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Neolithic Stone Extraction in Britain and Europe

Peter Topping

Author : Peter Topping
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781789257083

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Neolithic Stone Extraction in Britain and Europe by Peter Topping Pdf

This new title in the acclaimed Prehistoric Society Research Papers series focuses on the introduction of Neolithic extraction practices across Europe through to the Atlantic periphery of Britain and Ireland. The key research questions are when and why these practices were adopted, and what role extraction sites played in Neolithic society. Neolithic mines and quarries have frequently been seen as fulfilling economic roles linked to the expansion of the Neolithic economy. However, this ignores the fact that many communities chose to selectively dig for certain types of stone in preference to others, and why the products from these sites were generally deposited in special places such as wetlands. To address this question, 168 near-global ethnographic studies were analysed to identify common trends in traditional extraction practises to produce robust statistics about their motivations and material signatures. Repeated associations emerged between storied locations, the organisation of extraction practises, long-distance distribution of products, and the material evidence such activities left behind. This suggests that we can now probably identify mythologised/storied sites, seasonality, ritualised extraction, and the uselife of extraction site products. The ethnographic model was tested against data from 223 near-global archaeological extraction sites which confirmed a similar patterning in both material records, suggesting it can be used to interpret broad trends in many cross-cultural contexts and time periods. Finally, the new ethnoarchaeological model has been used to analyse the social context of 79 Neolithic flint mine and 51 axe quarry excavations in Britain and Ireland, and to review their European origins. The evidence which emerges confirms the pivotal role played by Neolithic extraction practices in European Neolithisation, and that the interaction of indigenous foragers with migrant miner/farmers in Britain, Ireland and elsewhere was fundamental to the adoption of the new agro-pastoral lifestyle.

Mining and Quarrying in Neolithic Europe

Anne Teather,Peter Topping,Jon Baczkowski

Author : Anne Teather,Peter Topping,Jon Baczkowski
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2019-06-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781789251494

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Mining and Quarrying in Neolithic Europe by Anne Teather,Peter Topping,Jon Baczkowski Pdf

The social processes involved in acquiring flint and stone in the Neolithic began to be considered over thirty years ago, promoting a more dynamic view of past extraction processes. Whether by quarrying, mining or surface retrieval, the geographic source locations of raw materials and their resultant archaeological sites have been approached from different methodological and theoretical perspectives. In recent years this has included the exploration of previously undiscovered sites, refined radiocarbon dating, comparative ethnographic analysis and novel analytical approaches to stone tool manufacture and provenancing. The aim of this volume in the Neolithic Studies Group Papers is to explore these new findings on extraction sites and their products. How did the acquisition of raw materials fit into other aspects of Neolithic life and social networks? How did these activities merge in creating material items that underpinned cosmology, status and identity? What are the geographic similarities, constraints and variables between the various raw materials, and how does the practise of stone extraction in the UK relate to wider extractive traditions in northwestern Europe? Eight papers address these questions and act as a useful overview of the current state of research on the topic.

The Drowning of a Cornish Prehistoric Landscape

Andy M. Jones,Michael J. Allen

Author : Andy M. Jones,Michael J. Allen
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781789259247

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The Drowning of a Cornish Prehistoric Landscape by Andy M. Jones,Michael J. Allen Pdf

Between 2018 and 2019, Cornwall Archaeological Unit undertook two projects at Mounts Bay, Penwith. The first involved the excavation of a Bronze Age barrow and the second, environmental augur core sampling in Marazion Marsh. Both sites lie within an area of coastal hinterland, which has been subject to incursions by rising sea levels. Since the Mesolithic, an area of approximately 1 kilometer in extent between the current shoreline and St Michaels Mount has been lost to gradually rising sea levels. With current climate change, this process is likely to occur at an increasing rate. Given their proximity, the opportunity was taken to draw the results from the two projects together along with all available existing environmental data from the area. For the first time, the results from all previous palaeoenvironmental projects in the Mounts Bay area have been brought together. Evidence for coastal change and sea level rise is discussed and a model for the drowning landscape presented. In addition to modeling the loss of land and describing the environment over time, social responses including the wider context of the Bronze Age barrow and later Bronze Age metalwork deposition in the Mounts Bay environs are considered. The effects of the gradual loss of land are discussed in terms of how change is perceived, its effects on community resilience, and the construction of social memory and narratives of place. The volume presents the potential for nationally significant environmental data to survive, which demonstrates the long-term effects of climate change and rising sea levels, and peoples responses to these over time.

Extracting Stone

Anne S. Dowd,Mary Beth D. Trubitt

Author : Anne S. Dowd,Mary Beth D. Trubitt
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2024-04-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781785706271

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Extracting Stone by Anne S. Dowd,Mary Beth D. Trubitt Pdf

A comprehensive view of quarrying activities from three key regions in North America. This exciting new addition to the the American Landscapes series provides an in-depth account of how flintknappers obtained and used stone based on archaeological, geological, landscape, and anthropological data. Featuring case studies from three key regions in North America, this book gives readers a comprehensive view of quarrying activities ranging from extracting the raw material to creating finished stone tools. Quarry landscapes were some of the first large-scale land modification efforts among early peoples in the New World. The chronological time periods covered by quarrying activities, show that most intensive use took place during parts of the Archaic and Woodland periods or between roughly 4000–1000 years ago when denser populations existed, but use began as early as the Paleoindian Period, about 13,000–9000 years ago, and ended in the Historic or Protohistoric periods, when colonists and Native Americans mined chert for gunflints and sharpening stones or abrasives. From the procurement systems approach common in the 1980s and 1990s, archaeologists can now employ a landscape approach to quarry studies in tandem with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) computer mapping and digital analysis, Light and RADAR (LiDAR) airborne laser scanning for recording topography, or high resolution satellite imagery. Authors Dowd and Trubitt show how sites functioned in a broad landscape context, which site locations or raw material types were preferred and why, what cultures were responsible for innovative or intensive quarry resource extraction, as well as how land use changed over time. Besides discussions of the way that industrialists used natural resources to change their technology by means of manufacture, trade, and exchange, examples are given of heritage sites that people can visit in the United States and Canada.

The Megalithic Monuments of Britain and Ireland

Christopher Scarre

Author : Christopher Scarre
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Social Science
ISBN : IND:30000117251607

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The Megalithic Monuments of Britain and Ireland by Christopher Scarre Pdf

From Stonehenge to Newgrange, one of the richest arrays of megalithic monuments in Europe is found in Britain and Ireland. Using massive stone blocks, timber posts and mounds of earth or chalk, the people of these islands built great monuments from the beginning of the Neolithic and the arrival of pottery and farming some 6000 years ago down into the Bronze Age. The number and sheer diversity of these structures is astonishing. Stone circles and chambered tombs, burial mounds and earthwork enclosures, henges and cursus monuments, all belong to the same general category of monumental prehistoric architecture. Tombs, sanctuaries, places of cult and of memory: these Neolithic monuments had numerous functions in prehistoric societies. Transforming the lanscape, such grand structures must have represented for their communities a particular way of responding to changing social and symbolic needs, whether processing the dead, gathering for ceremonies, or embellishing locations that were of sacred significance. Organized by geographical area this authoritative overview is ideal for traveller and student alike.

Prehistoric Flint Mines in Europe

Françoise Bostyn,Jacek Lech,Alan Saville,Dagmara H. Werra

Author : Françoise Bostyn,Jacek Lech,Alan Saville,Dagmara H. Werra
Publisher : Archaeopress Publishing Ltd
Page : 522 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2023-11-09
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781803272221

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Prehistoric Flint Mines in Europe by Françoise Bostyn,Jacek Lech,Alan Saville,Dagmara H. Werra Pdf

This volume offers a review of major flint mines dating from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age. The 18 articles were contributed by archaeologists from Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain and Sweden, using the same framework to propose a uniform view of the mining phenomenon.

Monumentalising Life in the Neolithic

Anne Birgitte Gebaer,Lasse Sørensen,Anne Teather,António Carlos Valera

Author : Anne Birgitte Gebaer,Lasse Sørensen,Anne Teather,António Carlos Valera
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781789254976

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Monumentalising Life in the Neolithic by Anne Birgitte Gebaer,Lasse Sørensen,Anne Teather,António Carlos Valera Pdf

One of the principal characteristics of the European Neolithic is the development of monumentality in association with innovations in material culture and changes in subsistence from hunting and gathering to farming and pastoralism. The papers in this volume discuss the latest insights into why monumental architecture became an integral part of early farming societies in Europe and beyond. One of the topics is how we define monuments and how our arguments and recent research on temporality impacts on our interpretation of the Neolithic period. Different interpretations of Göbekli Tepe are examples of this discussion as well as our understanding of special landmarks such as flint mines. The latest evidence on the economic and paleoenvironmental context, carbon 14 dates as well as analytical methods are employed in illuminating the emergence of monumentalism in Neolithic Europe. Studies are taking place on a macro and micro scale in areas as diverse as Great Britain, Denmark, Sweden, Poland, Germany, the Dutch wetlands, Portugal and Malta involving a range of monuments from long barrows and megalithic tombs to roundels and enclosures. Transformation from a natural to a built environment by monumentalizing part of the landscape is discussed as well as changes in megalithic architecture in relation to shifts in the social structure. An ethnographic study of megaliths in Nagaland discuss monument building as an act of social construction. Other studies look into the role of monuments as expressions of cosmology and active loci of ceremonial performances. Also, a couple of papers analyse the social processes in the transformation of society in the aftermath of the initial boom in monument construction and the related changes in subsistence and social structure in northern Europe. The aim of the publication is to explore different theories about the relationship between monumentality and the Neolithic way of life through these studies encompassing a wide range of types of monuments over vast areas of Europe and beyond.

Repeopling La Manche

Matthew Pope,Rebecca Scott,Andrew Shaw,Katharine Scott

Author : Matthew Pope,Rebecca Scott,Andrew Shaw,Katharine Scott
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2023-07-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781789251555

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Repeopling La Manche by Matthew Pope,Rebecca Scott,Andrew Shaw,Katharine Scott Pdf

The current geography of north-west Europe, from the perspective of long term Pleistocene climate change, is temporary. The seaways that separate southern Britain from northern France comprise a flooded landscape open to occupation by hunter-gatherers for large parts of the 0.5 million years since the English Channel’s formation. While much of this record is now inaccessible to systematic archaeological investigation it is critical that we consider past human societies in the region in terms of access to, inhabitation in, and exploitation of this landscape. This latest volume of the acclaimed Prehistoric Society Research Papers provides a starting point for approaching the Middle Palaeolithic record of the English Channel region and considering the ecological opportunities and behavioural constraints this landscape offered to Neanderthal groups in north-west Europe. The volume reviews the Middle Palaeolithic archaeological record along the fringes of La Manche in northern France and southern Britain. It examines this record in light of recent advances in quaternary stratigraphy, science-based dating, and palaeoecology and explores how Palaeolithic archaeology in the region has developed in an interdisciplinary way to transform our understanding of Neanderthal behaviour. Focusing in detail on a particular sub-region of this landscape, the Normano-Breton Gulf, the volume presents the results of recent research focused on exceptionally productive coastal capture points for Neanderthal archaeology. In turn the long-term behavioural record of La Cotte de St Brelade is presented and explored, offering a key to changing Neanderthal behaviour. Aspects of movement into and through these landscape, changing technological and raw material procurement strategies, hunting patterns and site structures are presented as accessible behaviours which change at site and landscape scales in response to changing climate, sea level and ecology over the last 250,000 years.

Interpreting the Axe Trade

Richard Bradley,Mark Edmonds

Author : Richard Bradley,Mark Edmonds
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2005-02-17
Category : History
ISBN : 0521619378

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Interpreting the Axe Trade by Richard Bradley,Mark Edmonds Pdf

Interpreting the Axe Trade documents the changing character and context of stone axe production and exchange in the British Neolithic. Drawing on a variety of studies, the authors explore some of the problems and potentials that attend archaeological discussions of exchange at both a theoretical and a methodological level. Out of this critique arises an argument for an integrated approach to the production, circulation and consumption of past material - an approach which acknowledges the subtle and complex roles that 'things' may play in the reproduction of social life. These arguments provide the basis for a case study which explores the links between the social contexts within which Neolithic stone axes circulated in Britain, and the social and material conditions under which those objects were originally produced. Field survey, excavation and detailed technological studies at the largest stone axe source in Britain are set alongside analyses of the changing character and social context of axe circulation and deposition across the country as a whole. These different analytical threads are then woven together in the final section of the book, where the authors suggest that the patterns explored in the course of their work reflect major changes in the nature of social life during the Neolithic.

The Neolithic of Britain and Ireland

Vicki Cummings

Author : Vicki Cummings
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2017-05-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317514275

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The Neolithic of Britain and Ireland by Vicki Cummings Pdf

The Neolithic of Britain and Ireland provides a synthesis of this dynamic period of prehistory from the end of the Mesolithic through to the early Beaker period. Drawing on new excavations and the application of new scientific approaches to data from this period, this book considers both life and death in the Neolithic. It offers a clear and concise introduction to this period but with an emphasis on the wider and on-going research questions. It is an important text for students new to the study of this period of prehistory as well as acting as a reference for students and scholars already researching this area. The book begins by considering the Mesolithic prelude, specifically the millennium prior to the start of the Neolithic in Britain and Ireland. It then goes on to consider what life was like for people at the time, alongside the monumental record and how people treated the dead. This is presented chronologically, with separate chapters on the early Neolithic, middle Neolithic, late Neolithic and early Beaker periods. Finally it considers future research priorities for the study of the Neolithic.

Stonehenge for the Ancestors. Part 2

Mike Parker Pearson,Joshua Pollard,Chris Tilley,Colin Richards

Author : Mike Parker Pearson,Joshua Pollard,Chris Tilley,Colin Richards
Publisher : Stonehenge Riverside Project
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2020-09-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9088907056

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Stonehenge for the Ancestors. Part 2 by Mike Parker Pearson,Joshua Pollard,Chris Tilley,Colin Richards Pdf

For many centuries, scholars and enthusiasts have been fascinated by Stonehenge, the world's most famous stone circle. In 2003 a team of archaeologists commenced a long-term fieldwork project for the first time in decades. The Stonehenge Riverside Project (2003-2009) aimed to investigate the purpose of this unique prehistoric monument by considering it within its wider archaeological context.This is the second of four volumes which present the results of that campaign. It includes studies of the lithics from excavations, both from topsoil sampling and from excavated features, as well as of the petrography of the famous bluestones, as identified from chippings recovered during excavations. Other specialist syntheses are those of the land mollusca. The volume provides an overview of Stonehenge in its landscape over millennia from before the monument was built to the last of its five constructional stages. It concludes with a chapter placing Stonehenge in its full context within Britain and western Europe during the third millennium BC.With contributions by:Umberto Albarella, Michael Allen, Richard Bevins, Benjamin Chan, Robert Ixer, Claudia Minniti, Doug Mitcham and Sarah Viner-Daniels

Neolithic Britain

Rodney Castleden

Author : Rodney Castleden
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2014-10-24
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317606666

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Neolithic Britain by Rodney Castleden Pdf

The climax of the Stone Age in Britain, the Neolithic period (4700-2000BC), was a period of startling achievement. The British Isles are rich in Neolithic sites, which give us evidence of a complex and surprisingly developed archaic society. The author surveys 1100 secular and ceremonial sites in Britain, selecting some for detailed explanation; from these a sense of the diversity and dynamism of the living Neolithic communities emerges. He presents a comprehensive, profusely illustrated and up-to-date view of the Neolithic, organised by county. Archaeologists and prehistorians will find this book of interest and it should prove indispensable to students of archaeology as a source of information about the British Neolithic.

Mining and Quarrying in Neolithic Europe

Anne Teather,Peter Topping,Jon Baczkowski

Author : Anne Teather,Peter Topping,Jon Baczkowski
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019-06-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781789251517

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Mining and Quarrying in Neolithic Europe by Anne Teather,Peter Topping,Jon Baczkowski Pdf

The social processes involved in acquiring flint and stone in the Neolithic began to be considered over thirty years ago, promoting a more dynamic view of past extraction processes. Whether by quarrying, mining or surface retrieval, the geographic source locations of raw materials and their resultant archaeological sites have been approached from different methodological and theoretical perspectives. In recent years this has included the exploration of previously undiscovered sites, refined radiocarbon dating, comparative ethnographic analysis and novel analytical approaches to stone tool manufacture and provenancing. The aim of this volume in the Neolithic Studies Group Papers is to explore these new findings on extraction sites and their products. How did the acquisition of raw materials fit into other aspects of Neolithic life and social networks? How did these activities merge in creating material items that underpinned cosmology, status and identity? What are the geographic similarities, constraints and variables between the various raw materials, and how does the practise of stone extraction in the UK relate to wider extractive traditions in northwestern Europe? Eight papers address these questions and act as a useful overview of the current state of research on the topic.

Stone Tools & Society

Mark Edmonds

Author : Mark Edmonds
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2012-11-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781135123208

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Stone Tools & Society by Mark Edmonds Pdf

Stone tools are the most durable and, in some cases, the only category of material evidence that students of prehistory have at their disposal. Exploring the changing character and context of stone tools in Neolithic and Bronze Age Britain, Mark Edmonds examines the varied ways in which these artefacts were caught up in the fabric of past social life. Key themes include:stone tool procurement and production * the nature of technological traditions * stone tools and social identity * the nature of exchange and the significance of depositional practices. As well as contributing to current debate about the interpretation of material culture, Dr. Edmonds uses the evidence of stone tools to reconsider some of the major horizons of change in later British prehistory.From the production of tools at spectacularly located quarries to their ceremonial burial or destruction at ritual monuments, this well-illustrated study demonstrates that our understanding of these varied and sometimes enigmatic artefacts requires a concern with their social, as well as their practical dimensions.

The Prehistory of Britain and Ireland

Richard Bradley

Author : Richard Bradley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2019-05-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108419925

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The Prehistory of Britain and Ireland by Richard Bradley Pdf

Highlights the achievements of prehistoric people in Britain and Ireland over a 5,000 year period.

Neolithic Stone Extraction In Britain And Europe

Neolithic Stone Extraction in Britain and Europe by Peter Topping Pdf

Mining and Quarrying in Neolithic Europe by Anne Teather,Peter Topping,Jon Baczkowski Pdf

The Drowning of a Cornish Prehistoric Landscape by Andy M. Jones,Michael J. Allen Pdf

Extracting Stone by Anne S. Dowd,Mary Beth D. Trubitt Pdf

The Megalithic Monuments of Britain and Ireland by Christopher Scarre Pdf

Prehistoric Flint Mines in Europe by Françoise Bostyn,Jacek Lech,Alan Saville,Dagmara H. Werra Pdf

Monumentalising Life in the Neolithic by Anne Birgitte Gebaer,Lasse Sørensen,Anne Teather,António Carlos Valera Pdf

Repeopling La Manche by Matthew Pope,Rebecca Scott,Andrew Shaw,Katharine Scott Pdf

Interpreting the Axe Trade by Richard Bradley,Mark Edmonds Pdf

The Neolithic of Britain and Ireland by Vicki Cummings Pdf

Stonehenge for the Ancestors. Part 2 by Mike Parker Pearson,Joshua Pollard,Chris Tilley,Colin Richards Pdf

Neolithic Britain by Rodney Castleden Pdf

Mining and Quarrying in Neolithic Europe by Anne Teather,Peter Topping,Jon Baczkowski Pdf

Stone Tools & Society by Mark Edmonds Pdf

The Prehistory of Britain and Ireland by Richard Bradley Pdf

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