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New Insights into Morphometry Studies by Pere M. Pares-Casanova Pdf
There have been brilliant studies in the field of morphometry in recent years. This book increases the literature on this domain by presenting some recent advances and emerging applications upon biological structures, ranging in a variety of purposes and objectives: from animal visual system to growth models, from amphibians to humans, all in a comprehensive and accessible way of information. All chapters are written by leading internationally recognized experts from academia, who explain their own topics in plain English and in a totally rigorous manner. Suitable for a wide range of expert readers, this book represents a high valuable work for scientists and advanced students working in biological and medical morphometric topics.
Modern Morphometrics in Physical Anthropology by Dennis E. Slice Pdf
Morphometrics has undergone a revolutionary transformation in the past two decades as new methods have been developed to address shortcomings in the traditional multivirate analysis of linear distances, angles, and indices. While there is much active research in the field, the new approaches to shape analysis are already making significant and ever-increasing contributions to biological research, including physical anthropology. Modern Morphometrics in Physical Anthropology highlights the basic machinery of the most important methods, while introducing novel extensions to these methods and illustrating how they provide enhanced results compared to more traditional approaches. Modern Morphometrics in Physical Anthropology provides a comprehensive sampling of the applications of modern, sophisticated methods of shape analysis in anthropology, and serves as a starting point for the exploration of these practices by students and researchers who might otherwise lack the local expertise or training to get started. This text is an important resource for the general morphometric community that includes ecologists, evolutionary biologists, systematists, and medical researchers.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2013 Edition by Anonim Pdf
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Crohn’s Disease. The editors have built Inflammatory Bowel Diseases—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Crohn’s Disease in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
This book aims to explain how to use R to perform morphometrics. Morpho- tric analysis is the study of shape and size variations and covariations and their covariations with other variables. Morphometrics is thus deeply rooted within stat- tical sciences. While most applications concern biology, morphometrics is becoming common tools used in archeological, palaeontological, geographical, or medicine disciplines. Since the recent formalizations of some of the ideas of predecessors, such as D’arcy Thompson, and thanks to the development of computer techno- gies and new ways for appraising shape changes and variation, morphometrics have undergone, and are still undergoing, a revolution. Most techniques dealing with s- tistical shape analysis have been developed in the last three decades, and the number of publications using morphometrics is increasing rapidly. However, the majority of these methods cannot be implemented in available software and therefore prosp- tive students often need to acquire detailed knowledge in informatics and statistics before applying them to their data. With acceleration in the accumulation of me- ods accompanying the emerging science of statistical shape analysis, it is becoming important to use tools that allow some autonomy. R easily helps ful?ll this need. Risalanguage andenvironment forstatisticalcomputingandgraphics. Although there is an increasing number of computer applications that perform morphometrics, using R has several advantages that confer to users considerable power and possible new horizons in a world that requires rapid adaptability.
Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition by Anonim Pdf
Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Diagnosis and Screening. The editors have built Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Diagnosis and Screening in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
New Insights into Neurodevelopmental Biology and Autistic Spectrum Disorders by Hongbao Cao,Michela Candini,Jurgen Germann,Katherine Kuhl-Meltzoff Stavropoulos,Prathibha Karanth,Julia Dallman,Flavia Venetucci Gouveia,Edward Quadros,Tongtong Ge,Xingyin Liu Pdf
The Digestive Tract of Cephalopods: at the Interface Between Physiology and Ecology by Giovanna Ponte,Eduardo Almansa,Paul Andrews Pdf
Aristotle in the Historia animalium, (Book IV) gives one of the earliest descriptions of the anatomy of the cephalopod digestive tract, comparing it to that of other molluscs. From dissections of cuttlefish several key features of the cephalopod digestive tract were described: the beak (“teeth”) and radula (“tongue”), the passage of the oesophagus through the brain en route to the crop and stomach. The stomach is described as having spiral convolutions like a trumpet snail shell suggesting that the structure described is actually the caecum. The gut then turns anteriorly so that the anal opening is near the funnel leading a modern author to comment that they “defaecate on their heads” (Leroi, 2014). In the intervening two millennia research on the cephalopod digestive tract has been sporadic with much of the current knowledge arising from a series of studies in the 1950s to the 1970s by A.M. Bidder, E. Boucaud -Camou, R. Boucher-Rodoni and K. Mangold which established the basic mechanisms of digestion and absorption (e.g., Bidder, 1950; Boucaud-Camou et al., 1976). The last 10 years has seen a resurgence of research on the digestive tract stimulated by interest cephalopods (particularly Octopus vulgaris and Sepia officinalis) as candidate species for aquaculture and the potential impact of climate change on cephalopod ecology. Additionally, the inclusion of cephalopods in the European Union legislation regulating scientific research has necessitated improved understanding of dietary requirements and metabolism as well as the development of methods to monitor digestive tract function to ensure optimal care and welfare in the laboratory. Prompted by this resurgence of interest in the cephalopod digestive tract and an international workshop on the topic held in November 2015 we have collected a series of papers reflecting the current state-of-the art. The seventeen papers in this book combine original research publications and reviews covering a diversity of topics that are grouped under four main themes reflecting key topics in the physiology and ecology of the cephalopod digestive tract; feeding strategies, early life stages and aquaculture, anatomy and digestive physiology, care and welfare. This book provides a timely synthesis of ongoing research into the cephalopod digestive tract which we hope will stimulate further studies into this relatively neglected aspect of cephalopod biology. References Aristotle. The History of Animals, Book IV. Translated by D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson. Bidder, A. (1950). The digestive mechanisms of the European squids Loligo vulgaris, Loligo forbesii, Alloteuthis media and Allotuethis subulata. Q. J. Microscop. Sci. 91, 1-43. Boucaud-Camou, E., Boucher, Rodoni, R., and Mangold, K (1976). Digestive absorption in Octopus vulgaris (Cephalopoda: Octopoda). J.Zool.179, 261-271. Leroi, A.M. (2014). The Lagoon-How Aristotle Invented Science. Bloomsbury Circus, London.
Neurotrauma: New Insights into Pathology and Treatment by John T. Weber,Andrew I.R. Maas Pdf
Neurotrauma is the leading cause of death and disability in young adults, and the incidence in older patients is increasing. Neurotrauma is also a field in medicine with one of the highest unmet needs. Concentrated, focused and multidisciplinary efforts are required to combat this important disease. Exciting findings from basic research open opportunities for improving treatment results. This volume presents a unique and comprehensive overview of the latest findings and insights on translational research in neurotrauma. This book should be a must for any TBI or SCI researcher interested in translating their work to the clinic, as well as to clinicians interested in the latest research findings which could provide novel treatment strategies for their patients. • Integrates results from research on traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, bridging basic science and clinical research • Includes contributions from a worldwide panel of leading researchers and clinicians in the fields of TBI and SCI
New Insights into Systemic Sclerosis by Michal Tomcik Pdf
Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is an incurable connective tissue disease of unknown etiology. Three key processes play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis: immune dysregulation and inflammation, endothelial injury and vasculopathy, and fibrosis. Tissue fibrosis is the dominant and characteristic feature that affects the skin and visceral organs. Life expectancy of scleroderma patients has improved over recent years, mainly because of better treatment of organ involvement and complications; however, no curative disease-modifying therapies exist to date. This book aims to provide students, trainees, rheumatologists, and other specialists interested in this disease with a comprehensive overview of novel pathogenetic mechanisms, management approaches, and therapeutic targets of several major vascular and fibrotic manifestations, and is useful insight into a number of usually neglected aspects of scleroderma.
Neural Implementations of Expertise by Merim Bilalić, Robert Langner,Guillermo Campitelli,Luca Turella,Wolfgang Grodd Pdf
When we think about expertise, we usually consider people who master tasks at a level not reachable by most other people. Although we rarely realise it, however, most humans are experts in many aspects of everyday life. This expertise enables us to find our way through a complex environment that is our life. For instance, we can instantly recognise multiple objects and relations between them to form a meaningful unit, such as an office. Thus, research on expertise is not only important to investigate the cognitive and neural processes within an “elite” group, but it is also a powerful tool to understand how everyone can acquire complex skills. The goal of this Research Topic is to shed further light on the common and distinct neural mechanisms that implement various kinds of expertise. We broadly define expertise as skill in any perceptual, cognitive, social or motor domain, with the common core being optimised information processing due to knowledge acquired from repeated experiences. Thus, we are interested in the full range of mental processes modulated or modified by expertise, from “simple” object or pattern recognition to complex decision making or problem solving in a particular domain. These domains can range from everyday or occupational expertise to sports and rather artificial domains such as board games. In all cases, the aim should be to elucidate how the brain implements these sometimes incredible feats. We are particularly interested in connecting cognitive theories about expertise and expertise-related performance differences with models and data on the neural implementation of expertise. We welcome original research contributions using the full range of behavioural neuroscience methods, as well as theoretical, methodological or historical reviews, and opinion papers focusing on any of the above-mentioned aspects.
Geometric Morphometrics for Biologists by Miriam Leah Zelditch,Donald L. Swiderski,H. David Sheets Pdf
The first edition of Geometric Morphometrics for Biologists has been the primary resource for teaching modern geometric methods of shape analysis to biologists who have a stronger background in biology than in multivariate statistics and matrix algebra. These geometric methods are appealing to biologists who approach the study of shape from a variety of perspectives, from clinical to evolutionary, because they incorporate the geometry of organisms throughout the data analysis. The second edition of this book retains the emphasis on accessible explanations, and the copious illustrations and examples of the first, updating the treatment of both theory and practice. The second edition represents the current state-of-the-art and adds new examples and summarizes recent literature, as well as provides an overview of new software and step-by-step guidance through details of carrying out the analyses. Contains updated coverage of methods, especially for sampling complex curves and 3D forms and a new chapter on applications of geometric morphometrics to forensics Offers a reorganization of chapters to streamline learning basic concepts Presents detailed instructions for conducting analyses with freely available, easy to use software Provides numerous illustrations, including graphical presentations of important theoretical concepts and demonstrations of alternative approaches to presenting results
