Nature The Exotic And The Science Of French Colonialism

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Nature, the Exotic, and the Science of French Colonialism

Michael A. Osborne
Nature the Exotic and the Science of French Colonialism Book PDF

Author : Michael A. Osborne
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015032561048

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Nature, the Exotic, and the Science of French Colonialism by Michael A. Osborne Pdf

The colonization of Algeria in the nineteenth century was premised on the belief that Europeans, as well as non-indigenous animals and plants, could acclimatize to life in North Africa. While traditional French science showed little interest in such practical matters as attempting to adapt exotic plants and animals to new environments, support came from the Societe zoologique d'acclimatation - the ""French Sierra Club"" - whose story is the subject of this book. Because its work was politically useful in support of France's colonial ambitions in Algeria and elsewhere, the Society found favor with Napoleon III's government, and its influence was soon widespread. For example, the Society fostered the creation of nature preserves in Africa and zoos in Paris, and its ideas changed the research agendas of pure science as well. In this major study of how the acquisition of empire affected French science, Michael A. Osborne treats in turn the founding of the Society and its evolution to 1920; its monument to Napoleon III's ""modern"" Paris, the Jardin zoologique d'acclimatation; the Society's core scientific ideology of Lamarckian transformation; the history of provincial acclimatization societies in Nancy and Grenoble; and the Society's activities in the colonies of the new French empire. An important study of the patronage and politics of science, this book offers new insights for students of environmentalism, science history and policy, and modern European history.

The Emergence of Tropical Medicine in France

Michael A. Osborne
The Emergence of Tropical Medicine in France Book PDF

Author : Michael A. Osborne
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2014-03-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9780226114668

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The Emergence of Tropical Medicine in France by Michael A. Osborne Pdf

The Emergence of Tropical Medicine in France examines the turbulent history of the ideas, people, and institutions of French colonial and tropical medicine from their early modern origins through World War I. Until the 1890s colonial medicine was in essence naval medicine, taught almost exclusively in a system of provincial medical schools built by the navy in the port cities of Brest, Rochefort-sur-Mer, Toulon, and Bordeaux. Michael A. Osborne draws out this separate species of French medicine by examining the histories of these schools and other institutions in the regional and municipal contexts of port life. Each site was imbued with its own distinct sensibilities regarding diet, hygiene, ethnicity, and race, all of which shaped medical knowledge and practice in complex and heretofore unrecognized ways. Osborne argues that physicians formulated localized concepts of diseases according to specific climatic and meteorological conditions, and assessed, diagnosed, and treated patients according to their ethnic and cultural origins. He also demonstrates that regions, more so than a coherent nation, built the empire and specific medical concepts and practices. Thus, by considering tropical medicine’s distinctive history, Osborne brings to light a more comprehensive and nuanced view of French medicine, medical geography, and race theory, all the while acknowledging the navy’s crucial role in combating illness and investigating the racial dimensions of health.

Colonial Food in Interwar Paris

Lauren Janes
Colonial Food in Interwar Paris Book PDF

Author : Lauren Janes
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2016-02-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9781472592842

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Colonial Food in Interwar Paris by Lauren Janes Pdf

In the wake of the First World War, in which France suffered severe food shortages, colonial produce became an increasingly important element of the French diet. The colonial lobby seized upon these foodstuffs as powerful symbols of the importance of the colonial project to the life of the French nation. But how was colonial food really received by the French public? And what does this tell us about the place of empire in French society? In Colonial Food in Interwar Paris, Lauren Janes disputes the claim that empire was central to French history and identity, arguing that the distrust of colonial food reflected a wider disinterest in the empire. From Indochinese rice to North African grains and tropical fruit to curry powder, this book offers an intriguing and original challenge to current orthodoxy about the centrality of empire to modern France by examining the place of colonial foods in the nation's capital.

Colonial Culture in France since the Revolution

Pascal Blanchard,Sandrine Lemaire,Nicolas Bancel,Dominic Thomas
Colonial Culture in France since the Revolution Book PDF

Author : Pascal Blanchard,Sandrine Lemaire,Nicolas Bancel,Dominic Thomas
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 644 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2013-12-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9780253010537

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Colonial Culture in France since the Revolution by Pascal Blanchard,Sandrine Lemaire,Nicolas Bancel,Dominic Thomas Pdf

This landmark collection by an international group of scholars and public intellectuals represents a major reassessment of French colonial culture and how it continues to inform thinking about history, memory, and identity. This reexamination of French colonial culture, provides the basis for a revised understanding of its cultural, political, and social legacy and its lasting impact on postcolonial immigration, the treatment of ethnic minorities, and national identity.

Science in the Twentieth Century

John Krige,Dominique Pestre
Science in the Twentieth Century Book PDF

Author : John Krige,Dominique Pestre
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 986 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2013-11-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134406937

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Science in the Twentieth Century by John Krige,Dominique Pestre Pdf

With over forty chapters, written by leading scholars, this comprehensive volume represents the best work in America, Europe, and Asia. Geographical diversity of the authors is reflected in the different perspectives devoted to the subject, and all major disciplinary developments are covered. There are also sections concerning the countries that have made the most significant contributions, the relationship between science and industry, the importance of instrumentation, and the cultural influence of scientific modes of thought. Students and professionals will come to appreciate how, and why, science has developed - as with any other human activity, it is subject to the dynamics of society and politics.

Companion Encyclopedia of Science in the Twentieth Century

John Krige,Dominique Pestre
Companion Encyclopedia of Science in the Twentieth Century Book PDF

Author : John Krige,Dominique Pestre
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 988 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9781136483394

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Companion Encyclopedia of Science in the Twentieth Century by John Krige,Dominique Pestre Pdf

With over forty chapters, written by leading scholars, this comprehensive volume represents the best work in America, Europe and Asia. Geographical diversity of the authors is reflected in the different perspectives devoted to the subject, and all major disciplinary developments are covered. There are also sections concerning the countries that have made the most significant contributions, the relationship between science and industry, the importance of instrumentation, and the cultural influence of scientific modes of thought. Students and professionals will come to appreciate how, and why, science has developed - as with any other human activity, it is subject to the dynamics of society and politics.

Natural Interests

Caroline Ford
Natural Interests Book PDF

Author : Caroline Ford
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674968899

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Natural Interests by Caroline Ford Pdf

Challenging the conventional trope that French environmentalism arose after WWII, Caroline Ford argues that a broad environmental consciousness emerged in France much earlier. In response to war, natural disasters, and imperialism, the bourgeoisie, along with politicians, engineers, naturalists, writers, and painters, took up environmental causes.

The Blood of the Colony

Owen White
The Blood of the Colony Book PDF

Author : Owen White
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2021-01-12
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674248441

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The Blood of the Colony by Owen White Pdf

The surprising story of the wine industry’s role in the rise of French Algeria and the fall of empire. “We owe to wine a blessing far more precious than gold: the peopling of Algeria with Frenchmen,” stated agriculturist Pierre Berthault in the early 1930s. In the last decades of the nineteenth century, Europeans had displaced Algerians from the colony’s best agricultural land and planted grapevines. Soon enough, wine was the primary export of a region whose mostly Muslim inhabitants didn’t drink alcohol. Settlers made fortunes while drawing large numbers of Algerians into salaried work for the first time. But the success of Algerian wine resulted in friction with French producers, challenging the traditional view that imperial possessions should complement, not compete with, the metropole. By the middle of the twentieth century, amid the fight for independence, Algerians had come to see the rows of vines as an especially hated symbol of French domination. After the war, Algerians had to decide how far they would go to undo the transformations the colonists had wrought—including the world’s fourth-biggest wine industry. Owen White examines Algeria’s experiment with nationalized wine production in worker-run vineyards, the pressures that resulted in the failure of that experiment, and the eventual uprooting of most of the country’s vines. With a special focus on individual experiences of empire, from the wealthiest Europeans to the poorest laborers in the fields, The Blood of the Colony shows the central role of wine in the economic life of French Algeria and in its settler culture. White makes clear that the industry left a long-term mark on the development of the nation.

The French Colonial Mind: Mental maps of empire and colonial encounters

Martin Thomas
The French Colonial Mind Mental maps of empire and colonial encounters Book PDF

Author : Martin Thomas
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780803220935

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The French Colonial Mind: Mental maps of empire and colonial encounters by Martin Thomas Pdf

What made France into an imperialist nation, ruler of a global empire with millions of dependent subjects overseas? Historians have sought answers to this question in the nation?s political situation at home and abroad, its socioeconomic circumstances, and its international ambitions. But all these motivating factors depended on other, less tangible forces, namely, the prevailing attitudes of the day and their influence among those charged with acquiring or administering a colonial empire. The French Colonial Mind explores these mindsets to illuminate the nature of French imperialism. ø The first of two linked volumes, Mental Maps of Empire and Colonial Encountersøbrings together fifteen leading scholars of French colonial history to investigate the origins and outcomes of imperialist ideas among France?s most influential ?empire-makers.? Considering French colonial experiences in Africa and Southeast Asia, the authors identify the processes that made Frenchmen and women into ardent imperialists. By focusing on attitudes, presumptions, and prejudices, these essays connect the derivation of ideas about empire, colonized peoples, and concepts of civilization with the forms and practices of French imperialism in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The contributors to The French Colonial Mind place the formation and the derivation of colonialist thinking at the heart of this history of imperialism.

Imperialism and Science

George N. Vlahakis,Isabel Maria Coelho de Oliveira Malaquias,Nathan M. Brooks,M. Francois Regourd,Feza Gunergun,David Wright
Imperialism and Science Book PDF

Author : George N. Vlahakis,Isabel Maria Coelho de Oliveira Malaquias,Nathan M. Brooks,M. Francois Regourd,Feza Gunergun,David Wright
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2006-04-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781851096787

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Imperialism and Science by George N. Vlahakis,Isabel Maria Coelho de Oliveira Malaquias,Nathan M. Brooks,M. Francois Regourd,Feza Gunergun,David Wright Pdf

A unique resource that synthesizes existing primary and secondary sources to provide a fascinating introduction to the development and dissemination of science within history's great empires, as well as the complex interaction between imperialism and scientific progress over two centuries. Imperialism and Science is a scholarly yet accessible chronicle of the impact of imperialism on science over the past 200 years, from the effect of Catholicism on scientific progress in Latin America to the importance of U.S. government funding of scientific research to America's preeminent place in the world. Spanning two centuries of scientific advance throughout the age of empire, Imperialism and Science sheds new light on the spread of scientific thought throughout the former colonial world. Science made enormous advances during this period, often being associated with anti-Imperialist struggle or, as in the case of the science brought to 19th-century China and India by the British, with Western cultural hegemony.

The Green Menace

Jordan D. Marché II
The Green Menace Book PDF

Author : Jordan D. Marché II
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780190668938

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The Green Menace by Jordan D. Marché II Pdf

This volume is an account of the scientific and social responses made to the discovery of an invasive forest insect -- the emerald ash borer or EAB (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, 1888) -- in North America, that was formally announced in July 2002. Since its recognition, this wood-boring beetle has become one of the most destructive and costly exotic species ever encountered. More than $300 million in federal USDA-APHIS funds (alone) have been devoted to battling this pest, which has killed some tens of millions of ash trees, chiefly within southeastern Michigan and surrounding states. EAB has now been found in 28 states and two Canadian provinces. But those numbers are almost certain to keep growing in coming years. While primarily a case study, this work nonetheless examines larger issues concerning invasive species as a whole, their inadvertent transport and worldwide spread through the rise of globalization, regulations that have been adopted to prevent their introduction, and the successes or failures of state and federal agencies to try and enforce those regulations. It offers the first general work of its kind to appear on the ash borer that is directed towards a broad audience including the public, entomologists and foresters, environmentalists and ecologists, researchers, regulators, and indeed anyone who wishes to learn more about this important and timely topic. No previous knowledge of EAB or invasion biology is assumed. This book covers all of the major aspects of scientific research and management that have occurred since EAB was recognized in 2002. It is thoroughly researched and draws from the best available data and sources, which represent (a) archival materials; (b) scholarly publications and conference proceedings; (c) interviews conducted with leading participants in the EAB program; (d) selected newspaper/magazine articles; and (e) reputable sources found on the Internet (e.g., USDA-APHIS).

The Routledge Handbook of Science and Empire

Andrew Goss
The Routledge Handbook of Science and Empire Book PDF

Author : Andrew Goss
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2021-07-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000404852

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The Routledge Handbook of Science and Empire by Andrew Goss Pdf

The focus of this volume is the history of imperial science between 1600 and 1960, although some essays reach back prior to 1600 and the section about decolonization includes post-1960 material. Each contributed chapter, written by an expert in the field, provides an analytical review essay of the field, while also providing an overview of the topic. There is now a rich literature developed by historians of science as well as scholars of empire demonstrating the numerous ways science and empire grew together, especially between 1600 and 1960.

The Ashgate Research Companion to Modern Imperial Histories

John Marriott
The Ashgate Research Companion to Modern Imperial Histories Book PDF

Author : John Marriott
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 943 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2016-03-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317042518

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The Ashgate Research Companion to Modern Imperial Histories by John Marriott Pdf

Written by leading scholars, this collection provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview of modern empires. Spanning the era of modern imperial history from the early sixteenth century to the present, it challenges both the rather insular focuses on specific experiences, and gives due attention to imperial formations outside the West including the Russian, Japanese, Mughal, Ottoman and Chinese. The companion is divided into three broad sections. Part I - Times - surveys the three main eras of modern imperialism. The first was that dominated by the settlement impulse, with migrants - many voluntarily and many more by force - making new lives in the colonies. This impulse gave way, most especially in the nineteenth century, to a period of busy and rapid expansion which was less likely to promote new settlement, and in which colonists more frequently saw their sojourn in colonial lands as temporary and related to the business mostly of governance and trade. Lastly, in the twentieth century in particular, empires began to fail and to fall. Part II - Spaces - studies the principal imperial formations of the modern world. Each chapter charts the experience of a specific empire while at the same time placing it within the complex patterns of wider imperial constellations. The individual chapters thus survey the broad dynamics of change within the empires themselves and their relationships with other imperial formations, and reflect critically on the ways in which these topics have been approached in the literature. In Part III - Themes - scholars think critically about some of the key features of imperial expansion and decline. These chapters are brief and many are provocative. They reflect the current state of the field, and suggest new lines of inquiry which may follow from more comparative perspectives on empire. The broad range of themes captures the vitality and diversity of contemporary scholarship on questions of empire and colonialism, encompassing political, economic and cultural processes central to the formation and maintenance of empires as well as institutions, ideologies and social categories that shaped the lives both of those implementing and those experiencing the force of empire. In these pages the reader will find the slave and the criminal, the merchant and the maid, the scientist and the artist alongside the structures which sustained their lives and their livelihoods. Overall, the companion emphasises the diversity of imperial experience and process. Comprehensive in its scope, it draws attention to the particularities of individual empires, rather than over-generalising as if all empires, at all times, and in all places, behaved in a similar manner. It is this contingent and historical specificity that enables us to explore in expansive ways precisely what constituted the modern empire.

Anthropology, Colonial Policy and the Decline of French Empire in Africa

Douglas W. Leonard
Anthropology Colonial Policy and the Decline of French Empire in Africa Book PDF

Author : Douglas W. Leonard
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781786726131

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Anthropology, Colonial Policy and the Decline of French Empire in Africa by Douglas W. Leonard Pdf

Conceived as both a vehicle to national prestige and as a civilizing mission, the second French colonial empire (1830-1962) challenged soldiers, scholars, and administrators to understand societies radically different from their own. The resultant networks of anthropological inquiry, however, did not have this effect. Rather, they opened pathways to political and intellectual independence framed in the language of social science, and in the process upended the colonial political system and reshaped the nature of human inquiry in France. While still unequal, French colonial rule in Africa revealed the durability and strength of non-European modes of thought. In this influential new study, historian Douglas W. Leonard examines the political and intellectual repercussions of French efforts to understand and to dominate colonial Africa through the use of anthropology. From General Louis Faidherbe in the 1840s to politician Jacques Soustelle and sociologist Pierre Bourdieu in the 1950s, these French thinkers sowed the seeds of colonial destruction.

Companion to Science in the Twentieth Century

John Krige,Dominique Pestre
Companion to Science in the Twentieth Century Book PDF

Author : John Krige,Dominique Pestre
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 988 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : History
ISBN : 0415286069

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Companion to Science in the Twentieth Century by John Krige,Dominique Pestre Pdf

This work on science in the 20th century represents work in America, Europe and Asia. It includes such topics as the countries that have made the most significant contributions, the relationship between science and industry and the importance of instrumentation.