Nature And Norm

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Nature and Norm

Randi Rashkover
Nature and Norm Book PDF

Author : Randi Rashkover
Publisher : Academic Studies PRess
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2021-02-02
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781644695111

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Nature and Norm by Randi Rashkover Pdf

Nature and Norm: Judaism, Christianity and the Theopolitical Problem is a book about the encounter between Jewish and Christian thought and the fact-value divide that invites the unsettling recognition of the dramatic acosmism that shadows and undermines a considerable number of modern and contemporary Jewish and Christian thought systems. By exposing the forced option presented to Jewish and Christian thinkers by the continued appropriation of the fact-value divide, Nature and Norm motivates Jewish and Christian thinkers to perform an immanent critique of the failure of their thought systems to advance rational theopolitical claims and exercise the authority and freedom to assert their claims as reasonable hypotheses that hold the potential for enacting effective change in our current historical moment.

The Crossroads of Norm and Nature

May Sim
The Crossroads of Norm and Nature Book PDF

Author : May Sim
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0847679829

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The Crossroads of Norm and Nature by May Sim Pdf

A discussion of the intersections between Aristotle's works: Ethics and Metaphysics. It debates the ways in which - and even the extent to which - the two texts illuminate one another, examine Aristotle's methods and intellectualism and analyse issues of matter, form, potency and art.

From Nature to Norm

John Post
From Nature to Norm Book PDF

Author : John Post
Publisher : Booksurge Publishing
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2008-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1419698419

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From Nature to Norm by John Post Pdf

A meticulously scripted and thoughtfully considered monograph about the abyss between morality and biology, From Nature to Norm: An Essay in the Metaphysics of Morals proves as inventive as it is original. It combines the highest degree of originality with careful attention to potential objections, all in accord with Stravinsky's rule: To enjoy to the full the conquests of daring, we must demand that it operate in a pitiless light. Author and philosopher John F. Post explains how what seems an impossibility often proves to be a failure of the imagination. With wit and candor, he urges his readers to recall Stravinsky's rule and to ponder the relationships between the moral and biological dimensions of humankind. His is a dialogue to forge a path between the moral and the biological by way of forming a synthesis of these two crucial elements of human being.

Norms of Nature

Paul Sheldon Davies
Norms of Nature Book PDF

Author : Paul Sheldon Davies
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2003-01-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 0262262371

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Norms of Nature by Paul Sheldon Davies Pdf

The components of living systems strike us as functional-as for the sake of certain ends—and as endowed with specific norms of performance. The mammalian eye, for example, has the function of perceiving and processing light, and possession of this property tempts us to claim that token eyes are supposed to perceive and process light. That is, we tend to evaluate the performance of token eyes against the norm described in the attributed functional property. Hence the norms of nature. What, then, are the norms of nature? Whence do they arise? Out of what natural properties or relations are they constituted? In Norms of Nature, Paul Sheldon Davies argues against the prevailing view that natural norms are constituted out of some form of historical success—usually success in natural selection. He defends the view that functions are nothing more than effects that contribute to the exercise of some more general systemic capacity. Natural functions exist insofar as the components of natural systems contribute to the exercise of systemic capacities. This is so irrespective of the system's history. Even if the mammalian eye had never been selected for, it would have the function of perceiving and processing light, because those are the effects that contribute to the exercise of the visual system. The systemic approach to conceptualizing natural norms, claims Davies, is superior to the historical approach in several important ways. Especially significant is that it helps us understand how the attribution of functions within the life sciences coheres with the methods and ontology of the natural sciences generally.

Knowledge and the Norm of Assertion

John Turri
Knowledge and the Norm of Assertion Book PDF

Author : John Turri
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2016-02-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781783741861

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Knowledge and the Norm of Assertion by John Turri Pdf

Language is a human universal reflecting our deeply social nature. Among its essential functions, language enables us to quickly and efficiently share information. We tell each other that many things are true—that is, we routinely make assertions. Information shared this way plays a critical role in the decisions and plans we make. In Knowledge and the Norm of Assertion, a distinguished philosopher and cognitive scientist investigates the rules or norms that structure our social practice of assertion. Combining evidence from philosophy, psychology, and biology, John Turri shows that knowledge is the central norm of assertion and explains why knowledge plays this role. Concise, comprehensive, non-technical, and thoroughly accessible, this volume quickly brings readers to the cutting edge of a major research program at the intersection of philosophy and science. It presupposes no philosophical or scientific training. It will be of interest to philosophers and scientists, is suitable for use in graduate and undergraduate courses, and will appeal to general readers interested in human nature, social cognition, and communication.

The Norms of Nature

Malcolm Schofield,Gisela Striker
The Norms of Nature Book PDF

Author : Malcolm Schofield,Gisela Striker
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2007-08-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521039886

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The Norms of Nature by Malcolm Schofield,Gisela Striker Pdf

Can moral philosophy alter our moral beliefs or our emotions? Does moral scepticism mean making up our own values, or does it leave us without moral commitments at all? Is it possible to find a basis for ethics in human nature? These are some of the main questions explored in this volume, which is devoted to the ethics of the Hellenistic schools of philosophy. Some of the leading scholars in the field have here taken a look at the bases of the Stoics' and Epicureans' thinking about what the Greeks took to be the central questions of philosophy. Their essays, which originated in a conference held at Bad Homburg in 1983, the third in a series of conferences on Hellenistic philosophy, propose important interpretations of the texts, and pose some fascinating problems about the different roles of argument and reason in ancient and modern moral philosophy. This book will be of interest to moral philosophers and to scholars of Greek philosophy too.

Nature and Normativity

Mark Okrent
Nature and Normativity Book PDF

Author : Mark Okrent
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0367886294

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Nature and Normativity by Mark Okrent Pdf

Nature and Normativity argues that the problem of the place of norms in nature has been essentially misunderstood when it has been articulated in terms of the relation of human language and thought, on the one hand, and the world described by physics on the other. Rather, if we concentrate on the facts that speaking and thinking are activities of organic agents, then the problem of the place of the normative in nature becomes refocused on three related questions. First, is there a sense in which biological processes and the behavior of organisms can be legitimately subject to normative evaluation? Second, is there some sense in which, in addition to having ordinary causal explanations, organic phenomena can also legitimately be seen to happen because they should happen in that way, in some naturalistically comprehensible sense of 'should', or that organic phenomena happen in order to achieve some result, because that result should occur? And third, is it possible to naturalistically understand how human thought and language can be legitimately seen as the normatively evaluable behavior of a particular species of organism, behavior that occurs in order to satisfy some class of norms? This book develops, articulates, and defends positive answers to each of these questions.

John McDowell

Jakob Lindgaard
John McDowell Book PDF

Author : Jakob Lindgaard
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2009-04-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781444306743

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John McDowell by Jakob Lindgaard Pdf

John McDowell: Experience, Norm, and Nature combinesoriginal essays by leading contemporary philosophers with point bypoint responses by McDowell himself to explore the central themesof one of the most innovative philosophers of our day. Provides original and critical essays examiningMcDowell’s reading and appropriation of Sellars, Kant, andHegel in his own philosophy Explores McDowell’s notions of perceptual experience andhis proposed rethinking of our conception of nature in light of thechallenges that reason and normativity introduce Includes an original essay by McDowell that includessignificant developments of his conception of perceptualexperience Offers thorough and penetrating responses by McDowell to hiscritics

Norm Contestation

Betcy Jose
Norm Contestation Book PDF

Author : Betcy Jose
Publisher : Springer
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2017-12-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319693231

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Norm Contestation by Betcy Jose Pdf

This Brief uses the theory of norm contestation as a model for understanding variation in norm-related behavior in international relations. While most typical approaches to understanding norms view norms as stable structures and actor responses to them as unquestioned, in a global political climate where departures from expected behavior may occur, a more nuanced model is needed. By using a norm contestation framework that highlights norm fluidity and actor agency, this book expands the discussion, providing insight into divergent interpretations of norm violation and compliance and the dynamic nature of norms. The first two chapters introduce the norm contestation model, explain how it contributes to the literature on norm violations, and discuss the reasons for the cases discussed. Chapters Three and Four provide detailed case studies of the mechanisms of norm contestation as they apply to the civilian immunity and non-intervention norms. Chapter Five concludes by reconnecting the norm contestation model to the case studies and describing how it can be applied to norms other than those regulating armed conflict. It also discusses policy implications and avenues for future research. As such, this book will appeal to students and researchers working broadly on issues related to international relations theory, armed conflict, security studies, humanitarianism, human rights, international law, and global governance. It will also be of interest to policy-makers and practitioners interested in influencing the normative behavior of actors in diverse arenas.

Understanding the EU’s Norm and Policy Diffusion in ASEAN through Trade and Security Cooperation

Xuechen Chen
Understanding the EU s Norm and Policy Diffusion in ASEAN through Trade and Security Cooperation Book PDF

Author : Xuechen Chen
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2024-02-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781003844723

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Understanding the EU’s Norm and Policy Diffusion in ASEAN through Trade and Security Cooperation by Xuechen Chen Pdf

This book examines the European Union’s (EU’s) norm and policy diffusion in relation to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). By looking at the EU’ engagement with ASEAN in trade and non-traditional security, the book analyzes the drivers, processes, and effectiveness of the EU’s norm and policy diffusion in ASEAN and explains the EU’s foreign policy and power projection in the context of its relationship with ASEAN. In doing so, it helps to advance knowledge about the EU’ external relations and power projection in relation to regional political entities beyond its immediate borders and affords firsthand empirical material on how the EU’s power in global politics is impacted by external perceptions and responses in different policy fields. This book will be of key interest to scholars, students, and practitioners of EU foreign policy, EU–SEAN relations, and ASEAN politics and more broadly to European Studies, Comparative Regionalism, Asian Studies, and International Relations

Léon Duguit and the Social Obligation Norm of Property

Paul Babie,Jessica Viven-Wilksch
L on Duguit and the Social Obligation Norm of Property Book PDF

Author : Paul Babie,Jessica Viven-Wilksch
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 419 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-07
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789811371899

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Léon Duguit and the Social Obligation Norm of Property by Paul Babie,Jessica Viven-Wilksch Pdf

This book demonstrates the importance of Léon Duguit for property theory in both the civil and common law world. It translates into English for the first time ever Duguit’s seminal lecture on property, the sixth of a series given in 1911 in Buenos Aires. It also collects essays from the leading experts on the social function of property in major civil and common law jurisdictions internationally. The book explores the importance that the notion of the social function of property has come to have not only in France but in the entire civil law tradition, and also considers the wide – if un-attributed and seldom regarded – influence in the common law tradition and theory of property.

Nature and Normativity

Mark Okrent
Nature and Normativity Book PDF

Author : Mark Okrent
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017-10-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351997157

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Nature and Normativity by Mark Okrent Pdf

Nature and Normativity argues that the problem of the place of norms in nature has been essentially misunderstood when it has been articulated in terms of the relation of human language and thought, on the one hand, and the world described by physics on the other. Rather, if we concentrate on the facts that speaking and thinking are activities of organic agents, then the problem of the place of the normative in nature becomes refocused on three related questions. First, is there a sense in which biological processes and the behavior of organisms can be legitimately subject to normative evaluation? Second, is there some sense in which, in addition to having ordinary causal explanations, organic phenomena can also legitimately be seen to happen because they should happen in that way, in some naturalistically comprehensible sense of ‘should’, or that organic phenomena happen in order to achieve some result, because that result should occur? And third, is it possible to naturalistically understand how human thought and language can be legitimately seen as the normatively evaluable behavior of a particular species of organism, behavior that occurs in order to satisfy some class of norms? This book develops, articulates, and defends positive answers to each of these questions.

Teleology and the Norms of Nature

William J. FitzPatrick
Teleology and the Norms of Nature Book PDF

Author : William J. FitzPatrick
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-25
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781136712678

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Teleology and the Norms of Nature by William J. FitzPatrick Pdf

This work is an examination of teleological attributions i.e. ascriptions of proper functions and natural ends) to the features and behavior of living things with a view to understanding their application to human life.

Inverting the Norm

Trevor N. Wedman
Inverting the Norm Book PDF

Author : Trevor N. Wedman
Publisher : Mohr Siebeck
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2022-11-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783161616914

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Inverting the Norm by Trevor N. Wedman Pdf

Trevor N. Wedman seeks to understand the key assumptions underlying modern legal theory. Going back to Hobbes, but also making use of the developments in the theory of action and language philosophy over the past century, he breaks down the static conception of the state into one dependent on the actions and reflections of individuals, i.e., its citizens. He develops a social ontological theory of the law, in which the law is not taken as a mere given, but as an institutional fact. He criticizes both the Kelsenian conception of the Basic Norm and the Hartian notion of the Rule of Recognition as failing to account for the agency of individuals. The author turns to the work of one of Kelsen's contemporaries, Felix Somlo, in order to develop an alternative conception of the law that operates not from the top down, but from the bottom up. In this way, the law itself comes into focus as that which results from the reasoned jurisprudential reflection on the reality of meanings and actions.

Creating Human Nature

Benjamin Gregg
Creating Human Nature Book PDF

Author : Benjamin Gregg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2022-10-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781108897525

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Creating Human Nature by Benjamin Gregg Pdf

Human genetic enhancement, examined from the standpoint of the new field of political bioethics, displaces the age-old question of truth: What is human nature? This book displaces that question with another: What kind of human nature should humans want to create for themselves? To answer that question, this book answers two others: What constraints should limit the applications of rapidly developing biotechnologies? What could possibly form the basis for corresponding public policy in a democratic society? Benjamin Gregg focuses on the distinctly political dimensions of human nature, where politics refers to competition among competing values on which to base public policy, legislation, and political culture. This book offers citizens of democratic communities a broad perspective on how they together might best approach urgent questions of how to deal with the socially and morally challenging potential for human genetic engineering.