Normativity And The Problem Of Representation

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Normativity and the Problem of Representation

Matthew S. Bedke,Stefan Sciaraffa
Normativity and the Problem of Representation Book PDF

Author : Matthew S. Bedke,Stefan Sciaraffa
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 572 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000672831

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Normativity and the Problem of Representation by Matthew S. Bedke,Stefan Sciaraffa Pdf

This book tackles questions which revolve around the representational purport (or lack thereof) of evaluative and normative claims. Claims about what we ought to do, what is best, what is justified, or simply what counts as a good reason for action—in other words, evaluative or normative claims—are familiar. But when we pause to ask what these claims mean and what we are doing when we use them, puzzles arise. Are there facts of the matter about what ought to be done, much like there are facts of the matter about mathematics or the natural world? If so, "ought claims" are probably trying to represent the "ought facts". Alternatively, perhaps there are no evaluative facts, in which case evaluative claims are either trying to represent facts which do not exist, or evaluative claims are not in the representation business to begin with. The latter option is intriguing, and it is the subject of much recent work in expressivism, pragmatism, and semantic relativism. But if ought claims are not representing anything as factual, why do we think such claims are true or false, and what are we doing when we disagree with one another about them? This book sheds light on this important area of philosophy. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Canadian Journal of Philosophy.

Meaning Without Representation

Steven Gross,Nicholas Tebben,Michael Williams
Meaning Without Representation Book PDF

Author : Steven Gross,Nicholas Tebben,Michael Williams
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2015-08-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191030987

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Meaning Without Representation by Steven Gross,Nicholas Tebben,Michael Williams Pdf

Much contemporary thinking about language is animated by the idea that the core function of language is to represent how the world is and that therefore the notion of representation should play a fundamental explanatory role in any explanation of language and language use. Leading thinkers in the field explore various ways this idea may be challenged as well as obstacles to developing various forms of anti-representationalism. Particular attention is given to deflationary accounts of truth, the role of language in expressing mental states, and the normative and the natural as they relate to issues of representation. The chapters further various fundamental debates in metaphysics—for example, concerning the question of finding a place for moral properties in a naturalistic world-view—and illuminate the relation of the recent neo-pragmatist revival to the expressivist stream in analytic philosophy of language.

The View from Within

Menachem Fisch,Yitzhak Benbaji
The View from Within Book PDF

Author : Menachem Fisch,Yitzhak Benbaji
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Criticism (Philosophy)
ISBN : 0268029040

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The View from Within by Menachem Fisch,Yitzhak Benbaji Pdf

This book is a thorough evaluation of the arguments made by contemporary philosophers about the normative character of reason and the derivative problem of relativism.

A Companion to the Philosophy of Language

Bob Hale,Crispin Wright,Alexander Miller
A Companion to the Philosophy of Language Book PDF

Author : Bob Hale,Crispin Wright,Alexander Miller
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1176 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017-02-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781118972083

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A Companion to the Philosophy of Language by Bob Hale,Crispin Wright,Alexander Miller Pdf

“Providing up-to-date, in-depth coverage of the central question, and written and edited by some of the foremost practitioners in the field, this timely new edition will no doubt be a go-to reference for anyone with a serious interest in the philosophy of language.” Kathrin Glüer-Pagin, Stockholm University Now published in two volumes, the second edition of the best-selling Companion to the Philosophy of Language provides a complete survey of contemporary philosophy of language. The Companion has been greatly extended and now includes a monumental 17 new essays – with topics chosen by the editors, who curated suggestions from current contributors – and almost all of the 25 original chapters have been updated to take account of recent developments in the field. In addition to providing a synoptic view of the key issues, figures, concepts, and debates, each essay introduces new and original contributions to ongoing debates, as well as addressing a number of new areas of interest, including two-dimensional semantics, modality and epistemic modals, and semantic relationism. The extended “state-of-the-art” chapter format allows the authors, all of whom are internationally eminent scholars in the field, to incorporate original research to a far greater degree than competitor volumes. Unrivaled in scope, this volume represents the best contemporary critical thinking relating to the philosophy of language.

Hegel’s Theory of Normativity

Kevin Thompson
Hegel s Theory of Normativity Book PDF

Author : Kevin Thompson
Publisher : Northwestern University Press
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2019-05-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780810139947

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Hegel’s Theory of Normativity by Kevin Thompson Pdf

Hegel’s Elements of the Philosophy of Right offers an innovative and important account of normativity, yet the theory set forth there rests on philosophical foundations that have remained largely obscure. In Hegel’s Theory of Normativity, Kevin Thompson proposes an interpretation of the foundations that underlie Hegel’s theory: its method of justification, its concept of freedom, and its account of right. Thompson shows how the systematic character of Hegel’s project together with the metaphysical commitments that follow from its method are essential to secure this theory against the challenges of skepticism and to understand its distinctive contribution to questions regarding normative justification, practical agency, social ontology, and the nature of critique.

Meaning and Normativity

Allan Gibbard
Meaning and Normativity Book PDF

Author : Allan Gibbard
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 327 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-13
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199646074

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Meaning and Normativity by Allan Gibbard Pdf

The concepts of meaning and mental content resist naturalistic analysis. This is because they are normative: they depend on ideas of how things ought to be. Allan Gibbard offers an expressivist explanation of these 'oughts': he borrows devices from metaethics to illuminate deep problems at the heart of the philosophy of language and thought.

Contingency and Normativity: The Challenges of Richard Rorty

Rosa Maria Calcaterra
Contingency and Normativity The Challenges of Richard Rorty Book PDF

Author : Rosa Maria Calcaterra
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2019-03-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789004393837

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Contingency and Normativity: The Challenges of Richard Rorty by Rosa Maria Calcaterra Pdf

Contingentism depicts normativity as one of our human effective possibilities rather than as a metaphysical bottleneck which we should necessary fulfill. The book is a critical survey of Richard McKay Rorty’s “neo-pragmatism”, in the light of various theoretical arguments as well as of his own resourceful attempts to renew philosophy from within its practice.

The Normativity of Nature

Hannah Ginsborg
The Normativity of Nature Book PDF

Author : Hannah Ginsborg
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199547982

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The Normativity of Nature by Hannah Ginsborg Pdf

Why read Kant's Critique of Judgment? For most readers, the importance of the work lies in its contributions to aesthetics and, to a lesser extent, the philosophy of biology. Hannah Ginsborg, by contrast, sees the Critique of Judgment as a central contribution to the understanding of human cognition generally. The fourteen essays collected here advance a common interpretive project: that of bringing out the philosophical significance of the notion of judgment which figures in the third Critique and showing its importance both to Kant's own theoretical philosophy and to contemporary views of human thought and cognition. For us to possess the capacity of judgment, on the interpretation defended here, is for our natural perceptual and imaginative responses to involve a claim to their own normativity with respect to the objects which cause them. It is in virtue of this capacity that we are able not merely to respond discriminatively to objects, as animals do, but to bring objects under concepts. The Critique of Judgment, on this reading, rejects the traditional dichotomy between the natural and the normative: our natural psychological responses to the spatio-temporal objects which affect our senses are both causally determined by those objects, and normatively appropriate to them. The essays in this book aim collectively to develop and illuminate this understanding of judgment in its own right, and to use it to address specific interpretive issues in Kant's aesthetics, theory of knowledge, and philosophy of biology; they are also concerned to bring out the relevance of this conception of judgment to contemporary debates regarding concept-acquisition, the content of perception, and skepticism about rules and meaning.

Problems of Normativity, Rules and Rule-Following

Michał Araszkiewicz,Paweł Banaś,Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki,Krzysztof Płeszka
Problems of Normativity Rules and Rule Following Book PDF

Author : Michał Araszkiewicz,Paweł Banaś,Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki,Krzysztof Płeszka
Publisher : Springer
Page : 462 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2014-11-07
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783319093758

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Problems of Normativity, Rules and Rule-Following by Michał Araszkiewicz,Paweł Banaś,Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki,Krzysztof Płeszka Pdf

This book focuses on the problems of rules, rule-following and normativity as discussed within the areas of analytic philosophy, linguistics, logic and legal theory. Divided into four parts, the volume covers topics in general analytic philosophy, analytic legal theory, legal interpretation and argumentation, logic as well as AI& Law area of research. It discusses, inter alia, “Kripkenstein’s” sceptical argument against rule-following and normativity of meaning, the role of neuroscience in explaining the phenomenon of normativity, conventionalism in philosophy of law, normativity of rules of interpretation, some formal approaches towards rules and normativity as well as the problem of defeasibility of rules. The aim of the book is to provide an interdisciplinary approach to an inquiry into the questions concerning rules, rule-following and normativity.

Hegel's Political Philosophy

Thom Brooks,Sebastian Stein
Hegel s Political Philosophy Book PDF

Author : Thom Brooks,Sebastian Stein
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198778165

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Hegel's Political Philosophy by Thom Brooks,Sebastian Stein Pdf

Hegel famously argues that his speculative method is a foundation for claims about socio-political reality within a wider philosophical system. This systematic approach is thought a superior alternative to all other ways of philosophical thinking. Hegel's method and system have normative significance for understanding everything from ethics to the state. Hegel's approach has attracted much debate among scholars about key philosophical questions - and controversy about his proposed answers to them. Is his method and system open to the charge of dogmatism? Are his claims about the rationality of monarchy, unequal gender relations, an unelected second parliamentary chamber and a corporation-based economy beyond revision? This ground-breaking collection of new essays by leading interpreters of Hegel's philosophy is dedicated to the questions that surround Hegel's philosophical method and its relationship to the conclusions of his political philosophy. It contributes to the on-going debate about the importance of a systematic context for political philosophy, the relationship between theoretical and practical philosophy, and engages with contemporary discussions about the shape of a rational social order.

Oughts and Thoughts

Anandi Hattiangadi
Oughts and Thoughts Book PDF

Author : Anandi Hattiangadi
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2007-05-31
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191527401

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Oughts and Thoughts by Anandi Hattiangadi Pdf

In Oughts and Thoughts, Anandi Hattiangadi provides an innovative response to the argument for meaning scepticism set out by Saul Kripke in Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language. Kripke asks what makes it the case that anybody ever means anything by any word, and argues that there are no facts of the matter as to what anybody ever means. Kripke's argument has inspired a lively and extended debate in the philosophy of language, as it raises some of the most fundamental issues in the field: namely, the reality, privacy, and normativity of meaning. Hattiangadi argues that in order to achieve the radical conclusion that there are no facts as to what a person means by a word, the sceptic must rely on the thesis that meaning is normative, and that this thesis fails. Since any 'sceptical solution' to the sceptical problem is irremediably incoherent, Hattiangadi concludes that there must be a fact of the matter about what we mean. In addition to providing an overview of the debate on meaning and content scepticism, Hattiangandi presents a detailed discussion of the contributions made by Simon Blackburn, Paul Boghossian, Robert Brandom, Fred Dretske, John McDowell, and Crispin Wright, among others, to the controversy surrounding Kripke's argument. The issues considered include the normativity of meaning and its relation to the normativity of moral judgments, reductive and non-reductive theories of meaning, deflationism about truth and meaning, and the privacy of meaning.

Body Language

Mark J. Rowlands
Body Language Book PDF

Author : Mark J. Rowlands
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2011-08-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780262264402

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Body Language by Mark J. Rowlands Pdf

An argument that activity provides a useful template for thinking about representation and that deeds are themselves representational: our representing of the world consists, in part, in certain sorts of deeds that we perform in the world. In Body Language, Mark Rowlands argues that the problem of representation—how it is possible for one item to represent another—has been exacerbated by the assimilation of representation to the category of the word. That is, the problem is traditionally understood as one of relating inner to outer—relating an inner representing item to something extrinsic or exterior to it. Rowlands argues that at least some cases of representation need to be understood not in terms of the word but of the deed. Activity, he claims, is a useful template for thinking about representation; our representing the world consists, in part, in certain sorts of actions that we perform in that world. This is not to say simply that these forms of acting can facilitate representation but that they are themselves representational. These sorts of actions—which Rowlands calls deeds—do not merely express or re-present prior intentional states. They have an independent representational status. After introducing the notion of the deed as a "preintentional act," Rowlands argues that deeds can satisfy informational, teleological, combinatorial, misrepresentational, and decouplability constraints—and so qualify as representational. He puts these principles of representation into practice by examining the deeds involved in visual perception. Representing, Rowlands argues, is something we do in the world as much as in the head. Representing does not stop at the skin, at the border between the representing subject and the world; representing is representational "all the way out."

Nature and Normativity

Mark Okrent
Nature and Normativity Book PDF

Author : Mark Okrent
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0367886294

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Nature and Normativity by Mark Okrent Pdf

Nature and Normativity argues that the problem of the place of norms in nature has been essentially misunderstood when it has been articulated in terms of the relation of human language and thought, on the one hand, and the world described by physics on the other. Rather, if we concentrate on the facts that speaking and thinking are activities of organic agents, then the problem of the place of the normative in nature becomes refocused on three related questions. First, is there a sense in which biological processes and the behavior of organisms can be legitimately subject to normative evaluation? Second, is there some sense in which, in addition to having ordinary causal explanations, organic phenomena can also legitimately be seen to happen because they should happen in that way, in some naturalistically comprehensible sense of 'should', or that organic phenomena happen in order to achieve some result, because that result should occur? And third, is it possible to naturalistically understand how human thought and language can be legitimately seen as the normatively evaluable behavior of a particular species of organism, behavior that occurs in order to satisfy some class of norms? This book develops, articulates, and defends positive answers to each of these questions.

Anarchism and Political Modernity

Nathan Jun
Anarchism and Political Modernity Book PDF

Author : Nathan Jun
Publisher : A&C Black
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2011-11-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781441166869

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Anarchism and Political Modernity by Nathan Jun Pdf

Anarchism and Political Modernity looks at the place of “classical anarchism” in the postmodern political discourse, claiming that anarchism presents a vision of political postmodernity. The book seeks to foster a better understanding of why and how anarchism is growing in the present. To do so, it first looks at its origins and history, offering a different view from the two traditions that characterize modern political theory: socialism and liberalism. Such an examination leads to a better understanding of how anarchism connects with newer political trends and why it is a powerful force in contemporary social and political movements. This new volume in the Contemporary Anarchist Studies series offers a novel philosophical engagement with anarchism and contests a number of positions established in postanarchist theory. Its new approach makes a valuable contribution to an established debate about anarchism and political theory. It offers a new perspective on the emerging area of anarchist studies that will be of interest to students and theorists in political theory and anarchist studies.

Heidegger on Concepts, Freedom and Normativity

Sacha Golob
Heidegger on Concepts Freedom and Normativity Book PDF

Author : Sacha Golob
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107031708

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Heidegger on Concepts, Freedom and Normativity by Sacha Golob Pdf

This book offers a fundamentally new account of the arguments and concepts which define Heidegger's early philosophy, and locates them in relation to both contemporary analytic philosophy and the history of philosophy. Drawing on recent work in the philosophy of mind and on Heidegger's lectures on Plato and Kant, Sacha Golob argues against existing treatments of Heidegger on intentionality and suggests that Heidegger endorses a unique position with respect to conceptual and representational content; he also examines the implications of this for Heidegger's views on truth, realism and 'being'. He goes on to explore Heidegger's work on the underlying issue of normativity, and focuses on his theory of freedom, arguing that it is freedom that links the existential concerns of Being and Time to concepts such as reason, perfection and obligation. His book offers a distinctive new perspective for students of Heidegger and the history of twentieth-century philosophy.