New Trends In Lyotropic Liquid Crystals

Author : Ingo Dierking ,Antonio Martins Figueiredo Neto
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2020-11-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783039433421

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New Trends in Lyotropic Liquid Crystals by Ingo Dierking ,Antonio Martins Figueiredo Neto Pdf

Liquid crystals (LCs) were discovered more than a century ago, and were, for a long time, treated as a physical curiosity, until the development of flat panel screens and display devices caused a revolution in the information display industry, and in fact in society. There would be no mobile phones without liquid crystals, no flat screen TVs or computer monitors, no virtual reality, just to name a few of the applications that have changed our whole world of vision and perception. All of these inventions are based on liquid crystals that are formed through a change in temperature, thermotropic LCs. However, there is another form of liquid crystals, described even earlier, yet much less talked about; the lyotropic liquid crystals that occur through the change of concentration of some molecules in a solvent. These are found in abundance in nature, making up the cell membranes, and are used extensively in the food, detergents and cosmetics industries. In this collection of articles by experts in their respective research areas, we bring together some of the most recent and innovative aspects of lyotropic liquid crystals, which we believe will drive future research and set novel trends in this field.

Author : Ingo Dierking,Antonio Martins Figueiredo Neto
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3039433431

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New Trends in Lyotropic Liquid Crystals by Ingo Dierking,Antonio Martins Figueiredo Neto Pdf

Liquid crystals (LCs) were discovered more than a century ago, and were, for a long time, treated as a physical curiosity, until the development of flat panel screens and display devices caused a revolution in the information display industry, and in fact in society. There would be no mobile phones without liquid crystals, no flat screen TVs or computer monitors, no virtual reality, just to name a few of the applications that have changed our whole world of vision and perception. All of these inventions are based on liquid crystals that are formed through a change in temperature, thermotropic LCs. However, there is another form of liquid crystals, described even earlier, yet much less talked about; the lyotropic liquid crystals that occur through the change of concentration of some molecules in a solvent. These are found in abundance in nature, making up the cell membranes, and are used extensively in the food, detergents and cosmetics industries. In this collection of articles by experts in their respective research areas, we bring together some of the most recent and innovative aspects of lyotropic liquid crystals, which we believe will drive future research and set novel trends in this field.

Author : Nissim Garti,Ponisseril Somasundaran,Raffaele Mezzenga
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 503 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-08-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118336571

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Self-Assembled Supramolecular Architectures by Nissim Garti,Ponisseril Somasundaran,Raffaele Mezzenga Pdf

This book will describe fundamentals and recent developments in the area of Self-Assembled Supramolecular Architecture and their relevance to the understanding of the functionality of membranes as delivery systems for active ingredients. As the heirarchial architectures determine their performance capabilities, attention will be paid to theoretical and design aspects related to the construction of lyotropic liquid crystals: mesophases such as lamellar, hexagonal, cubic, sponge phase micellosomes. The book will bring to the reader mechanistic aspects, compositional considerations, transition within phases, solubilization capacities, drug entrapment and release mechanisms and transmembrane, transdermal, and other transport phenomena. It will stress the importance of these mesostructures to crystallization and polymorphism of drugs, fats, and nutraceuticals and will discuss regioselectivity of organic and enzymatic reactions that take place at interfaces and within the channels of the mesophase. The book will bring studies on the use of these mesophase as crystallization or particulation media for the formation of nanoparticles and nanocrystals. Chapters will discuss applications in the areas of pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, plastics, paper, agro-chemistry and industrial applications.

Author : Shri Singh
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 676 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783031526213

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Handbook of Liquid Crystals—Volume II by Shri Singh Pdf

Author : Birendra Bahadur
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810229518

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Liquid Crystals by Birendra Bahadur Pdf

This book reviews comprehensively the technological, scientific, artistic and medical applications of liquid crystals. It starts with the basics of liquid crystals and covers electro-optical, thermo-optical, colour, polymeric, lyotropic, and scientific applications of liquid crystalline materials. It discusses the fabrication and operational principles of a full range of liquid crystal displays including dynamic scattering, twisted nematic, supertwisted nematic, dichroic, smectic A, ferroelectric, polymer dispersed, light valve, active matrix, etc., in detail. It also covers the emerging applications of liquid crystals such as optical computing, nonlinear optics, decorative and visual arts. Classification, theory, chemical structure, physical properties and surface alignment of liquid crystals have detailed chapters to facilitate the basic understanding of the science behind LCDs and other uses of liquid crystals. The chapters, liquid crystal polymers and lyotropic liquid crystals, give deep insight into these areas. The potential uses and applications are also described in detail.

Author : Peter J. Collings,John W. Goodby
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 532 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-10-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351579834

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Introduction to Liquid Crystals by Peter J. Collings,John W. Goodby Pdf

Introduction to Liquid Crystals: Chemistry and Physics, Second Edition relies on only introductory level chemistry and physics as the foundation for understanding liquid crystal science. Liquid crystals combine the material properties of solids with the flow properties of fluids. As such they have provided the foundation for a revolution in low-power, flat-panel display technology (LCDs). In this book, the essential elements of liquid crystal science are introduced and explained from the perspectives of both the chemist and physicist. This new edition relies on only introductory level physics and chemistry as the foundation for understanding liquid crystal science and is, therefore, ideal for students and recent graduates. Features Introduces and explains the essential elements of liquid crystal science, including discussion of how liquid crystals have been utilized for innovative and important applications. New to this edition are over 300 figures, 90 end-of chapter exercises, and an increased scope that includes recent developments. Combines the knowledge of two eminent scientists in the field; they have fully updated and expanded the text to cover undergraduate/graduate course work as well as current research in what is now a billion-dollar industry. Immerses the reader in the vocabulary, structures, data, and kinetic models, rapidly building up an understanding of the theories and models in current use. Begins with a historical account of the discovery of liquid crystals and continues with a description of how different phases are generated and how different molecular architectures affect liquid crystal properties.

Author : Peter J. Collings,Michael Hird
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351988780

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Introduction to Liquid Crystals by Peter J. Collings,Michael Hird Pdf

This text relies on only introductory level physics and chemistry as the foundation for understanding liquid crystal science. Liquid crystals combine the material properties of solids with the flow properties of fluids. As such they have provided the foundation for a revolution in low- power, flat-panel display technology LCDs. In this book, the essential elements of liquid crystal science are introduced and explained from the perspectives of both the chemist and the physicist.; The text begins with an historical account of the discovery of liquid crystals and continues with a description of how different phases are generated and how different molecular architectures affect liquid crystalline properties. The rest of the book is concerned with understanding and explaining the properties of the various types of liquid crystals, and in the final part of the book, the technology of LCDs is discussed and illustrated.

Author : Glenn H. Brown
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1975
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0120250012

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Advances in Liquid Crystals by Glenn H. Brown Pdf

Advances in Liquid Crystals, Volume I is a collection of papers dealing with lyotropic and thermotropic liquid crystals. One paper discusses lyotropic liquid crystalline phases in systems of amphiphilic compounds, including the liquid crystalline phases, lyotropic liquid crystalline phase, the """"gel"""" phases, and the transition between normal and reversed mesophases. Another paper describes the ordering and structure of liquid crystals by reviewing research work on X-ray analysis of thermotropic liquid crystals. One paper explains the studies made on the mesomorphic behavior of block copo ...

Author : James A. Schwarz,Cristian I. Contescu,Karol Putyera
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 722 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Science
ISBN : 0824750500

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Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology by James A. Schwarz,Cristian I. Contescu,Karol Putyera Pdf

Author : Miguel Angel Herrero,Enrique Zuazua
Publisher : Editorial Complutense
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Education
ISBN : 8489365946

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Current Trends in Applied Mathematics by Miguel Angel Herrero,Enrique Zuazua Pdf

Author : Ranjita Shegokar
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2020-03-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128178713

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Drug Delivery Trends by Ranjita Shegokar Pdf

Drug Delivery Trends examines a drift in the pharmaceutical field across the wide range of dosage forms, drug delivery systems (micro and nanoparticulate), at the regulatory front and on new types of therapies in the market. This volume additionally covers the challenges on drug delivery systems in terms of preclinical and current ways of determining quality and the options to solve the challenges associated with this. Most small-medium scale industries and academics struggle with initial regulatory challenges so a detailed discussion on regulatory trend covers the necessary basic understanding of regulatory procedures and provides the required guidance. The series Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems examines the fabrication, optimization, biological aspects, regulatory and clinical success of wide range of drug delivery carriers. This series reviews multifunctionality and applications of drug delivery systems, industrial trends, regulatory challenges and in vivo success stories. Throughout the volumes discussions on diverse aspects of drug delivery carriers, such as clinical, engineering, and regulatory, facilitate insight sharing across expertise area and form a link for collaborations between industry-academic scientists and clinical researchers. Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems connects formulation scientists, regulatory experts, engineers, clinical experts and regulatory stake holders. The wide scope of the book ensures it as a valuable reference resource for researchers in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry who want to learn more about drug delivery systems. Encompasses trends in drug delivery systems and selected dosage forms Illustrates regulatory, preclinical and quality principles Contains in-depth investigation of upcoming types of drug delivery systems

Author : Quan Li
Publisher : Springer
Page : 500 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2015-06-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319182933

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Anisotropic Nanomaterials by Quan Li Pdf

In this book anisotropic one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanoscale building blocks and their assembly into fascinating and qualitatively new functional structures embracing both hard and soft components are explained. Contributions from leading experts regarding important aspects like synthesis, assembly, properties and applications of the above materials are compiled into a reference book. The anisotropy, i.e. the direction-dependent physical properties, of materials is fascinating and elegant and has sparked the quest for anisotropic materials with useful properties. With such a curiosity, material scientists have ventured into the realm of nanometer length scale and have explored the anisotropic nanoscale building blocks such as metallic and nonmetallic particles as well as organic molecular aggregates. It turns out that the anisotropic nanoscale building blocks, in addition to direction-dependent properties, exhibit dimension and morphology dependence of physical properties. Moreover, ordered arrays of anisotropic nanoscale building blocks furnish novel properties into the resulting system which would be entirely different from the properties of individual ones. Undoubtedly, these promising properties have qualified them as enabling building blocks of 21st century materials science, nanoscience and nanotechnology. Readers will find this book professionally valuable and intellectually stimulating in the rapidly emerging area of anisotropic nanomaterials. Quan Li, Ph.D., is Director of the Organic Synthesis and Advanced Materials Laboratory at the Liquid Crystal Institute of Kent State University, where he is also Adjunct Professor in the Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program. He has directed research projects funded by US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFSOR), US Army Research Office (ARO), US Department of Defense Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (DoD MURI), US National Science Foundation (NSF), US Department of Energy (DOE), US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Ohio Third Frontier, and Samsung Electronics, among others.

Author : CL Khetrapal,A. Kunwar,A.S. Tracey,P. Diehl
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 89 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642454738

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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies in Lyotropic Liquid Crystals by CL Khetrapal,A. Kunwar,A.S. Tracey,P. Diehl Pdf

1. Lyotropic Liquid Crystals The class of compounds known as thermotropic liquid crystals has been widely utilized in basic research and industry during recent years. The properties of these materials are such that on heating from the solid to the isotropic liquid state, phase transitions occur with the formation of one or more intermediate anisotropic liquids. The unique and sometimes startling properties of these liquid crystals are the properties of pure compounds. However, there exists a second class of substances known as lyotropic liquid crystals which obtain their anisotropic properties from the mixing of two or more components. One of the components is amphiphilic, containing a polar head group (generally ionic or zwitterionic) attached to one or more long-chain hydrocarbons; the second component is usually water. Lyotropic liquid crystals occur abundantly in nature, particularly in all living systems. As a consequence, a bright future seems assured for studies on such systems. Even now, many of the properties of these systems are poorly understood. It is the purpose of this review to consolidate the results obtained from nuclear magnetic resonance studies of such systems and to provide a coherent picture of the field. Probably the most familiar example of a lyotropic liquid crystal is soap in water. A common soap is sodium dodecylsulphate where an ionic group (sulphate) is attached to a hydrocarbon chain containing twelve carbons.

Author : Sergey Y. Yurish Editor
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2018-10-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780244423285

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Advances in Optics Reviews 1 by Sergey Y. Yurish Editor Pdf

ÔAdvances in Optics: ReviewsÕ Book Series is a comprehensive study of the field of optics, which provides readers with the most up-to-date coverage of optics, photonics and lasers with a good balance of practical and theoretical aspects. Directed towards both physicists and engineers this Book Series is also suitable for audiences focusing on applications of optics. A clear comprehensive presentation makes these books work well as both a teaching resources and a reference books. The book is intended for researchers and scientists in physics and optics, in academia and industry, as well as postgraduate students. The Vol.1 is devoted to various topics of optics and optic instrumentation, and contains 17 chapters written by 36 experts in the field from 15 countries: Brazil, China, Denmark, France, Germany, India, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Turkey, Slovenia, South Korea, UK, Ukraine and USA.

Author : Duncan W. Bruce,Dermot O'Hare,Richard I. Walton
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2011-04-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119972952

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Molecular Materials by Duncan W. Bruce,Dermot O'Hare,Richard I. Walton Pdf

“... the book does an excellent job of putting together several different classes of materials. Many common points emerge, and the book may facilitate the development of hybrids in which the qualities of the “parents” are enhanced.” –Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011 With applications in optoelectronics and photonics, quantum information processing, nanotechnology and data storage, molecular materials enrich our daily lives in countless ways. These materials have properties that depend on their exact structure, the degree of order in the way the molecules are aligned and their crystalline nature. Small, delicate changes in molecular structure can totally alter the properties of the material in bulk. There has been increasing emphasis on functional metal complexes that demonstrate a wide range of physical phenomena. Molecular Materials represents the diversity of the area, encapsulating magnetic, optical and electrical properties, with chapters on: Metal-Based Quadratic Nonlinear Optical Materials Physical Properties of Metallomesogens Molecular Magnetic Materials Molecular Inorganic Conductors and Superconductors Molecular Nanomagnets Structured to include a clear introduction, a discussion of the basic concepts and up-to-date coverage of key aspects, each chapter provides a detailed review which conveys the excitement of work in that field. Additional volumes in the Inorganic Materials Series: Low-Dimensional Solids | Molecular Materials | Porous Materials | Energy Materials