Nk Cells In Cancer Immunotherapy Successes And Challenges

Author : Anahid Jewett,Yuman Fong
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2022-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128226261

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NK Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy: Successes and Challenges by Anahid Jewett,Yuman Fong Pdf

NK Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy: Successes and Challenges explains the latest immunotherapeutic strategies, focusing on NK cells to allow the best and precise combination treatments to cancer patients. The book provides existing background knowledge in the field of immunotherapy and discusses future areas of research required to carry out cutting-edge, validated therapies. Chapters cover advances in immunotherapeutic strategies, in particular, the use of NK cells with and without T-cell therapy in the treatment of cancer. The book is a valuable resource for cancer researchers, oncologists, graduate students and those interested in learning more about novel strategies to treat cancer patients. Immunotherapy is fast becoming the method of choice for cancer therapy. Although remarkable advances have been made in the field of immunotherapy, there are significant challenges and difficulties ahead since many of the current immunotherapeutic strategies do not provide long-lasting treatment strategies, and therefore are not very effective. Covers CAR/T and CAR/NK and adoptive NK cell therapy with and without T cell therapies Discusses basic biology of NK cells and mouse models of human cancers and the role of NK cells in metastatic cancer and in cancer stem cells Encompasses information on combination therapies using check point inhibition, adoptive transfer of cytotoxic effector cells, chemotherapeutic drugs and activating and inhibitory antibodies

Author : Benjamin Bonavida,Anahid Jewett
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2021-06-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128243961

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Successes and Challenges of NK Immunotherapy by Benjamin Bonavida,Anahid Jewett Pdf

Successes and Challenges of NK Immunotherapy: Increasing Anti-tumor Efficacy describes the unique therapeutic applications of NK cells to fight cancers and eliminate the bulk and subset of cancer stem cells responsible for metastasis, relapse and recurrences. The book provides information on the development, engineering, mechanisms of action, response to various preclinical models, and applications in various clinical trials. Sections cover the development of highly engineered cytotoxic NK cells, their mechanisms of action, preclinical and clinical applications, the development and application of CAR-NK cells, and new NK-drug conjugates, also emphasizing that activated NK cells can target and kill highly resistant cancer stem cells. Written by the leading experts on NK immunotherapy worldwide, this is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians and members of the biomedical field who are interested in understanding novel and efficient therapies to fight cancers. Discusses the unique developmental applications of NK immunotherapy against cancers, which differs greatly from other types of immunotherapies Provides up-to-date and highly relevant information through chapters written by the leading researchers in the field Presents a significant number of schematic diagrams for easy understanding and reproducibility

Author : Maverick Davies
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2022-09-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1639873988

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NK Immunotherapy: Success and Challenges by Maverick Davies Pdf

Natural killer cells (NK cells) are the lymphocytes which belong to the same family as B and T cells, because they differentiate from a common progenitor. These cells detect and control early signs of cancer, and also recognize and kill virally infected cells. Specialized natural killer cells are found in placenta and are also known to play an important role in pregnancy. To enhance the immune system, natural killer cells secrete cytokines such as IFNγ and TNFα which act on other immune cells. Activating receptors recognize the molecules which are present on the surface of infected and cancer cells and switch on the natural killer cells. This book explores all the important aspects of natural killer cells. It brings forth the role of natural killer cells in disease response. In this book, using case studies and examples, constant effort has been made to make the understanding of the difficult concepts of this field as easy and informative as possible, for the readers.

Author : Prashant Trikha,Monica Thakar,Conrad Russell Cruz
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-24
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889635641

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Current Perspectives, Challenges and Advances in Cell Based Therapies by Prashant Trikha,Monica Thakar,Conrad Russell Cruz Pdf

Author : Leisheng Zhang
Publisher : Intechopen
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2023-02-22
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1837684804

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Natural Killer Cells - Lessons and Challenges by Leisheng Zhang Pdf

Natural killer (NK) cells are immune cells that can eliminate pathogenic microorganisms, aging cells, and tumor cells. State-of-the-art renewal has indicated the feasibility of large-scale preparation of autogenous and allogeneic NK cells from a variety of sources including peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, placental blood, NK cell lines, and even stem cells such as pluripotent stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells. In the meantime, a range of methodologies has been developed for ex vivo expansion and activation of NK cells such as monolayer culture, coculture with trophoblast cells, bioreactors, cytokine cocktails, and physicochemical irritation. NK cell-based cytotherapy has proven effective for a variety of hematologic malignancies and metastatic solid tumors. This book provides a comprehensive overview of NK cell-based cytotherapy for cancer treatment, immunosurveillance, and immunotherapy.

Author : Francisco Borrego,Susana Larrucea,Rafael Solana,Raquel Tarazona
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2016-09-08
Category : Immunologic diseases. Allergy
ISBN : 9782889199341

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NK Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy by Francisco Borrego,Susana Larrucea,Rafael Solana,Raquel Tarazona Pdf

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that have a significant role in regulating the defenses against cancer development and certain viral infections. They are equipped with an array of activating and inhibitory receptors that stimulate or diminish NK cell activity, respectively. Inhibitory receptors include, among others, the MHC class I ligands killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) in humans, and members of the Ly49 family of receptors in mice, and CD94/NKG2A. Activating receptors include cytokine and chemokine receptors, and those that interact with ligands expressed on target cells, such as the natural cytotoxicity receptors or NCRs (NKp30, NKp44 and NKp46), NKG2D, CD244 and DNAM-1. In addition, NK cells express Fc?RIIIA or CD16, the receptor that exerts antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). NK cells also express the death ligands FasL and TRAIL. The killing or sparing of target cells depends on the integration of distinct signals that originate from NK cell receptors. NK cells spare healthy cells that express normal levels of MHC class I molecules and low amounts of stress-induced self-molecules, whereas they kill target cells that down-regulate MHC class I molecules and/or up-regulate stress-induced self-molecules. The latter are common signatures of virus-infected cells and tumors. All the accumulated knowledge on NK cell biology, along with many clinical observations, is driving multiple efforts to improve the arsenal of NK cell-based therapeutic tools in the fight against malignant diseases. Indeed, NK cell-based immunotherapy is becoming a promising approach for the treatment of many cancers. It is well known that NK cells have a significant role in the anti-tumor effect of therapeutic antibodies that use ADCC as a mechanism of action. In addition to this, administration of autologous and allogeneic NK cells after activation and expansion ex vivo is used in the treatment of cancer. Moreover, adoptive transfer of NK cell lines has been tested in humans, and genetically modified NK cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors are being studied in preclinical models for potential use in the clinic.

Author : Mirko Paiardini,Rafi Ahmed,Steven Grant Deeks,Kavita M. Dhodapkar
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2020-05-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889637164

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HIV and Cancer Immunotherapy: Similar Challenges and Converging Approaches by Mirko Paiardini,Rafi Ahmed,Steven Grant Deeks,Kavita M. Dhodapkar Pdf

Author : Mary L. Disis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 516 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2007-10-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781597450119

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Immunotherapy of Cancer by Mary L. Disis Pdf

Expert bench and clinical scientists join forces to concurrently review both the state-of-the-art in tumor immunology and its clinical translation into promising practical treatments. The authors explain in each chapter the scientific basis behind such therapeutic agents as monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, vaccines, and T-cells, and illustrate their clinical manipulation to combat cancer. Additional chapters address statistical analysis-both of clinical trials and assay evaluations-methods for the discovery of antigens, adoptive T cell therapy, and adaptive and innate immunity. The challenges in clinical trial design, the need for biomarkers of response-such as novel imaging techniques and immunologic monitoring-and the new advances and directions in cancer immunotherapy are also fully examined.

Author : Anand Rotte,Madhuri Bhandaru
Publisher : Springer
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2016-12-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319480664

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Immunotherapy of Melanoma by Anand Rotte,Madhuri Bhandaru Pdf

This book focusses on the different types of immunotherapeutics that are currently being used and developed for the treatment of melanoma. In recent years, immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic melanoma and other types of cancer. Discussing treatment options for melanoma and the success of immunotherapy along with the challenges of immunotherapy, this book covers epidemiology, susceptibility genes, and treatment recommendations from Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer, as well as immune based therapies such as aldesleukin, Intron-A, Sylatron, Yervoy, Opdivo, Keytruda, Imlygic, DC vaccines and adoptive cell therapy. The detailed information included on the key immune cells involved in anti-tumor immune response and immune-inhibitory mechanisms in tumor microenvironment will aid the understanding of tumor immunology. Both academic as well as industry-based researchers, developing novel anti-cancer therapies, will also benefit from the details of promising molecular targets and immunotherapeutic strategies under investigation. With 132 illustrations including synopsis tables for important information, over 1200 references (majority of which are openly accessible) and details of more than 150 ongoing clinical trials, this book is a valuable source of information for health care providers as well as cancer biologists interested in learning about melanoma and the significant advances made by immunotherapy.

Author : Laurence J. N. Cooper,Elizabeth A. Mittendorf,Judy Moyes,Sabitha Prabhakaran
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2018-05-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118123225

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Immunotherapy in Translational Cancer Research by Laurence J. N. Cooper,Elizabeth A. Mittendorf,Judy Moyes,Sabitha Prabhakaran Pdf

A guide to state-of-the-art cancer immunotherapy in translational cancer research A volume in the Translational Oncology series, Immunotherapy in Translational Cancer Research explores the recent developments in the role that immunotherapy plays in the treatment of a wide range of cancers. The editors present key concepts, illustrative examples, and suggest alternative strategies in order to achieve individualized targeted therapy. Comprehensive in scope, Immunotherapy in Translational Cancer Research reviews the relevant history, current state, and the future of burgeoning cancer-fighting therapies. The book also includes critical information on drug development, clinical trials, and governmental resources and regulatory issues. Each chapter is created to feature: development of the immunotherapy; challenges that have been overcome in order to scale up and undertake clinical trials; and clinical experience and application of research. This authoritative volume is edited by a team of noted experts from MD Anderson Cancer Center, the world’s foremost cancer research and care center and: Offers a comprehensive presentation of state-of-the-art cancer immunotherapy research that accelerates the pace of clinical cancer care Filled with the concepts, examples, and approaches for developing individualized therapy Explores the breath of treatments that reflect the complexity of the immune system itself Includes contributions from a panel international experts in the field of immunotherapy Designed for physicians, medical students, scientists, pharmaceutical executives, public health and public policy government leaders and community oncologists, this essential resource offers a guide to the bidirectional interaction between laboratory and clinic immunotherapy cancer research.

Author : Jan B. Vermorken,Volker Budach,C. René Leemans,Jean-Pascal Machiels,Piero Nicolai,Brian O'Sullivan
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2023-03-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783031231759

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Critical Issues in Head and Neck Oncology by Jan B. Vermorken,Volker Budach,C. René Leemans,Jean-Pascal Machiels,Piero Nicolai,Brian O'Sullivan Pdf

This is an open access book. With a wealth of exciting data emerging in this rapidly evolving field this book will review the state-of-the-art knowledge with emphasis on multidisciplinary decision and management of head and neck cancer. The book provides significant detail on a wide range of topics including: the role of new targets for treatment, immunotherapy, resistance mechanisms, standardizing molecular profiling programs, and new methods to guide therapeutic approaches. In addition different disease situations are addressed including different treatment approaches in primary disease and in recurrent and/or metastatic disease as well as new developments in pathology, surgery and reconstruction techniques, new systemic therapies in salivary gland cancer, and supportive care and follow-up. All disciplines involved in the treatment of head & neck cancer are covered with a focus on translation into daily practice. The 8th-THNO is designed for medical oncologists, head and neck surgeons, radiation oncologists, otolaryngologists, and other medical professionals involved in the treatment of patients with head and neck cancer.

Author : Sandro Matosevic
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 0128206276

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Breaking Tolerance to Unresponsiveness to Immunotherapy by Natural Killer Cells by Sandro Matosevic Pdf

Breaking Tolerance to Unresponsiveness to Immunotherapy by Natural Killer Cells presents chapters by leaders in translational natural killer cell research and bridges the gap between clinical need and basic science by presenting state-of-the-art knowledge on innate immunity and the challenges associated with translating it to practical adoptive immunotherapies. New approaches, such as the genetic engineering of NK cells and their combination with checkpoint blockade therapies are discussed among other potential interventions to improve natural killer cell functionality against targets. In addition, challenges, such as the difficulty in genetically modifying NK cells or a poor understanding of their effect on checkpoint inhibition are included. The book is a key reference and go-to resource for researchers and clinicians who want to understand the current limitations associated with bringing natural killer cell-based immunotherapies to the clinic. Discusses translational aspects from leaders in the field to facilitate readers' understanding of clinical challenges Addresses important events that occur in patient tumor microenvironments as they pertain to NK cells and how they are, or can be, tackled to overcome immunosuppression of NK cells Focuses on immunometabolism by discussing the metabolic reprogramming that NK cells undergo in solid tumors, including hypoxia, adenosine and other metabolites

Author : Anne Le
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 283 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2021-05-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030657680

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The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism by Anne Le Pdf

This open access volume will introduce recent discoveries in cancer metabolism since the publication of the first edition in 2018, providing readers with an up-to-date understanding of developments in the field. Genetic alterations in cancer, in addition to being the fundamental drivers of tumorigenesis, can give rise to a variety of metabolic adaptations that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate in diverse tumor microenvironments. This metabolic flexibility is different from normal cellular metabolic processes and leads to heterogeneity in cancer metabolism within the same cancer type or even within the same tumor. In this book, the authors delve into the complexity and diversity of cancer metabolism and highlight how understanding the heterogeneity of cancer metabolism is fundamental to the development of effective metabolism-based therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. Deciphering how cancer cells utilize various nutrient resources will enable clinicians and researchers to pair specific chemotherapeutic agents with patients who are most likely to respond with positive outcomes, allowing for more cost-effective and personalized cancer treatment. This book has four major parts. Part one will cover the basic metabolism of cancer cells, followed by a discussion of the heterogeneity of cancer metabolism in part two. Part three addresses the relationship between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts, and the new part four will explore the metabolic interplay between cancer and other diseases. This new section makes the book unique from other texts currently available on the market. The second edition will be useful for cancer metabolism researchers, cancer biologists, epidemiologists, physicians, health care professionals in related disciplines, policymakers, marketing and economic strategists, among others. It may also be used in courses such as intro to cancer metabolism, cancer biology, and related biochemistry courses for undergraduate and graduate students.

Author : Tim F. Greten
Publisher : Springer
Page : 167 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017-10-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319649580

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Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Tim F. Greten Pdf

In this book we provide insights into liver – cancer and immunology. Experts in the field provide an overview over fundamental immunological questions in liver cancer and tumorimmunology, which form the base for immune based approaches in HCC, which gain increasing interest in the community due to first promising results obtained in early clinical trials. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer related death in the United States. Treatment options are limited. Viral hepatitis is one of the major risk factors for HCC, which represents a typical “inflammation-induced” cancer. Immune-based treatment approaches have revolutionized oncology in recent years. Various treatment strategies have received FDA approval including dendritic cell vaccination, for prostate cancer as well as immune checkpoint inhibition targeting the CTLA4 or the PD1/PDL1 axis in melanoma, lung, and kidney cancer. Additionally, cell based therapies (adoptive T cell therapy, CAR T cells and TCR transduced T cells) have demonstrated significant efficacy in patients with B cell malignancies and melanoma. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in particular have generated enormous excitement across the entire field of oncology, providing a significant benefit to a minority of patients.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,National Cancer Policy Forum
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2016-12-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309442329

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Policy Issues in the Clinical Development and Use of Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,National Cancer Policy Forum Pdf

Immunotherapy is a form of cancer therapy that harnesses the body's immune system to destroy cancer cells. In recent years, immunotherapies have been developed for several cancers, including advanced melanoma, lung cancer, and kidney cancer. In some patients with metastatic cancers who have not responded well to other treatments, immunotherapy treatment has resulted in complete and durable responses. Given these promising findings, it is hoped that continued immunotherapy research and development will produce better cancer treatments that improve patient outcomes. With this promise, however, there is also recognition that the clinical and biological landscape for immunotherapies is novel and not yet well understood. For example, adverse events with immunotherapy treatment are quite different from those experienced with other types of cancer therapy. Similarly, immunotherapy dosing, therapeutic responses, and response time lines are also markedly different from other cancer therapies. To examine these challenges and explore strategies to overcome them, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop in February and March of 2016. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.