. It is an excellent starting point for early-stage graduate students, researchers, and practitioners who wish to understand the landscape of recent cache research. The book is suitable as a reference for advanced computer architecture classes as well as for experienced researchers and VLSI engineers. Table of Contents: Basic Elements of Large Cache Design / Organizing Data in CMP Last Level Caches / Policies Impacting Cache Hit Rates / Interconnection Networks within Large Caches / Technology / Concluding Remarks

Cache and Memory Hierarchy Design

Author : Steven A. Przybylski
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
Page : 1017 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781558601369

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Cache and Memory Hierarchy Design by Steven A. Przybylski Pdf

A widely read and authoritative book for hardware and software designers. This innovative book exposes the characteristics of performance-optimal single- and multi-level cache hierarchies by approaching the cache design process through the novel perspective of minimizing execution time.

Cache and Memory Hierarchy Design

Author : Steven A. Przybylski
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Computers
ISBN : 1558601368

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Cache and Memory Hierarchy Design by Steven A. Przybylski Pdf

A widely read and authoritative book for hardware and software designers. This innovative book exposes the characteristics of performance-optimal single- and multi-level cache hierarchies by approaching the cache design process through the novel perspective of minimizing execution time.

Thread and Data Mapping for Multicore Systems

Author : Eduardo H. M. Cruz,Matthias Diener,Philippe O. A. Navaux
Publisher : Springer
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2018-07-04
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319910741

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Thread and Data Mapping for Multicore Systems by Eduardo H. M. Cruz,Matthias Diener,Philippe O. A. Navaux Pdf

This book presents a study on how thread and data mapping techniques can be used to improve the performance of multi-core architectures. It describes how the memory hierarchy introduces non-uniform memory access, and how mapping can be used to reduce the memory access latency in current hardware architectures. On the software side, this book describes the characteristics present in parallel applications that are used by mapping techniques to improve memory access. Several state-of-the-art methods are analyzed, and the benefits and drawbacks of each one are identified.

Microprocessor Architecture

Author : Jean-Loup Baer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780521769921

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Microprocessor Architecture by Jean-Loup Baer Pdf

This book describes the architecture of microprocessors from simple in-order short pipeline designs to out-of-order superscalars.

Multi-Processor System-on-Chip 2

Author : Anonim
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2021-05-11
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781789450224

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Multi-Processor System-on-Chip 2 by Anonim Pdf

A Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) is the key component for complex applications. These applications put huge pressure on memory, communication devices and computing units. This book, presented in two volumes – Architectures and Applications – therefore celebrates the 20th anniversary of MPSoC, an interdisciplinary forum that focuses on multi-core and multi-processor hardware and software systems. It is this interdisciplinarity which has led to MPSoC bringing together experts in these fields from around the world, over the last two decades. Multi-Processor System-on-Chip 2 covers application-specific MPSoC design, including compilers and architecture exploration. This second volume describes optimization methods, tools to optimize and port specific applications on MPSoC architectures. Details on compilation, power consumption and wireless communication are also presented, as well as examples of modeling frameworks and CAD tools. Explanations of specific platforms for automotive and real-time computing are also included.

Memory Systems

Author : Bruce Jacob,David Wang,Spencer Ng
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
Page : 1017 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2010-07-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780080553849

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Memory Systems by Bruce Jacob,David Wang,Spencer Ng Pdf

Is your memory hierarchy stopping your microprocessor from performing at the high level it should be? Memory Systems: Cache, DRAM, Disk shows you how to resolve this problem. The book tells you everything you need to know about the logical design and operation, physical design and operation, performance characteristics and resulting design trade-offs, and the energy consumption of modern memory hierarchies. You learn how to to tackle the challenging optimization problems that result from the side-effects that can appear at any point in the entire hierarchy.As a result you will be able to design and emulate the entire memory hierarchy. Understand all levels of the system hierarchy -Xcache, DRAM, and disk. Evaluate the system-level effects of all design choices. Model performance and energy consumption for each component in the memory hierarchy.

Programming Many-Core Chips

Author : András Vajda
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2011-06-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781441997395

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Programming Many-Core Chips by András Vajda Pdf

This book presents new concepts, techniques and promising programming models for designing software for chips with "many" (hundreds to thousands) processor cores. Given the scale of parallelism inherent to these chips, software designers face new challenges in terms of operating systems, middleware and applications. This will serve as an invaluable, single-source reference to the state-of-the-art in programming many-core chips. Coverage includes many-core architectures, operating systems, middleware, and programming models.

Cache Replacement Policies

Author : Akanksha Jain,Calvin Lin
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 89 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2019-06-19
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781681735771

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Cache Replacement Policies by Akanksha Jain,Calvin Lin Pdf

This book summarizes the landscape of cache replacement policies for CPU data caches. The emphasis is on algorithmic issues, so the authors start by defining a taxonomy that places previous policies into two broad categories, which they refer to as coarse-grained and fine-grained policies. Each of these categories is then divided into three subcategories that describe different approaches to solving the cache replacement problem, along with summaries of significant work in each category. Richer factors, including solutions that optimize for metrics beyond cache miss rates, that are tailored to multi-core settings, that consider interactions with prefetchers, and that consider new memory technologies, are then explored. The book concludes by discussing trends and challenges for future work. This book, which assumes that readers will have a basic understanding of computer architecture and caches, will be useful to academics and practitioners across the field.

A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence

Author : Daniel Sorin,Mark Hill,David Wood
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2011-03-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781608455652

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A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence by Daniel Sorin,Mark Hill,David Wood Pdf

Many modern computer systems and most multicore chips (chip multiprocessors) support shared memory in hardware. In a shared memory system, each of the processor cores may read and write to a single shared address space. For a shared memory machine, the memory consistency model defines the architecturally visible behavior of its memory system. Consistency definitions provide rules about loads and stores (or memory reads and writes) and how they act upon memory. As part of supporting a memory consistency model, many machines also provide cache coherence protocols that ensure that multiple cached copies of data are kept up-to-date. The goal of this primer is to provide readers with a basic understanding of consistency and coherence. This understanding includes both the issues that must be solved as well as a variety of solutions. We present both highlevel concepts as well as specific, concrete examples from real-world systems. Table of Contents: Preface / Introduction to Consistency and Coherence / Coherence Basics / Memory Consistency Motivation and Sequential Consistency / Total Store Order and the x86 Memory Model / Relaxed Memory Consistency / Coherence Protocols / Snooping Coherence Protocols / Directory Coherence Protocols / Advanced Topics in Coherence / Author Biographies

Modern Processor Design

Author : John Paul Shen,Mikko H. Lipasti
Publisher : Waveland Press
Page : 657 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2013-07-30
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781478610762

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Modern Processor Design by John Paul Shen,Mikko H. Lipasti Pdf

Conceptual and precise, Modern Processor Design brings together numerous microarchitectural techniques in a clear, understandable framework that is easily accessible to both graduate and undergraduate students. Complex practices are distilled into foundational principles to reveal the authors insights and hands-on experience in the effective design of contemporary high-performance micro-processors for mobile, desktop, and server markets. Key theoretical and foundational principles are presented in a systematic way to ensure comprehension of important implementation issues. The text presents fundamental concepts and foundational techniques such as processor design, pipelined processors, memory and I/O systems, and especially superscalar organization and implementations. Two case studies and an extensive survey of actual commercial superscalar processors reveal real-world developments in processor design and performance. A thorough overview of advanced instruction flow techniques, including developments in advanced branch predictors, is incorporated. Each chapter concludes with homework problems that will institute the groundwork for emerging techniques in the field and an introduction to multiprocessor systems.

A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence

Author : Vijay Nagarajan,Daniel J. Sorin,Mark D. Hill,David A. Wood
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-02-04
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781681737102

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A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence by Vijay Nagarajan,Daniel J. Sorin,Mark D. Hill,David A. Wood Pdf

Many modern computer systems, including homogeneous and heterogeneous architectures, support shared memory in hardware. In a shared memory system, each of the processor cores may read and write to a single shared address space. For a shared memory machine, the memory consistency model defines the architecturally visible behavior of its memory system. Consistency definitions provide rules about loads and stores (or memory reads and writes) and how they act upon memory. As part of supporting a memory consistency model, many machines also provide cache coherence protocols that ensure that multiple cached copies of data are kept up-to-date. The goal of this primer is to provide readers with a basic understanding of consistency and coherence. This understanding includes both the issues that must be solved as well as a variety of solutions. We present both high-level concepts as well as specific, concrete examples from real-world systems. This second edition reflects a decade of advancements since the first edition and includes, among other more modest changes, two new chapters: one on consistency and coherence for non-CPU accelerators (with a focus on GPUs) and one that points to formal work and tools on consistency and coherence.