Nk Immunotherapy Success And Challenges

Author : Maverick Davies
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2022-09-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1639873988

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NK Immunotherapy: Success and Challenges by Maverick Davies Pdf

Natural killer cells (NK cells) are the lymphocytes which belong to the same family as B and T cells, because they differentiate from a common progenitor. These cells detect and control early signs of cancer, and also recognize and kill virally infected cells. Specialized natural killer cells are found in placenta and are also known to play an important role in pregnancy. To enhance the immune system, natural killer cells secrete cytokines such as IFNγ and TNFα which act on other immune cells. Activating receptors recognize the molecules which are present on the surface of infected and cancer cells and switch on the natural killer cells. This book explores all the important aspects of natural killer cells. It brings forth the role of natural killer cells in disease response. In this book, using case studies and examples, constant effort has been made to make the understanding of the difficult concepts of this field as easy and informative as possible, for the readers.

Author : Benjamin Bonavida,Anahid Jewett
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2021-06-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128243961

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Successes and Challenges of NK Immunotherapy by Benjamin Bonavida,Anahid Jewett Pdf

Successes and Challenges of NK Immunotherapy: Increasing Anti-tumor Efficacy describes the unique therapeutic applications of NK cells to fight cancers and eliminate the bulk and subset of cancer stem cells responsible for metastasis, relapse and recurrences. The book provides information on the development, engineering, mechanisms of action, response to various preclinical models, and applications in various clinical trials. Sections cover the development of highly engineered cytotoxic NK cells, their mechanisms of action, preclinical and clinical applications, the development and application of CAR-NK cells, and new NK-drug conjugates, also emphasizing that activated NK cells can target and kill highly resistant cancer stem cells. Written by the leading experts on NK immunotherapy worldwide, this is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians and members of the biomedical field who are interested in understanding novel and efficient therapies to fight cancers. Discusses the unique developmental applications of NK immunotherapy against cancers, which differs greatly from other types of immunotherapies Provides up-to-date and highly relevant information through chapters written by the leading researchers in the field Presents a significant number of schematic diagrams for easy understanding and reproducibility

Author : Anahid Jewett,Yuman Fong
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2022-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128226261

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NK Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy: Successes and Challenges by Anahid Jewett,Yuman Fong Pdf

NK Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy: Successes and Challenges explains the latest immunotherapeutic strategies, focusing on NK cells to allow the best and precise combination treatments to cancer patients. The book provides existing background knowledge in the field of immunotherapy and discusses future areas of research required to carry out cutting-edge, validated therapies. Chapters cover advances in immunotherapeutic strategies, in particular, the use of NK cells with and without T-cell therapy in the treatment of cancer. The book is a valuable resource for cancer researchers, oncologists, graduate students and those interested in learning more about novel strategies to treat cancer patients. Immunotherapy is fast becoming the method of choice for cancer therapy. Although remarkable advances have been made in the field of immunotherapy, there are significant challenges and difficulties ahead since many of the current immunotherapeutic strategies do not provide long-lasting treatment strategies, and therefore are not very effective. Covers CAR/T and CAR/NK and adoptive NK cell therapy with and without T cell therapies Discusses basic biology of NK cells and mouse models of human cancers and the role of NK cells in metastatic cancer and in cancer stem cells Encompasses information on combination therapies using check point inhibition, adoptive transfer of cytotoxic effector cells, chemotherapeutic drugs and activating and inhibitory antibodies

Author : Prashant Trikha,Monica Thakar,Conrad Russell Cruz
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-24
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889635641

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Current Perspectives, Challenges and Advances in Cell Based Therapies by Prashant Trikha,Monica Thakar,Conrad Russell Cruz Pdf

Author : Francisco Borrego,Susana Larrucea,Rafael Solana,Raquel Tarazona
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2016-09-08
Category : Immunologic diseases. Allergy
ISBN : 9782889199341

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NK Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy by Francisco Borrego,Susana Larrucea,Rafael Solana,Raquel Tarazona Pdf

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that have a significant role in regulating the defenses against cancer development and certain viral infections. They are equipped with an array of activating and inhibitory receptors that stimulate or diminish NK cell activity, respectively. Inhibitory receptors include, among others, the MHC class I ligands killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) in humans, and members of the Ly49 family of receptors in mice, and CD94/NKG2A. Activating receptors include cytokine and chemokine receptors, and those that interact with ligands expressed on target cells, such as the natural cytotoxicity receptors or NCRs (NKp30, NKp44 and NKp46), NKG2D, CD244 and DNAM-1. In addition, NK cells express Fc?RIIIA or CD16, the receptor that exerts antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). NK cells also express the death ligands FasL and TRAIL. The killing or sparing of target cells depends on the integration of distinct signals that originate from NK cell receptors. NK cells spare healthy cells that express normal levels of MHC class I molecules and low amounts of stress-induced self-molecules, whereas they kill target cells that down-regulate MHC class I molecules and/or up-regulate stress-induced self-molecules. The latter are common signatures of virus-infected cells and tumors. All the accumulated knowledge on NK cell biology, along with many clinical observations, is driving multiple efforts to improve the arsenal of NK cell-based therapeutic tools in the fight against malignant diseases. Indeed, NK cell-based immunotherapy is becoming a promising approach for the treatment of many cancers. It is well known that NK cells have a significant role in the anti-tumor effect of therapeutic antibodies that use ADCC as a mechanism of action. In addition to this, administration of autologous and allogeneic NK cells after activation and expansion ex vivo is used in the treatment of cancer. Moreover, adoptive transfer of NK cell lines has been tested in humans, and genetically modified NK cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors are being studied in preclinical models for potential use in the clinic.

Author : Mumtaz Y. Balkhi
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128197479

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Basics of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) Immunotherapy by Mumtaz Y. Balkhi Pdf

Basics of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) Immunotherapy presents the latest on how T cell adoptive immunotherapy has progressed in its ultimate goal of curing metastatic malignant cancers. Recent clinical data obtained with checkpoint receptor blockade inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy has been especially promising, thus generating renewed hope that we may be on the verge of finally curing cancer. Over the years, huge progress has been made in controlling several stage IV metastasized cancers through the clinical application of checkpoint receptor inhibitory drugs and CAR-Therapy that has seen unprecedented interest in the immunotherapy field. Presents the first book to provide a basic understanding of chimeric antigen receptor (CARs) design, production and clinical application protocols Provides unique authority as the editor has worked directly with CARs Discusses the challenges encountered in actual clinical trials and how these challenges can be overcome Includes a full chapter on various challenges researchers should expect to encounter in the CAR-therapy field

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2018-01-03
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9789004355620

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Architecture and Control by Anonim Pdf

Architecture and Control addresses the urgent question residing at the intersection of architectural and cultural theory: how can the interplay between designed structures and practices of control foster an emergence of the unforeseen and the uncontrolled in post-2000 architectures and infrastructures?

Author : Tim F. Greten
Publisher : Springer
Page : 167 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2017-10-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319649580

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Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Tim F. Greten Pdf

In this book we provide insights into liver – cancer and immunology. Experts in the field provide an overview over fundamental immunological questions in liver cancer and tumorimmunology, which form the base for immune based approaches in HCC, which gain increasing interest in the community due to first promising results obtained in early clinical trials. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer related death in the United States. Treatment options are limited. Viral hepatitis is one of the major risk factors for HCC, which represents a typical “inflammation-induced” cancer. Immune-based treatment approaches have revolutionized oncology in recent years. Various treatment strategies have received FDA approval including dendritic cell vaccination, for prostate cancer as well as immune checkpoint inhibition targeting the CTLA4 or the PD1/PDL1 axis in melanoma, lung, and kidney cancer. Additionally, cell based therapies (adoptive T cell therapy, CAR T cells and TCR transduced T cells) have demonstrated significant efficacy in patients with B cell malignancies and melanoma. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in particular have generated enormous excitement across the entire field of oncology, providing a significant benefit to a minority of patients.

Author : Nicolaus Kröger,John Gribben,Christian Chabannon,Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha,Hermann Einsele
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2022-02-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030943530

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The EBMT/EHA CAR-T Cell Handbook by Nicolaus Kröger,John Gribben,Christian Chabannon,Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha,Hermann Einsele Pdf

This first open access European CAR-T Handbook, co-promoted by the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) and the European Hematology Association (EHA), covers several aspects of CAR-T cell treatments, including the underlying biology, indications, management of side-effects, access and manufacturing issues. This book, written by leading experts in the field to enhance readers’ knowledge and practice skills, provides an unparalleled overview of the CAR-T cell technology and its application in clinical care, to enhance readers’ knowledge and practice skills.

Author : Srinivas S. Somanchi
Publisher : Humana Press
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2016-05-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1493936824

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Natural Killer Cells by Srinivas S. Somanchi Pdf

This volume contains collection of Natural Killer Cell methodologies relevant for both basic and translational research. These methodologies present new developments in the natural killer (NK) cell field, such as understanding the influence of NK cells metabolism on its function, identifying complexity of NK cell subsets through mass cytometry, and determining the emergence of memory NK cells in murine model of MCMV infection. Methods that study NK cell migration and cytotoxicity through endpoint analysis or live single cell imaging are also discussed. Chapters also describe methods pertaining to translational application of NK cells, such as ex vivo expansion of NK cells on K562 cell lines genetically modified to express either membrane bound IL-15 or membrane bound IL-21, large scale NK cell culture, current techniques for engineering NK cells to express chimeric antigen receptors or chemokine receptors using retroviral vectors, electroporation of mRNA, and the natural phenomenon of trogocytosis. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, these chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting edge and thorough, Natural Killer Cells: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for researchers who not only want to understand mechanisms that govern NK cell behavior and diversity, but also for those who want to understand how to systematically evaluate NK cells for adoptive immunotherapy applications.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,National Cancer Policy Forum
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2016-12-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309442329

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Policy Issues in the Clinical Development and Use of Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,National Cancer Policy Forum Pdf

Immunotherapy is a form of cancer therapy that harnesses the body's immune system to destroy cancer cells. In recent years, immunotherapies have been developed for several cancers, including advanced melanoma, lung cancer, and kidney cancer. In some patients with metastatic cancers who have not responded well to other treatments, immunotherapy treatment has resulted in complete and durable responses. Given these promising findings, it is hoped that continued immunotherapy research and development will produce better cancer treatments that improve patient outcomes. With this promise, however, there is also recognition that the clinical and biological landscape for immunotherapies is novel and not yet well understood. For example, adverse events with immunotherapy treatment are quite different from those experienced with other types of cancer therapy. Similarly, immunotherapy dosing, therapeutic responses, and response time lines are also markedly different from other cancer therapies. To examine these challenges and explore strategies to overcome them, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop in February and March of 2016. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Author : Michael T. Lotze,Angus W. Thomson
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 660 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2009-11-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0080919294

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Natural Killer Cells by Michael T. Lotze,Angus W. Thomson Pdf

Natural Killer Cells explains the importance of killer cells and how they are produced. It mentions that the most likely explanation for killer cell production is that they serve as a complementary system for T cells as a primary defense against viruses. However, these cells defend against certain viruses only, such as herpes viruses and influenza viruses. The book also explains the primary functions of killer cells, and it discusses how these cells help recognize damaged tissues, limit further damage to tissues, and regenerate damaged tissues. It discusses how these cells mature and develop, and it covers the different isolation, culture, and propagation methods of these cells. Furthermore, it focuses on the different killer cells that are present in various parts of the human body. The book concludes by explaining that natural killer cells are utilized for clinical therapy of malignancies, and that they have led to positive outcomes in the field of biology and medicine. Provides a broad, detailed coverage of the biology and interactions of NK cells for students, fellows, scientists, and practitioners Includes figures, histologic sections, and illustrations of the ontogeny of NK cells

Author : Thomas F. Kresina
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2004-03-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780471461043

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An Introduction to Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy by Thomas F. Kresina Pdf

An Introduction to Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy Edited by Thomas F. Kresina, Ph.D. Gene therapy, or the use of genetic manipulation for disease treatment, is derived from advances in genetics, molecular biology, clinical medicine, and human genomics. Molecular medicine, the application of molecular biological techniques to disease treatment and diagnosis, is derived from the development of human organ transplantation, pharmacotherapy, and elucidation of the human genome. An Introduction to Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy provides a basis for interpreting new clinical and basic research findings in the areas of cloning, gene transfer, and targeting; the applications of genetic medicine to clinical conditions; ethics and governmental regulations; and the burgeoning fields of genomics, biotechnology, and bioinformatics. By dividing the material into three sections - an introduction to basic science, a review of clinical applications, and a discussion of the evolving issues related to gene therapy and molecular medicine-this comprehensive manual describes the basic approaches to the broad range of actual and potential genetic-based therapies. In addition, An Introduction to Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy: * Covers new frontiers in gene therapy, animal models, vectors, gene targeting, and ethical/legal considerations * Provides organ-based reviews of current studies in gene therapy for monogenetic, multifactoral or polygenic disorders, and infectious diseases * Includes bold-faced terms, key concepts, summaries, and lists of helpful references by subject in each chapter * Contains appendices on commercial implications and a review of the history of gene therapy This textbook offers a clear, concise writing style, drawing upon the expertise of the authors, all renowned researchers in their respective specialties of molecular medicine. Researchers in genetics and molecular medicine will all find An Introduction to Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy to be an essential guide to the rapidly evolving field of gene therapy and its applications in molecular medicine.

Author : Paulette Mehta
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
Page : 516 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Bone marrow
ISBN : 0763718556

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Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation by Paulette Mehta Pdf

This textbook examines stem cell transplatation in pediatric patients.

Author : Peter L. Stern,Peter C. L. Beverley,Miles Carroll
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2000-08-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0521622638

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Cancer Vaccines and Immunotherapy by Peter L. Stern,Peter C. L. Beverley,Miles Carroll Pdf

Rapid progress in the definition of tumor antigens, and improved immunization methods, bring effective cancer vaccines within reach. In this wide-ranging survey, leading clinicians and scientists review therapeutic cancer vaccine strategies against a variety of diseases and molecular targets. Intended for an interdisciplinary readership, their contributions cover the rationale, development, and implementation of vaccines in human cancer treatment, with specific reference to cancer of the cervix, breast, colon, bladder, and prostate, and to melanoma and lymphoma. They review target identification, delivery vectors and clinical trial design. The book begins and ends with lucid overviews from the editors, that discuss the most recent developments.