Noise And The Brain

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Noise and the Brain

Jos J. Eggermont
Noise and the Brain Book PDF

Author : Jos J. Eggermont
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2013-09-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780123914316

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Noise and the Brain by Jos J. Eggermont Pdf

In our industrialized world, we are surrounded by occupational, recreational, and environmental noise. Very loud noise damages the inner-ear receptors and results in hearing loss, subsequent problems with communication in the presence of background noise, and, potentially, social isolation. There is much less public knowledge about the noise exposure that produces only temporary hearing loss but that in the long term results in hearing problems due to the damage of high-threshold auditory nerve fibers. Early exposures of this kind, such as in neonatal intensive care units, manifest themselves at a later age, sometimes as hearing loss but more often as an auditory processing disorder. There is even less awareness about changes in the auditory brain caused by repetitive daily exposure to the same type of low-level occupational or musical sound. This low-level, but continuous, environmental noise exposure is well known to affect speech understanding, produce non-auditory problems ranging from annoyance and depression to hypertension, and to cause cognitive difficulties. Additionally, internal noise, such as tinnitus, has effects on the brain similar to low-level external noise. Noise and the Brain discusses and provides a synthesis of hte underlying brain mechanisms as well as potential ways to prvent or alleviate these aberrant brain changes caused by noise exposure. Authored by one of the preeminent leaders in the field of hearing research Emphasizes direct and indirect changes in brain function as a result of noise exposure Provides a comprehensive and evidence-based approach Addresses both developmental and adult plasticity Includes coverage of epidemiology, etiology, and genetics of hearing problems; effects of non-damaging sound on both the developing and adult brain; non-auditory effects of noise; noise and the aging brain; and more

Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring for Deep Brain Stimulation

Erwin B. Montgomery, Jr.
Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring for Deep Brain Stimulation Book PDF

Author : Erwin B. Montgomery, Jr.
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199351008

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Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring for Deep Brain Stimulation by Erwin B. Montgomery, Jr. Pdf

Thorough understanding of electricity, electronics, biophysics, neurophysiology, and neuroanatomy renders more tractable otherwise complex electrophysiologically-based targeting. The textbook integrates these subjects in a single resource. Ultimately, electrophysiological monitoring required controlling the movement of electrons in electronic circuits. Thus, the textbook begins with fundamental discussions of electrons, the forces moving electrons, and the electrical circuits controlling these forces. The forces that allow recording and analysis also permeate the environment producing interference, such as noise and artifact. The textbook discusses noise and artifact and the measures to avoid or suppress them. The textbook discusses interpretive principles and methods for translating electrophysiological information collected along a trajectory into an understanding of the trajectory's functional-anatomical location, as well as its optimal location and direction. Forms included allow one to document observations, consult algorithms, and interpret data. Other discussions cover safe brain stimulation, correct interpretation of patient responses, procedures of targeted neurological examinations to assess patients' condition in response to stimulation and any surgical consequences, various aspects and limitations of image-based surgical planning, and principles governing use of electrode-guiding mechanical devices.

The Auditory Cortex

Jeffery A. Winer,Christoph E. Schreiner
The Auditory Cortex Book PDF

Author : Jeffery A. Winer,Christoph E. Schreiner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 715 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2010-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781441900746

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The Auditory Cortex by Jeffery A. Winer,Christoph E. Schreiner Pdf

There has been substantial progress in understanding the contributions of the auditory forebrain to hearing, sound localization, communication, emotive behavior, and cognition. The Auditory Cortex covers the latest knowledge about the auditory forebrain, including the auditory cortex as well as the medial geniculate body in the thalamus. This book will cover all important aspects of the auditory forebrain organization and function, integrating the auditory thalamus and cortex into a smooth, coherent whole. Volume One covers basic auditory neuroscience. It complements The Auditory Cortex, Volume 2: Integrative Neuroscience, which takes a more applied/clinical perspective.

Hearing Loss

National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Disability Determination for Individuals with Hearing Impairments
Hearing Loss Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Disability Determination for Individuals with Hearing Impairments
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2004-12-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309092968

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Hearing Loss by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Disability Determination for Individuals with Hearing Impairments Pdf

Millions of Americans experience some degree of hearing loss. The Social Security Administration (SSA) operates programs that provide cash disability benefits to people with permanent impairments like hearing loss, if they can show that their impairments meet stringent SSA criteria and their earnings are below an SSA threshold. The National Research Council convened an expert committee at the request of the SSA to study the issues related to disability determination for people with hearing loss. This volume is the product of that study. Hearing Loss: Determining Eligibility for Social Security Benefits reviews current knowledge about hearing loss and its measurement and treatment, and provides an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the current processes and criteria. It recommends changes to strengthen the disability determination process and ensure its reliability and fairness. The book addresses criteria for selection of pure tone and speech tests, guidelines for test administration, testing of hearing in noise, special issues related to testing children, and the difficulty of predicting work capacity from clinical hearing test results. It should be useful to audiologists, otolaryngologists, disability advocates, and others who are concerned with people who have hearing loss.

The Noisy Brain

Edmund T. Rolls,Gustavo Deco
The Noisy Brain Book PDF

Author : Edmund T. Rolls,Gustavo Deco
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2010-01-28
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105215484721

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The Noisy Brain by Edmund T. Rolls,Gustavo Deco Pdf

The activity of neurons in the brain is noisy in that the neuronal firing times are random for a given mean rate. The Noisy Brain shows that this is fundamental to understanding many aspects of brain function, including probabilistic decision-making, perception, memory recall, short-term memory, attention, and even creativity. There are many applications too of this understanding, to for example memory and attentional disorders, aging, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Of Sound Mind

Nina Kraus
Of Sound Mind Book PDF

Author : Nina Kraus
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2022-09-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262545075

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Of Sound Mind by Nina Kraus Pdf

How sound leaves a fundamental imprint on who we are. Making sense of sound is one of the hardest jobs we ask our brains to do. In Of Sound Mind, Nina Kraus examines the partnership of sound and brain, showing for the first time that the processing of sound drives many of the brain's core functions. Our hearing is always on--we can't close our ears the way we close our eyes--and yet we can ignore sounds that are unimportant. We don't just hear; we engage with sounds. Kraus explores what goes on in our brains when we hear a word--or a chord, or a meow, or a screech. Our hearing brain, Kraus tells us, is vast. It interacts with what we know, with our emotions, with how we think, with our movements, and with our other senses. Auditory neurons make calculations at one-thousandth of a second; hearing is the speediest of our senses. Sound plays an unrecognized role in both healthy and hurting brains. Kraus explores the power of music for healing as well as the destructive power of noise on the nervous system. She traces what happens in the brain when we speak another language, have a language disorder, experience rhythm, listen to birdsong, or suffer a concussion. Kraus shows how our engagement with sound leaves a fundamental imprint on who we are. The sounds of our lives shape our brains, for better and for worse, and help us build the sonic world we live in.

Electromagnetic Brain Imaging

Kensuke Sekihara,Srikantan S. Nagarajan
Electromagnetic Brain Imaging Book PDF

Author : Kensuke Sekihara,Srikantan S. Nagarajan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2015-02-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319149479

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Electromagnetic Brain Imaging by Kensuke Sekihara,Srikantan S. Nagarajan Pdf

This graduate level textbook provides a coherent introduction to the body of main-stream algorithms used in electromagnetic brain imaging, with specific emphasis on novel Bayesian algorithms. It helps readers to more easily understand literature in biomedical engineering and related fields and be ready to pursue research in either the engineering or the neuroscientific aspects of electromagnetic brain imaging. This textbook will not only appeal to graduate students but all scientists and engineers engaged in research on electromagnetic brain imaging.

Drugs, Neurotransmitters, and Behavior

Leslie L. Iversen,Susan D. Iversen,Solomon Snyder
Drugs Neurotransmitters and Behavior Book PDF

Author : Leslie L. Iversen,Susan D. Iversen,Solomon Snyder
Publisher : Springer
Page : 532 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1984-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0306414155

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Drugs, Neurotransmitters, and Behavior by Leslie L. Iversen,Susan D. Iversen,Solomon Snyder Pdf

Volume 18 of the Handbook of Psychopharmacology represents the first of a series of volumes intended to bring earlier sections of the work up to date. Volumes 7, 8, and 9, published in 1977 and 1978, dealt with principles of behavior, drugs and neurotransmitters, and neuroanatomy. In subsequent volumes dedicated to these issues, a mixture of topics will be covered in a given volume, covering both advances in basic knowledge in these three areas of the subject and reviews of theoretical and meth odological issues deemed to be of particular relevance at present. L. L. !. S. D. !. S. H. S. vii CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 Behavior as a Measure of Adverse Responses to Environmental Contaminants BERNARD WEISS 1. Special Perspectives 1 1. 1. Pharmacology and Toxicology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 2. Origins of Behavioral Toxicology . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. 3. Special Problems 2 2. Specific Substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. 1. Heavy Metals 5 2. 2. Volatile Solvents 20 2. 3. Pesticides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2. 4. Air Pollutants 36 2. 5. Nonspecific Poisons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 2. 6. Food Additives 44 3. Future Prospects 47 3. 1. Chemical Waste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3. 2. Susceptible Populations . . . . 48 3. 3. The Statistics of Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3. 4. Screening 49 3. 5. Implications for Psychopharmacology 51 4. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 CHAPTER 2 State Dependent Learning and Drug Discriminations DONALD A. OVERTON 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 2. Description of State Dependent Learning . . . . . . . . . . 59 ix x CONTENTS 3. History of Development of Knowledge about SDL 60 3. 1. Nineteenth Century Reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noise

Daniel Kahneman,Olivier Sibony,Cass R. Sunstein
Noise Book PDF

Author : Daniel Kahneman,Olivier Sibony,Cass R. Sunstein
Publisher : Little, Brown
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2021-05-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780316451383

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Noise by Daniel Kahneman,Olivier Sibony,Cass R. Sunstein Pdf

From the Nobel Prize-winning author of Thinking, Fast and Slow and the coauthor of Nudge, a revolutionary exploration of why people make bad judgments and how to make better ones—"a tour de force” (New York Times). Imagine that two doctors in the same city give different diagnoses to identical patients—or that two judges in the same courthouse give markedly different sentences to people who have committed the same crime. Suppose that different interviewers at the same firm make different decisions about indistinguishable job applicants—or that when a company is handling customer complaints, the resolution depends on who happens to answer the phone. Now imagine that the same doctor, the same judge, the same interviewer, or the same customer service agent makes different decisions depending on whether it is morning or afternoon, or Monday rather than Wednesday. These are examples of noise: variability in judgments that should be identical. In Noise, Daniel Kahneman, Olivier Sibony, and Cass R. Sunstein show the detrimental effects of noise in many fields, including medicine, law, economic forecasting, forensic science, bail, child protection, strategy, performance reviews, and personnel selection. Wherever there is judgment, there is noise. Yet, most of the time, individuals and organizations alike are unaware of it. They neglect noise. With a few simple remedies, people can reduce both noise and bias, and so make far better decisions. Packed with original ideas, and offering the same kinds of research-based insights that made Thinking, Fast and Slow and Nudge groundbreaking New York Times bestsellers, Noise explains how and why humans are so susceptible to noise in judgment—and what we can do about it.

When the Brain Can't Hear

Teri James Bellis
When the Brain Can t Hear Book PDF

Author : Teri James Bellis
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2003-07-22
Category : Education
ISBN : 0743428641

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When the Brain Can't Hear by Teri James Bellis Pdf

In the first book on the subject for lay readers, an esteemed Auditory Processing Disorder expert--and sufferer--gives people the tools they need to spot and fight it.

Discovering the Brain

National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman
Discovering the Brain Book PDF

Author : National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1992-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309045292

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Discovering the Brain by National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman Pdf

The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Shouting Won't Help

Katherine Bouton
Shouting Won t Help Book PDF

Author : Katherine Bouton
Publisher : Sarah Crichton Books
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2013-02-19
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781429953375

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Shouting Won't Help by Katherine Bouton Pdf

For twenty-two years, Katherine Bouton had a secret that grew harder to keep every day. An editor at The New York Times, at daily editorial meetings she couldn't hear what her colleagues were saying. She had gone profoundly deaf in her left ear; her right was getting worse. As she once put it, she was "the kind of person who might have used an ear trumpet in the nineteenth century." Audiologists agree that we're experiencing a national epidemic of hearing impairment. At present, 50 million Americans suffer some degree of hearing loss—17 percent of the population. And hearing loss is not exclusively a product of growing old. The usual onset is between the ages of nineteen and forty-four, and in many cases the cause is unknown. Shouting Won't Help is a deftly written, deeply felt look at a widespread and misunderstood phenomenon. In the style of Jerome Groopman and Atul Gawande, and using her experience as a guide, Bouton examines the problem personally, psychologically, and physiologically. She speaks with doctors, audiologists, and neurobiologists, and with a variety of people afflicted with midlife hearing loss, braiding their stories with her own to illuminate the startling effects of the condition. The result is a surprisingly engaging account of what it's like to live with an invisible disability—and a robust prescription for our nation's increasing problem with deafness. A Kirkus Reviews Best Nonfiction Book of 2013

Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

Colleen G. Le Prell,Donald Henderson,Richard R. Fay,Arthur N. Popper
Noise Induced Hearing Loss Book PDF

Author : Colleen G. Le Prell,Donald Henderson,Richard R. Fay,Arthur N. Popper
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2011-10-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 1441995234

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Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Colleen G. Le Prell,Donald Henderson,Richard R. Fay,Arthur N. Popper Pdf

Exposure to loud noise continues to be the largest cause of hearing loss in the adult population. The problem of NIHL impacts a number of disciplines. US standards for permissible noise exposure were originally published in 1968 and remain largely unchanged today. Indeed, permissible noise exposure for US personnel is significantly greater than that allowed in numerous other countries, including for example, Canada, China, Brazil, Mexico, and the European Union. However, there have been a number of discoveries and advances that have increased our understanding of the mechanisms of NIHL. These advances have the potential to impact how NIHL can be prevented and how our noise standards can be made more appropriate.

Rhythms of the Brain

G. Buzsáki
Rhythms of the Brain Book PDF

Author : G. Buzsáki
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199828234

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Rhythms of the Brain by G. Buzsáki Pdf

Studies of mechanisms in the brain that allow complicated things to happen in a coordinated fashion have produced some of the most spectacular discoveries in neuroscience. This book provides eloquent support for the idea that spontaneous neuron activity, far from being mere noise, is actually the source of our cognitive abilities. It takes a fresh look at the coevolution of structure and function in the mammalian brain, illustrating how self-emerged oscillatory timing is the brain's fundamental organizer of neuronal information. The small-world-like connectivity of the cerebral cortex allows for global computation on multiple spatial and temporal scales. The perpetual interactions among the multiple network oscillators keep cortical systems in a highly sensitive "metastable" state and provide energy-efficient synchronizing mechanisms via weak links. In a sequence of "cycles," György Buzsáki guides the reader from the physics of oscillations through neuronal assembly organization to complex cognitive processing and memory storage. His clear, fluid writing-accessible to any reader with some scientific knowledge-is supplemented by extensive footnotes and references that make it just as gratifying and instructive a read for the specialist. The coherent view of a single author who has been at the forefront of research in this exciting field, this volume is essential reading for anyone interested in our rapidly evolving understanding of the brain.

Of Sound Mind

Kerri Lasky
Of Sound Mind Book PDF

Author : Kerri Lasky
Publisher : Independently Published
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9798497431377

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Of Sound Mind by Kerri Lasky Pdf

Making sense of sound is one of the hardest jobs we ask our brains to do. In Of Sound Mind, Nina Kraus examines the partnership of sound and brain, showing for the first time that the processing of sound drives many of the brain's core functions. Our hearing is always on--we can't close our ears the way we close our eyes--and yet we can ignore sounds that are unimportant. We don't just hear; we engage with sounds. Kraus explores what goes on in our brains when we hear a word--or a chord, or a meow, or a screech. Our hearing brain, Kraus tells us, is vast. It interacts with what we know, with our emotions, with how we think, with our movements, and with our other senses. Auditory neurons make calculations at one-thousandth of a second; hearing is the speediest of our senses. Sound plays an unrecognized role in both healthy and hurting brains. Kraus explores the power of music for healing as well as the destructive power of noise on the nervous system. She traces what happens in the brain when we speak another language, have a language disorder, experience rhythm, listen to birdsong, or suffer a concussion. Kraus shows how our engagement with sound leaves a fundamental imprint on who we are. The sounds of our lives shape our brains, for better and for worse, and help us build the sonic world we live in.