Neuroscience Of Nicotine

Author : Victor R. Preedy
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 566 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2019-03-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128130360

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Neuroscience of Nicotine by Victor R. Preedy Pdf

Neuroscience of Nicotine: Mechanisms and Treatment presents the fundamental information necessary for a thorough understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of nicotine addiction and its effects on the brain. Offering thorough coverage of all aspects of nicotine research, treatment, policy and prevention, and containing contributions from internationally recognized experts, the book provides students, early-career researchers, and investigators at all levels with a fundamental introduction to all aspects of nicotine misuse. With an estimated one billion individuals worldwide classified as tobacco users—and tobacco use often being synonymous with nicotine addiction—nicotine is one of the world’s most common addictive substances, and a frequent comorbidity of misuse of other common addictive substances. Nicotine alters a variety of neurological processes, from molecular biology, to cognition, and quitting is exceedingly difficult because of the number of withdrawal symptoms that accompany the process. Integrates cutting-edge research on the pharmacological, cellular and molecular aspects of nicotine use, along with its effects on neurobiological function Discusses nicotine use as a component of dual-use and poly addictions and outlines numerous screening and treatment strategies for misuse Covers both the physical and psychological effects of nicotine use and withdrawal to provide a fully-formed view of nicotine dependency and its effects

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 728 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UCSD:31822037817723

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How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by Anonim Pdf

This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

Author : Jack E. Henningfield,Edythe London,Sakire Pogun
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 545 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2009-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783540692485

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Nicotine Psychopharmacology by Jack E. Henningfield,Edythe London,Sakire Pogun Pdf

The fact that tobacco ingestion can affect how people feel and think has been known for millennia, placing the plant among those used spiritually, honori?cally, and habitually (Corti 1931; Wilbert 1987). However, the conclusion that nicotine - counted for many of these psychopharmacological effects did not emerge until the nineteenth century (Langley 1905). This was elegantly described by Lewin in 1931 as follows: “The decisive factor in the effects of tobacco, desired or undesired, is nicotine. . . ”(Lewin 1998). The use of nicotine as a pharmacological probe to und- stand physiological functioning at the dawn of the twentieth century was a landmark in the birth of modern neuropharmacology (Limbird 2004; Halliwell 2007), and led the pioneering researcher John Langley to conclude that there must exist some “- ceptive substance” to explain the diverse actions of various substances, including nicotine, when applied to muscle tissue (Langley 1905). Research on tobacco and nicotine progressed throughout the twentieth century, but much of this was from a general pharmacological and toxicological rather than a psychopharmacological perspective (Larson et al. 1961). There was some attention to the effects related to addiction, such as euphoria (Johnston 1941), tolerance (Lewin 1931), and withdrawal (Finnegan et al. 1945), but outside of research supported by the tobacco industry, addiction and psychopharmacology were not major foci for research (Slade et al. 1995; Hurt and Robertson 1998; Henning?eld et al. 2006; Henning?eld and Hartel 1999; Larson et al. 1961).

Author : F. Scott Hall,Jared W. Young,Andre Der-Avakian
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2016-08-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128026694

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Negative Affective States and Cognitive Impairments in Nicotine Dependence by F. Scott Hall,Jared W. Young,Andre Der-Avakian Pdf

Negative Affective States and Cognitive Impairments in Nicotine Dependence is the only book of its kind that addresses nicotine use and abuse in the context of negative reinforcement mechanisms. Written and edited by leading investigators in addiction, affective, genetic, and cognitive research, it provides researchers and advanced students with an overview of the clinical bases of these effects, allowing them to fully understand the various underlying dysfunctions that drive nicotine use in different individuals. In addition, this book examines animal models that researchers have utilized to investigate the biological bases of these dysfunctions. The combination of clinical and preclinical approaches to understanding nicotine dependence makes this book an invaluable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to develop targeted treatments aimed at ameliorating symptoms of nicotine dependence, as well as identifying premorbid differences in affective or cognitive function. Provides a unique perspective on nicotine dependence that emphasizes negative reinforcement rather than positive reinforcement Examines psychiatric comorbidities and alleviation of withdrawal states as motivation for continued tobacco use Includes both clinical and preclinical perspectives Includes genetic and multi-neurotransmitter perspectives on nicotine use and withdrawal Emphasizes heterogeneity of underlying reasons for smoking, the need for multiple animal models to understand this heterogeneity, and the expectation of heterogeneous responses to potential treatments, underscoring the need for personalized therapeutics

Author : David J.K. Balfour,Marcus R. Munafò
Publisher : Springer
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2015-01-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319134826

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The Neuropharmacology of Nicotine Dependence by David J.K. Balfour,Marcus R. Munafò Pdf

The primary purpose of this book and its companion volume The Behavioral Genetics of Nicotine and Tobacco is to explore the ways in which recent studies on nicotine and its role in tobacco addiction have opened our eyes to the psychopharmacological properties of this unique and fascinating drug. While The Behavioral Genetics of Nicotine and Tobacco considers the molecular and genetic factors which influence behavioral responses to nicotine and how these may impact on the role of nicotine in tobacco dependence, the present book focuses on the complex neural and psychological mechanisms that mediate nicotine dependence in experimental animal models and their relationship to tobacco addiction in humans. These volumes will provide readers a contemporary overview of current research on nicotine psychopharmacology and its role in tobacco dependence from leaders in this field of researchand will hopefully prove valuable to those who are developing their own research programmes in this important topic.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2015-11-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128016268

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Nicotine Use in Mental Illness and Neurological Disorders by Anonim Pdf

Nicotine Use in Mental Illness and Neurological Disorders, a volume in the International Review of Neurobiology series, is a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art research into nicotine use in mental illness and neurological disorders. It reviews current knowledge and understanding, also provides a starting point for researchers and practitioners entering the field. Provides a broad coverage of subject matter Presents a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art research into nicotine use in mental illness and neurological disorders Ideal for researchers and practitioners, and those just entering the field

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Preventing Nicotine Addiction in Children and Youths
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1994-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309051293

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Growing Up Tobacco Free by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Preventing Nicotine Addiction in Children and Youths Pdf

Tobacco use kills more people than any other addiction and we know that addiction starts in childhood and youth. We all agree that youths should not smoke, but how can this be accomplished? What prevention messages will they find compelling? What effect does tobacco advertisingâ€"more than $10 million worth every dayâ€"have on youths? Can we responsibly and effectively restrict their access to tobacco products? These questions and more are addressed in Growing Up Tobacco Free, prepared by the Institute of Medicine to help everyone understand the troubling issues surrounding youths and tobacco use. Growing Up Tobacco Free provides a readable explanation of nicotine's effects and the process of addiction, and documents the search for an effective approach to preventing the use of cigarettes, chewing and spitting tobacco, and snuff by children and youths. It covers the results of recent initiatives to limit young people's access to tobacco and discusses approaches to controls or bans on tobacco sales, price sensitivity among adolescents, and arguments for and against taxation as a prevention strategy for tobacco use. The controversial area of tobacco advertising is thoroughly examined. With clear guidelines for public action, everyone can benefit by reading and acting on the messages in this comprehensive and compelling book.

Author : William R. Martin,Glen R. Van Loon,Edgar T. Iwamoto,Layten David
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461319115

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Tobacco Smoking and Nicotine by William R. Martin,Glen R. Van Loon,Edgar T. Iwamoto,Layten David Pdf

Nicotine is the major factor in the continuation of the smoking habit among humans. On December 2-4, 1985, under the sponsorship of the Tobacco and Health Research Institute in Lexington, Kentucky, leading scientists from around the world whose research efforts have focused on the role of nicotine in the tobacco habit participated in an International Symposium to provide the most comprehensive and ~xtensive coverage of this topic so far. The material discussed was in the forefront of man's knowledge about nicotine, and both lectures and question and answer sessions were stimulating and enlightening. This publication contains the manuscripts presented at the Symposium, along with an Overview prepared by selected individuals. Lecture and poster session topics are delineated more fully in the Overview. This volume is expected to serve as a definitive reference on nicotine as it relates to the tobacco habit. Symposium sessions were arranged under four headings: (1) behavioral effects of nicotine and nicotine~ependence in humans and animals, (2) neurohumoral regulation of neuroendocrine and cardiovascular function by nicotine, (3) neuropharmacology of nicotine, and (4) neurochemistry. This was the first assembly of this magnitude of scientists who had devoted years of research to nicotine and its effects. Indeed, it was a pleasure to have sponsored this important event. Dr. Lay ten Davis, Director Tobacco and Health Research Institute Cooper and Alumni Drives Lexington, KY 40546-0236 v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Editors of this volume express sincere appreciation to all of the contributors. Special acknowledgments are given to Ms.

Author : David J.K. Balfour,Marcus R. Munafò
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3319136666

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The Neurobiology and Genetics of Nicotine and Tobacco by David J.K. Balfour,Marcus R. Munafò Pdf

The primary purpose of this book and its companion volume The Neuropharmacology of Nicotine Dependence is to explore the ways in which recent studies on nicotine and its role in tobacco addiction have opened our eyes to the psychopharmacological properties of this unique and fascinating drug. While the present volume considers the molecular and genetic factors which influence behavioral responses to nicotine and how these may impact on the role of nicotine in tobacco dependence, the book The Neuropharmacology of Nicotine Dependence focuses on the complex neural and psychological mechanisms that mediate nicotine dependence in experimental animal models and their relationship to tobacco addiction in humans. These volumes will provide readers with a contemporary overview of current research on nicotine psychopharmacology and its role in tobacco dependence from leaders in this field of research and will hopefully prove valuable to those who are developing their own research programmes in this important topic. CTBN Vol 23 The Behavioral Genetics of Nicotine and Tobacco The primary purpose of this book and its companion volume The Neuropharmacology of Nicotine Dependence is to explore the ways in which recent studies on nicotine and its role in tobacco addiction have opened our eyes to the psychopharmacological properties of this unique and fascinating drug. While the present volume considers the molecular and genetic factors which influence behavioral responses to nicotine and how these may impact on the role of nicotine in tobacco dependence, the book The Neuropharmacology of Nicotine Dependence focuses on the complex neural and psychological mechanisms that mediate nicotine dependence in experimental animal models and their relationship to tobacco addiction in humans. These volumes will provide readers with a contemporary overview of current research on nicotine psychopharmacology and its role in tobacco dependence from leaders in this field of research and will hopefully prove valuable to those who are developing their own research programmes in this important topic.

Author : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Publisher : U.S. Government Printing Office
Page : 928 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCBK:C095488540

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Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General Pdf

This Surgeon General's report details the causes and the consequences of tobacco use among youth and young adults by focusing on the social, environmental, advertising, and marketing influences that encourage youth and young adults to initiate and sustain tobacco use. This is the first time tobacco data on young adults as a discrete population have been explored in detail. The report also highlights successful strategies to prevent young people from using tobacco

Author : R. Loddenkemper,M. Kreuter
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-03-13
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9783318026573

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The Tobacco Epidemic by R. Loddenkemper,M. Kreuter Pdf

This completely revised and enlarged 2nd edition of The Tobacco Epidemic provides a comprehensive update of the clinical, public health and political aspects of tobacco smoking. Since its 1st edition in 1997, knowledge on the health hazards of tobacco and nicotine addiction has increased considerably, but recent data has shown that the global problem has become more aggravated in low- and middle-income countries: if current trends continue, tobacco smoking will be responsible for the deaths of 1 billion people in the 21st century. Written by outstanding international experts, the book covers the history of tobacco production and use, the economics of tobacco use and control, as well as the health consequences of active and passive smoking in both adults and children. Special chapters discuss the impact of media, movies and TV on tobacco consumption in young people, the patterns and predictors of smoking cessation in the general population and in different social subgroups, and initiatives supported by the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Readers will find the latest information on how nicotine dependence is treated with nicotine replacement products, what role health care professionals play in helping smokers to quit and what effects smoke-free environments, advertising bans and price increases have on smoking prevalence. The potential harms and benefits of smokeless tobacco, waterpipe tobacco smoking and electronic cigarettes are also evaluated. This book is a must-read for anyone in the medical profession who treats patients with smoking-related diseases and for those engaged in tobacco control. It will also be appreciated by interested nonmedical readers like journalists and legislators.

Author : Edward D. Levin
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2001-08-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420038521

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Nicotinic Receptors in the Nervous System by Edward D. Levin Pdf

Nicotine research has been conducted for the better part of a century, but with the discovery of the relationship of nicotinic systems to Alzheimer's disease, the differentiation of nicotinic receptor subtypes, and the development of novel nicotinic ligands, the field of nicotine research has exploded. This book will provide you reference to the latest research methods and findings concerning nicotinic neural systems. Featuring a unique approach, Nicotinic Receptors in the Nervous System provides integrated coverage of cutting-edge research concerning neuronal nicotinic systems relevant to smoking addiction and cognitive dysfunction. By bringing together molecular and neurochemical applications, this book provides the key to understanding function and dysfunction of nicotinic systems and how they are significant for disease, addiction, and the development of novel drug treatments. Within the next several years, it is very promising that clinical research will support the use of nicotinic treatments for addiction, pain, and cognitive and motor dysfunction. Nicotinic Receptors in the Nervous System provides you with the basic mechanistic background for these treatments as well as the functional assessment necessary to determine therapeutic effects.

Author : Michael J. Kuhar
Publisher : FT Press
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Family & Relationships
ISBN : 9780132542500

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The Addicted Brain by Michael J. Kuhar Pdf

"The Addicted Brain" explains clearly and vividly what has been learned about how and why some people become addicted and abuse drugs or other substances, the relatively long-term changes these substances can make in the brain, and the progress being made on treatments.

Author : Adam Prus
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 1278 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2017-02-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781506338958

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Drugs and the Neuroscience of Behavior by Adam Prus Pdf

The up-to-date Second Edition presents an accessible introduction to the rapidly advancing field of psychopharmacology through an examination of how drug actions in the brain affect psychological processes. To help readers develop an appreciation of the development of drug treatments and neuroscience over time, the book provides historical background, covering major topics in psychopharmacology, including discussion on newer drugs and recent trends in drug use. Pedagogical features at the forefront of the latest scholarship of teaching and learning are integrated throughout the text to ensure readers are able to easily process and understand the material.

Author : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 734 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Cigarette habit
ISBN : PURD:32754061295782

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Reducing the Health Consequences of Smoking by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General Pdf