Non Heart Beating Organ Transplantation Medical And Ethical Issues In Procurement

Author : Institute of Medicine,Roger Herdman,John T. Potts
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 103 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1998-01-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309064248

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Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation by Institute of Medicine,Roger Herdman,John T. Potts Pdf

Non-heart-beating donors (individuals whose deaths are determined by cessation of heart and respiratory function rather than loss of whole brain function) could potentially be of major importance in reducing the gap between the demand for and available supply of organs for transplantation. Prompted by questions concerning the medical management of such donorsâ€"specifically, whether interventions undertaken to enhance the supply and quality of potentially transplantable organs (i.e. the use of anticoagulants and vasodilators) were in the best interests of the donor patientâ€"the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services asked the Institute of Medicine to examine from scientific and ethical points of view "alternative medical approaches that can be used to maximize the availability of organs from [a] donor [in an end-of-life situation] without violating prevailing ethical norms...." This book examines transplantation supply and demand, historical and modern conceptions of non-heart-beating donors, and organ procurement organizations and transplant program policies, and contains recommendations concerning the principles and ethical issues surrounding the topic.

Author : John T. Potts
Publisher : Theclassics.Us
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1230444572

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Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation; Medical and Ethical Issues in Procurement by John T. Potts Pdf

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1997-01 edition. Excerpt: ...freedom within some areas while setting minimum standards in others. In general, the NHBD protocols received and reviewed by the IOM have been written or approved within the last 4 years. The oldest was revised and approved in 1993, and the most recent was approved in July 1997. With respect to OPOs that have approved protocols in place, it is important to bear in mind that organs are procured from very few NHBDs (only one or two) by most OPOs each year. The fact that there are 25 OPOs with approved NHBD protocols and that UNOS reports 65 NHBDs in 1996 provides confirmation of the low rate of procurement of organs from NHBDs by most OPOs. Currently, OPOs located at hospitals tend to procure more organs from NHBDs. Review of the NHBD protocols submitted to the IOM reveals a consensus among OPOs in two areas: (1) discussion of organ donation with families and informed consent should take place only after an independent decision to withdraw life support has been made; and (2) the physician who declares death after withdrawal of support shall not be affiliated in any way with the OPO, procurement team, or transplant team. Outside of these two areas, OPO protocols for NHBDs differ greatly. Some variations are merely procedural whereas others imply ethical differences. The criteria for determining death; medical interventions, including the use of heparin and phentolamine, which are directed toward preparation for transplantation rather than donor patient care; intervention by the OPO to assess and prepare the donor before consent for donation and declaration of death; and the timing, approach, and detail of obtaining family consent--all are problematic issues discussed next in this report. A consensus on these issues, expressed in more...

Author : Committee on Non-Heart-Beating Transplantation II: The Scientific and Ethical Basis for Practice and Protocols,Division of Health Care Services,Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2000-05-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309090474

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Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation by Committee on Non-Heart-Beating Transplantation II: The Scientific and Ethical Basis for Practice and Protocols,Division of Health Care Services,Institute of Medicine Pdf

In 1997, the Institute of Medicine published a report entitled Non-Heart- Beating Organ Transplantation: Medical and Ethical Issues in Procurement. The findings and recommendations of that study defined the ethical and scientific basis for non-heart-beating organ donation and transplantation, and provided specific recommendations for practices that affirm patient welfare, promote patient and family choice, and avoid conflicts of interest. Following the 1997 study, the Department of Health and Human Services requested a follow up study to promote such efforts. The central activity for this study was a workshop held in Washington, D.C., on May 24-25, 1999. The workshop provided the opportunity for extensive dialogue on non-heart-beating organ donation among hospitals and organ procurement organizations (OPOs) that are actively involved in non-heartbeating organ and tissue donation and those with concerns about whether and how to proceed. The findings and recommendations of this report are based in large measure on the discussions and insights from that workshop. Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation includes seven recommendations for developing and implementing non-heart-beating-donor protocols. These recommendations were based on the findings and recommendations from the 1997 IOM report and consensus achieved among participants at the national workshop. The committee developed these recommendations as steps towards an approach to non-heart-beating-donor organ donation and procurement consistent with underlying scientific and ethical guidelines, patient and family options and choices, and public trust in organ donation.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Care Services,Committee on Non-Heart-Beating Transplantation II: The Scientific and Ethical Basis for Practice and Protocols
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 173 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2000-05-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309066419

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Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation by Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Care Services,Committee on Non-Heart-Beating Transplantation II: The Scientific and Ethical Basis for Practice and Protocols Pdf

In 1997, the Institute of Medicine published a report entitled Non-Heart- Beating Organ Transplantation: Medical and Ethical Issues in Procurement. The findings and recommendations of that study defined the ethical and scientific basis for non-heart-beating organ donation and transplantation, and provided specific recommendations for practices that affirm patient welfare, promote patient and family choice, and avoid conflicts of interest. Following the 1997 study, the Department of Health and Human Services requested a follow up study to promote such efforts. The central activity for this study was a workshop held in Washington, D.C., on May 24-25, 1999. The workshop provided the opportunity for extensive dialogue on non-heart-beating organ donation among hospitals and organ procurement organizations (OPOs) that are actively involved in non-heartbeating organ and tissue donation and those with concerns about whether and how to proceed. The findings and recommendations of this report are based in large measure on the discussions and insights from that workshop. Non-Heart-Beating Organ Transplantation includes seven recommendations for developing and implementing non-heart-beating-donor protocols. These recommendations were based on the findings and recommendations from the 1997 IOM report and consensus achieved among participants at the national workshop. The committee developed these recommendations as steps towards an approach to non-heart-beating-donor organ donation and procurement consistent with underlying scientific and ethical guidelines, patient and family options and choices, and public trust in organ donation.

Author : Wayne N. Shelton,John A. Balint
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2001-04-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0762307641

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The Ethics of Organ Transplantation by Wayne N. Shelton,John A. Balint Pdf

"Ethics of Organ Transplantation".

Author : David Price
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2000-11-30
Category : Law
ISBN : 0521651646

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Legal and Ethical Aspects of Organ Transplantation by David Price Pdf

A comprehensive analysis of existing laws and policies governing organ transplantation practices around the world.

Author : Robert M. Arnold
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015031844908

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Procuring Organs for Transplant by Robert M. Arnold Pdf

Author : Robert M. Veatch,Lainie F. Ross
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2015-01-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781626161696

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Transplantation Ethics by Robert M. Veatch,Lainie F. Ross Pdf

Although the history of organ transplant has its roots in ancient Christian mythology, it is only in the past fifty years that body parts from a dead person have successfully been procured and transplanted into a living person. After fourteen years, the three main issues that Robert Veatch first outlined in his seminal study Transplantation Ethics still remain: deciding when human beings are dead; deciding when it is ethical to procure organs; and deciding how to allocate organs, once procured. However, much has changed. Enormous strides have been made in immunosuppression. Alternatives to the donation model are debated much more openly—living donors are used more widely and hand and face transplants have become more common, raising issues of personal identity. In this second edition of Transplantation Ethics, coauthored by Lainie F. Ross, transplant professionals and advocates will find a comprehensive update of this critical work on transplantation policies.

Author : Bethany Spielman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Law
ISBN : STANFORD:36105060528861

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Organ and Tissue Donation by Bethany Spielman Pdf

This volume brings together a wide range of views on the ethical, legal, and policy questions that have shaped the often-heated debate about organ and tissue donation in the 1990s. In this edited volume, Bethany Spielman includes selected papers from a 1995 conference cosponsored by the Department of Medical Humanities of the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine and the "Life Goes On" Organ/Tissue Donor Awareness Program of the Illinois Secretary of State. Seventeen distinguished experts from the fields of bioethics, medicine, law, history, philosophy, and public policy consider questions integral to the foundations and operations of organ donation in the 1990s.

Author : Anne-Maree Farrell,David Price,Muireann Quigley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2011-03-10
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781139500104

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Organ Shortage by Anne-Maree Farrell,David Price,Muireann Quigley Pdf

Organ shortage is an ongoing problem in many countries. The needless death and suffering which have resulted necessitate an investigation into potential solutions. This examination of contemporary ethical means, both practical and policy-oriented, of reducing the shortfall in organs draws on the experiences of a range of countries. The authors focus on the resolution and negotiation of ethical conflict, examine systems approaches such as the 'Spanish model' and the US Breakthrough Collaboratives, evaluate policy proposals relating to incentives, presumed consent, and modifications regarding end-of-life care, and evaluate the greatly increased use of (non-heart-beating) donors suffering circulatory death, as well as living donors. The proposed strategies and solutions are not only capable of resolving the UK's own organ-shortage crisis, but also of being implemented in other countries grappling with how to address the growing gap between supply and demand for organs.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Increasing Rates of Organ Donation
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2006-08-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309164641

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Organ Donation by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Increasing Rates of Organ Donation Pdf

Rates of organ donation lag far behind the increasing need. At the start of 2006, more than 90,000 people were waiting to receive a solid organ (kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, heart, or intestine). Organ Donation examines a wide range of proposals to increase organ donation, including policies that presume consent for donation as well as the use of financial incentives such as direct payments, coverage of funeral expenses, and charitable contributions. This book urges federal agencies, nonprofit groups, and others to boost opportunities for people to record their decisions to donate, strengthen efforts to educate the public about the benefits of organ donation, and continue to improve donation systems. Organ Donation also supports initiatives to increase donations from people whose deaths are the result of irreversible cardiac failure. This book emphasizes that all members of society have a stake in an adequate supply of organs for patients in need, because each individual is a potential recipient as well as a potential donor.

Author : Arthur L. Caplan,James J. McCartney,Daniel P. Reid
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-09-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781626162365

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Replacement Parts by Arthur L. Caplan,James J. McCartney,Daniel P. Reid Pdf

In Replacement Parts, internationally recognized bioethicist Arthur L. Caplan and coeditors James J. McCartney and Daniel P. Reid assemble seminal writings from medicine, philosophy, economics, and religion that address the ethical challenges raised by organ transplantation. Caplan's new lead essay explains the shortfalls of present policies. From there, book sections take an interdisciplinary approach to fundamental issues like the determination of death and the dead donor rule; the divisive case of using anencephalic infants as organ donors; the sale of cadaveric or live organs; possible strategies for increasing the number of available organs, including market solutions and the idea of presumed consent; and questions surrounding transplant tourism and "gaming the system" by using the media to gain access to organs. Timely and balanced, Replacement Parts is a first-of-its-kind collection aimed at surgeons, physicians, nurses, and other professionals involved in this essential lifesaving activity that is often fraught with ethical controversy.

Author : Steven J. Jensen
Publisher : CUA Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2011-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780813218748

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The Ethics of Organ Transplantation by Steven J. Jensen Pdf

These questions and others are thoughtfully probed in this collection of essays, which features articles from theologians, philosophers, physicians, biomedical ethicists, and an attorney.

Author : Mohammed Ali Al-Bar,Hassan Chamsi-Pasha
Publisher : Springer
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2015-05-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319184289

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Contemporary Bioethics by Mohammed Ali Al-Bar,Hassan Chamsi-Pasha Pdf

This book discusses the common principles of morality and ethics derived from divinely endowed intuitive reason through the creation of al-fitr' a (nature) and human intellect (al-‘aql). Biomedical topics are presented and ethical issues related to topics such as genetic testing, assisted reproduction and organ transplantation are discussed. Whereas these natural sources are God’s special gifts to human beings, God’s revelation as given to the prophets is the supernatural source of divine guidance through which human communities have been guided at all times through history. The second part of the book concentrates on the objectives of Islamic religious practice – the maqa' sid – which include: Preservation of Faith, Preservation of Life, Preservation of Mind (intellect and reason), Preservation of Progeny (al-nasl) and Preservation of Property. Lastly, the third part of the book discusses selected topical issues, including abortion, assisted reproduction devices, genetics, organ transplantation, brain death and end-of-life aspects. For each topic, the current medical evidence is followed by a detailed discussion of the ethical issues involved.

Author : Georgios Tsoulfas
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781789233407

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Organ Donation and Transplantation by Georgios Tsoulfas Pdf

One of the most interesting and at the same time most challenging fields of medicine and surgery has been that of organ donation and transplantation. It is a field that has made tremendous strides during the last few decades through the combined input and efforts of scientists from various specialties. What started as a dream of pioneers has become a reality for the thousands of our patients whose lives can now be saved and improved. However, at the same time, the challenges remain significant and so do the expectations. This book will be a collection of chapters describing these same challenges involved including the ethical, legal, and medical issues in organ donation and the technical and immunological problems the experts are facing involved in the care of these patients.The authors of this book represent a team of true global experts on the topic. In addition to the knowledge shared, the authors provide their personal clinical experience on a variety of different aspects of organ donation and transplantation.