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Author : Courtney Winthrop
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING
ISBN : 1634630939
Author : Alfonso Jiménez,Mercedes Peltzer,Roxana Ruseckaite
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781849738798
A comprehensive overview of the synthesis, characterisation, properties and applications of poly(lactic acid) science and technology covering scientific, ecological, social and economic issues.
Author : Rafael A. Auras,Loong-Tak Lim,Susan E. M. Selke,Hideto Tsuji
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 692 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2022-06-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119767442
POLY(LACTIC ACID) The second edition of a key reference, fully updated to reflect new research and applications Poly(lactic acid)s – PLAs, biodegradable polymers derived from lactic acid, have become vital components of a sustainable society. Eco-friendly PLA polymers are used in numerous industrial applications ranging from packaging to medical implants and to wastewater treatment. The global PLA market is predicted to expand significantly over the next decade due to increasing demand for compostable and recyclable materials produced from renewable resources. Poly(lactic acid) Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing, Applications, and End of Life provides comprehensive coverage of the basic chemistry, production, and industrial use of PLA. Contributions from an international panel of experts review specific processing methods, characterization techniques, and various applications in medicine, textiles, packaging, and environmental engineering. Now in its second edition, this fully up-to-date volume features new and revised chapters on 3D printing, the mechanical and chemical recycling of PLA, PLA stereocomplex crystals, PLA composites, the environmental footprint of PLA, and more. Highlights the biodegradability, recycling, and sustainability benefits of PLA Describes processing and conversion technologies for PLA, such as injection molding, extrusion, blending, and thermoforming Covers various aspects of lactic acid/lactide monomers, including physicochemical properties and production Examines different condensation reactions and modification strategies for enhanced polymerization of PLA Discusses the thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties of PLA Addresses degradation and environmental issues of PLA, including photodegradation, radiolysis, hydrolytic degradation, biodegradation, and life cycle assessment Poly(lactic acid) Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing, Applications, and End of Life, Second Edition remains essential reading for polymer engineers, materials scientists, polymer chemists, chemical engineers, industry professionals using PLA, and scientists and advanced student engineers interested in biodegradable plastics.
Author : Rafael A. Auras,Loong-Tak Lim,Susan E. M. Selke,Hideto Tsuji
Publisher : Wiley
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2010-10-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0470293667
This book describes the synthesis, properties, and processing methods of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), an important family of degradable plastics. As the need for environmentally-friendly packaging materials increases, consumers and companies are in search for new materials that are largely produced from renewable resources, and are recyclable. To that end, an overall theme of the book is the biodegradability, recycling, and sustainability benefits of PLA. The chapters, from a base of international expert contributors, describe specific processing methods, spectroscopy techniques for PLA analysis, and and applications in medical items, packaging, and environmental use.
Author : Jie Ren
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2011-04-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642175961
"Biodegradable Poly (Lactic Acid): Synthesis, Modification, Processing and Applications" describes the preparation, modification, processing, and the research and applications of biodegradable poly (lactic acid), which belong to the biomedical and environment-friendly materials. Highly illustrated, the book introduces systematically the synthesis, physical and chemical modifications, and the latest developments of research and applications of poly (lactic acid) in biomedical materials. The book is intended for researchers and graduate students in the fields of materials science and engineering, polymer science and engineering, biomedicine, chemistry, environmental sciences, textile science and engineering, package materials, and so on. Dr. Jie Ren is a professor at the Institute of Nano and Bio-Polymeric Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Author : Maria Laura Di Lorenzo,René Androsch
Publisher : Springer
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319754598
The series Advances in Polymer Science presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in polymer and biopolymer science. It covers all areas of research in polymer and biopolymer science including chemistry, physical chemistry, physics, material science.The thematic volumes are addressed to scientists, whether at universities or in industry, who wish to keep abreast of the important advances in the covered topics.Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic, and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles, and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist.Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Single contributions can be specially commissioned.Readership: Polymer scientists, or scientists in related fields interested in polymer and biopolymer science, at universities or in industry, graduate students.
Author : Vincenzo Piemonte
Publisher : Nova Science Pub Incorporated
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 1629481483
This book describes the synthesis, properties and applications of PLA through fourteen original chapters that will guide the reader through a fascinating journey into the world of PLA, providing interesting insights for those who intend to use this polymer for innovative applications, or simply those who want to learn more about this very important biodegradable and bio-based plastic. PLA biodegradability introduces this polymer in a world of eco-friendly and human-friendly applications in several technological fields. In short, this book will appeal to all the readers who not only want to have a reference book of consolidated notions on PLA, but also, and especially, to those who want to discover new potentials and new application fields of this unique biodegradable polymer.
Author : Maria Laura Di Lorenzo,René Androsch
Publisher : Springer
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2017-10-20
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319642307
The series Advances in Polymer Science presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in polymer and biopolymer science. It covers all areas of research in polymer and biopolymer science including chemistry, physical chemistry, physics, material science.The thematic volumes are addressed to scientists, whether at universities or in industry, who wish to keep abreast of the important advances in the covered topics.Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic, and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles, and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist.Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Single contributions can be specially commissioned.Readership: Polymer scientists, or scientists in related fields interested in polymer and biopolymer science, at universities or in industry, graduate students
Author : Emo Chiellini,Roberto Solaro
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781441992406
Synthetic and semi-synthetic polymeric materials were originally developed for their durability and resistance to all forms of degradation including biodegradation. Such materials are currently widely accepted because of their ease of processability and amenability to provide a large variety of cost effective items that help to enhance the comfort and quality of life in the modern industrial society. However, this widespread utilization of plastics has contributed to a serious plastic waste burden, and the expectation for the 21st century is for an increased demand for polymeric material. This volume focuses on a more rational utilization of resources in the fabrication, consumption and disposal of plastic items, specifically: -Environmentally Degradable Polymeric Materials (EDPs); -Water-soluble/Swellable Biodegradable Polymers; -EDPs from Renewable Resources; -Biopolymers; -Bioresorbable Materials for Biomedical Applications; -Biorelated Polymers; -Standards and Regulations on EDPs.
Author : Constantine D. Papaspyrides,Stamatina N. Vouyiouka
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2009-04-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780470451823
The most current guide to solid state polymerization Solid State Polymerization (SSP)is an indispensable tool in the design, manufacture, and study of polymers, plastics, and fibers. SSP presents significant advantages over other polymerization techniques due to low operating temperatures, inexpensive equipment, and simple and environmentally sound procedures. Combining fundamentals of polymer science, chemistry, physical chemistry, and engineering, SSP also offers many research applications for a wide range of students and investigators. Gathering and filtering the latest literature on SSP, Solid Solid State Polymerization offers a unique, one-stop resource on this important process. With chapters contributed by leaders in the field, this text summarizes SSP, and provides essential coverage that includes: An introduction to SSP, with chemical and physical steps, apparatus, advantages, and parameters SSP physical chemistry and mechanisms Kinetic aspects of polyesters and polyamides SSP Catalysis in SSP processes Application of SSP under high pressure conditions in the laboratory Engineering aspects regarding process modeling and industrial application Recent developments and future possibilities Solid State Polymerization provides the most up-to-date coverage of this constantly developing field to academic and industry professionals, as well as graduate and postgraduate-level students in chemical engineering, materials science and engineering, polymer chemistry, polymer processing and polymer engineering.
Author : Sabu Thomas,P. M. Visakh,Aji. P Mathew
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642209406
The book summarizes in a comprehensive manner many of the recent technical research accomplishments in the area of natural polymers. It discusses the various attempts reporting on solving this problem from the point of view of the chemistry and the structure of natural polymers, highlighting the drawbacks and advantages of each method and proposal. Based on considerations of structure - property relations, it is possible to obtain fibers with improved strength by making use of their nanostructures and/or mesophase properties of natural polymers. The book is a unique book with contributions from the experts of the biomaterial area research. it covers all topics related to natural biomaterials such as natural rubber, cellulose, chitin, starch, hemicellulose, lignin, alginates, soy protein, casein and their bionanocomposites and applications. This book is a useful reference for scientists, academicians, research scholars and biotechnologists.
Author : Lee Tin Sin,Abdul Razak Rahmat,Wan Aizan Wan Abdul Rahman
Publisher : William Andrew
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2012-11-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781437744590
Annotation An essential reference for engineers, scientists and product designers that already work with polymers and plastics who wish to convert to a sustainable plastic. It covers the properties, synthesis and polymerisation of PLA and processing techniques involved in fabricating parts from this polymer.
Author : Intratec
Publisher : Intratec Solutions
Page : 47 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2016-05-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781945324994
This report presents a cost analysis of Polylactic Acid (PLA) production from lactic acid using a melt process. The process examined is similar to NatureWorks process. In this process, an 88 wt% lactic acid solution in water is used as raw material. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 8674056, issued to NatureWorks in 2014; (2) EP Patent 1247808, issued to Cargill in 2003 Keywords: Lactide, 2-Hydroxypropanoic Acid, Dow, Biodegradable Polymer
Author : Stephan Kabasci
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781118676738
The field of bio-based plastics has developed significantly in the last 10 years and there is increasing pressure on industries to shift existing materials production from petrochemicals to renewables. Bio-based Plastics presents an up-to-date overview of the basic and applied aspects of bioplastics, focusing primarily on thermoplastic polymers for material use. Emphasizing materials currently in use or with significant potential for future applications, this book looks at the most important biopolymer classes such as polysaccharides, lignin, proteins and polyhydroxyalkanoates as raw materials for bio-based plastics, as well as materials derived from bio-based monomers like lipids, poly(lactic acid), polyesters, polyamides and polyolefines. Detailed consideration is also given to the market and availability of renewable raw materials, the importance of bio-based content and the aspect of biodegradability. Topics covered include: Starch Cellulose and cellulose acetate Materials based on chitin and chitosan Lignin matrix composites from natural resources Polyhydroxyalkanoates Poly(lactic acid) Polyesters, Polyamides and Polyolefins from biomass derived monomers Protein-based plastics Bio-based Plastics is a valuable resource for academic and industrial researchers who are interested in new materials, renewable resources, sustainability and polymerization technology. It will also prove useful for advanced students interested in the development of bio-based products and materials, green and sustainable chemistry, polymer chemistry and materials science. For more information on the Wiley Series in Renewable Resources, visit www.wiley.com/go/rrs
Author : Vincenzo Piemonte
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Biodegradable plastics
ISBN : 1621003485
This book describes the synthesis, properties and applications of PLA through fourteen original chapters that will guide the reader through a fascinating journey into the world of PLA, providing interesting insights for those who intend to use this polymer for innovative applications, or simply those who want learn more about this very important biodegradable and bio-based plastic. PLA biodegradability introduces this polymer in a world of eco-friendly and human-friendly applications in several technological fields. In short, this book will appeal to all the readers who not only want to have a reference book of consolidated notions on PLA, but also, and especially, to those who want to discover new potentials and new application fields of this unique biodegradable polymer.