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Author : Kolata James J (author)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1901
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 164327421X
Author : James J Kolata
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 51 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019-05-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781643274225
Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, published in 1915, made a remarkable prediction: gravitational radiation. Just like light (electromagnetic radiation), gravity could travel through space as a wave and affect any objects it encounters by alternately compressing and expanding them. However, there was a problem. The force of gravity is around a trillion, trillion, trillion times weaker than electromagnetism so the calculated compressions and expansions were incredibly small, even for gravity waves resulting from a catastrophic astrophysical event such as a supernova explosion in our own galaxy. Discouraged by this result, physicists and astronomers didn't even try to detect these tiny, tiny effects for over 50 years. Then, in the late 1960s and early 1970s, two events occurred which started the hunt for gravity waves in earnest. The first was a report of direct detection of gravity waves thousands of times stronger than even the most optimistic calculation. Though ultimately proved wrong, this result started scientists thinking about what instrumentation might be necessary to detect these waves. The second was an actual, though indirect, detection of gravitational radiation due to the effects it had on the period of rotation of two 'neutron stars' orbiting each other. In this case, the observations were in exact accord with predictions from Einstein's theory, which confirmed that a direct search might ultimately be successful. Nevertheless, it took another 40 years of development of successively more sensitive detectors before the first real direct effects were observed in 2015, 100 years after gravitational waves were first predicted. This is the story of that hunt, and the insight it is producing into an array of topics in modern science, from the creation of the chemical elements to insights into the properties of gravity itself.
Author : Max Camenzind
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 691 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2007-02-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540499121
Modern comprehensive introduction and overview of the physics of White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars and Black Holes, including all relevant observations. Contains a basic introduction to General Relativity, including the modern 3+1 split of spacetime and of Einstein’s equations. The split is used for the first time to derive the structure equations for rapidly rotating neutron stars and Black Holes. Detailed discussions and derivations of current theoretical results. In particular also the most recent equations of state for neutron star matter are explained. Topics , such as colour superconductivity are discussed and used for modelling. A book for graduate students and researchers. Contains exercises and some solutions.
Author : IntroBooks
Publisher : IntroBooks
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2018-02-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Black holes, supernovas, Dark matter, and the micro gravity or macro gravity related researches and studies for analysis can be of inbound curiosity to any professional in any subject stream. These are lessons about nature that is sure to trigger the curiosity in anyone. Shedding some light on these vitalities related to black holes, formation, creation, and deterioration is the objective here. Enormous amount of gases in the black holes, in varied capacities, and the unpredictable size and nature of the black holes, with super gravity, make the studies to be too complicated to understand precisely about the physical properties of the black holes. To describe the difference between gravitational and inertial mass, brings in the need to know on when an astronaut in orbit experiences apparent weightlessness. That is the way to understand on how black holes are formed for anyone else too.
Author : Robert M. Wald
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Science
ISBN : 0226870359
A comprehensive summary of progress made during the past decade on the theory of black holes and relativistic stars, this collection includes discussion of structure and oscillations of relativistic stars, the use of gravitational radiation detectors, observational evidence for black holes, cosmic censorship, numerical work related to black hole collisions, the internal structure of black holes, black hole thermodynamics, information loss and other issues related to the quantum properties of black holes, and recent developments in the theory of black holes in the context of string theory. Volume contributors: Valeria Ferrari, John L. Friedman, James B. Hartle, Stephen W. Hawking, Gary T. Horowitz, Werner Israel, Roger Penrose, Martin J. Rees, Rafael D. Sorkin, Saul A. Teukolsky, Kip S. Thorne, and Robert M. Wald.
Author : Maurice H. P. M. van Putten
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2005-12-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139446464
Black holes and gravitational radiation are two of the most dramatic predictions of general relativity. The quest for rotating black holes - discovered by Roy P. Kerr as exact solutions to the Einstein equations - is one of the most exciting challenges facing physicists and astronomers. Gravitational Radiation, Luminous Black Holes and Gamma-Ray Burst Supernovae takes the reader through the theory of gravitational radiation and rotating black holes, and the phenomenology of GRB-supernovae. Topics covered include Kerr black holes and the frame-dragging of spacetime, luminous black holes, compact tori around black holes, and black-hole spin interactions. It concludes with a discussion of prospects for gravitational-wave detections of a long-duration burst in gravitational-waves as a method of choice for identifying Kerr black holes in the Universe. This book is ideal for a special topics graduate course on gravitational-wave astronomy and as an introduction to those interested in this contemporary development in physics.
Author : Stuart L. Shapiro,Saul A. Teukolsky
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 663 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2008-11-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527617678
This self-contained textbook brings together many different branches of physics--e.g. nuclear physics, solid state physics, particle physics, hydrodynamics, relativity--to analyze compact objects. The latest astronomical data is assessed. Over 250 exercises.
Author : H. Gursky,Remo Ruffini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 447 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401017671
This book contains a set of articles based on a session of the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science held in San Francisco in February, 1974. The reason for the meeting arose from the need to communicate to the largest possible scientific community the dramatic advances which have been made in recent years in the understanding of collapsed objects: neutron stars and black holes. Thanks to an unprecedented resonance between X-ray, y-ray, radio and optical astronomy and important new theoretical developments in relativistic astro physics, a new deep understanding has been acquired of the physical processes oc curring in the late stages of evolution of stars. This knowledge may be one of the greatest conquests of man's understanding of nature in this century. This book aims to give an essential and up-to-date view in this field. The analysis of the physics and astrophysics of neutron stars and black holes is here attacked from both theoretical and experimental points of view. In the experimental field we range from the reviews and catalogues of galactic X-ray sources (R. Gursky and E. Schreier) and pulsars (E. Groth) to the observations of the optical counter part of X-ray sources (P. Boynton) to finally the recently discovered gamma-ray bursts (I. Strong) and pulse astronomy R. B. Partridge).
Author : Arun Kenath,Chandra Sivaram
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 61 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2023-05-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031304637
This book provides a concise introduction to the physics of gravitational waves. It is aimed at graduate-level students and PhD scholars. Ever since the discovery of gravitational waves in 2016, gravitational wave astronomy has been adding to our understanding of the universe. Gravitational waves have been detected in the past few years from several transient events such as merging stellar-mass black holes, binary neutron stars, etc. These waves have frequencies in a band ranging from a few hundred hertz to around a kilohertz to which LIGO type instruments are sensitive. LISA will be sensitive to much lower range of frequencies from SMBH mergers. Apart from these cataclysmic burst events, there are innumerable sources of radiation which are continuously emitting gravitational waves of all frequencies. These include a whole mass range of compact binary and isolated compact objects and close planetary stellar entities. This book discusses the gravitational wave background produced in typical frequency ranges from such sources emitting over a Hubble time and the fluctuations in the h values measured in the usual devices. Also discussed are the high-frequency thermal background gravitational radiation from hot stellar interiors and newly formed compact objects. The reader will also learn how gravitational waves provide a testing tool for various theories of gravity, i.e. general relativity and extended theories of gravity, and will be the definitive test for general relativity.
Author : Valeria Ferrari,Leonardo Gualtieri,Paolo Pani
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 845 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2020-12-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780429957796
Containing the latest, groundbreaking discoveries in the field, this text outlines the basics of Einstein’s theory of gravity with a focus on its most important astrophysical consequences, including stellar structures, black holes and the physics of gravitational waves. Blending advanced topics - usually not found in introductory textbooks - with examples, pedagogical boxes, mathematical tools and practical applications of the theory, this textbook maximises learning opportunities and is ideal for master and graduate students in Physics and Astronomy. Key features: • Provides a self-contained and consistent treatment of the subject that does not require advanced previous knowledge of the field. • Explores the subject with a new focus on gravitational waves and astrophysical relativity, unlike current introductory textbooks. • Fully up-to-date, containing the latest developments and discoveries in the field.
Author : Koutarou Kyutoku
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 187 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-01-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9784431542018
This thesis presents a systematic study of the orbital evolution, gravitational wave radiation, and merger remnant of the black hole–neutron star binary merger in full general relativity for the first time. Numerical-relativity simulations are performed using an adaptive mesh refinement code, SimulAtor for Compact objects in Relativistic Astrophysics (SACRA), which adopts a wide variety of zero-temperature equations of state for the neutron star matter. Gravitational waves provide us with quantitative information on the neutron star compactness and equation of state via the cutoff frequency in the spectra, if tidal disruption of the neutron star occurs before the binary merges. The cutoff frequency will be observed by next-generation laser interferometric ground-based gravitational wave detectors, such as Advanced LIGO, Advanced VIRGO, and KAGRA. The author has also determined that the mass of remnant disks are sufficient for the remnant black hole accretion disk to become a progenitor of short-hard gamma ray bursts accompanied by tidal disruptions and suggests that overspinning black holes may not be formed after the merger of even an extremely spinning black hole and an irrotational neutron star.
Author : Janna Levin
Publisher : Anchor
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2016-03-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780307958204
The authoritative story of the headline-making discovery of gravitational waves—by an eminent theoretical astrophysicist and award-winning writer. From the author of How the Universe Got Its Spots and A Madman Dreams of Turing Machines, the epic story of the scientific campaign to record the soundtrack of our universe. Black holes are dark. That is their essence. When black holes collide, they will do so unilluminated. Yet the black hole collision is an event more powerful than any since the origin of the universe. The profusion of energy will emanate as waves in the shape of spacetime: gravitational waves. No telescope will ever record the event; instead, the only evidence would be the sound of spacetime ringing. In 1916, Einstein predicted the existence of gravitational waves, his top priority after he proposed his theory of curved spacetime. One century later, we are recording the first sounds from space, the soundtrack to accompany astronomy’s silent movie. In Black Hole Blues and Other Songs from Outer Space, Janna Levin recounts the fascinating story of the obsessions, the aspirations, and the trials of the scientists who embarked on an arduous, fifty-year endeavor to capture these elusive waves. An experimental ambition that began as an amusing thought experiment, a mad idea, became the object of fixation for the original architects—Rai Weiss, Kip Thorne, and Ron Drever. Striving to make the ambition a reality, the original three gradually accumulated an international team of hundreds. As this book was written, two massive instruments of remarkably delicate sensitivity were brought to advanced capability. As the book draws to a close, five decades after the experimental ambition began, the team races to intercept a wisp of a sound with two colossal machines, hoping to succeed in time for the centenary of Einstein’s most radical idea. Janna Levin’s absorbing account of the surprises, disappointments, achievements, and risks in this unfolding story offers a portrait of modern science that is unlike anything we’ve seen before.
Author : Rosalba Perna,Bruno Giacomazzo
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 73 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2021-07-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889669417
Author : Claudio Teitelboim,Jorge Zanelli
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2000-07-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814493338
Contents:Higher Dimensional Chern–Simons Theories and Topological Black Holes (M Bañados)Wormholes on the World Volume: Born–Infeld Particles and Dirichlet p-Branes (G W Gibbons)Evaporation of Primordial Black Holes (S W Hawking)Fermion Models and Chern–Simons Theories (F A Schaposnik)Uniqueness of D = 11 Supergravity (S Deser)Probing Black Holes and Relativistic Stars with Gravitational Waves (K S Thorne)Chern–Simons Supergravities with Off-Shell Local Superalgebras (R Troncoso & J Zanelli) Readership: Astrophysicists. Keywords:Black Holes;Universe;Astrophysics;Chern-Simons Theory;Wormholes
Author : Ajit Kembhavi,Pushpa Khare
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2020-08-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811557095
Gravitational waves were first predicted by Albert Einstein in 1916, a year after the development of his new theory of gravitation known as the general theory of relativity. This theory established gravitation as the curvature of space-time produced by matter and energy. To be discernible even to the most sensitive instruments on Earth, the waves have to be produced by immensely massive objects like black holes and neutron stars which are rotating around each other, or in the extreme situations which prevail in the very early ages of the Universe. This book presents the story of the prediction of gravitational waves by Albert Einstein, the early attempts to detect the waves, the development of the LIGO detector, the first detection in 2016, the subsequent detections and their implications. All concepts are described in some detail, without the use of any mathematics and advanced physics which are needed for a full understanding of the subject. The book also contains description of electromagnetism, Einstein’s special theory and general theory of relativity, white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes and other concepts which are needed for understanding gravitational waves and their effects. Also described are the LIGO detectors and the cutting edge technology that goes into building them, and the extremely accurate measurements that are needed to detect gravitational waves. The book covers these ideas in a simple and lucid fashion which should be accessible to all interested readers. The first detection of gravitational waves was given a lot of space in the print and electronic media. So, the curiosity of the non-technical audience has been aroused about what gravitational waves really are and why they are so important. This book seeks to answer such questions.
