Northern Archaeology And Cosmology

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Northern Archaeology and Cosmology

Author : Vesa-Pekka Herva,Antti Lahelma
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2019-06-28
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429783500

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Northern Archaeology and Cosmology by Vesa-Pekka Herva,Antti Lahelma Pdf

In its analysis of the archaeologies and histories of the northern fringe of Europe, this book provides a focus on animistic–shamanistic cosmologies and the associated human–environment relations from the Neolithic to modern times. The North has fascinated Europeans throughout history, as an enchanted world of natural and supernatural marvels: a land of light and dark, of northern lights and the midnight sun, of witches and magic and of riches ranging from amber to oil. Northern lands conflate fantasies and realities. Rich archaeological, historical, ethnographic and folkloric materials combine in this book with cutting-edge theoretical perspectives drawn from relational ontologies and epistemologies, producing a fresh approach to the prehistory and history of a region that is pivotal to understanding Europe-wide processes, such as Neolithization and modernization. This book examines the mythical and actual northern worlds, with northern relational modes of perceiving and engaging with the world on the one hand and the ‘place’ of the North in European culture on the other. This book is an indispensable read for scholars of archaeology, anthropology, cultural studies and folklore in northern Europe, as well as researchers interested in how the North is intertwined with developments in the broader European and Eurasian world. It provides a deep-time understanding of globally topical issues and conflicting interests, as expressed by debates and controversies around Arctic resources, nature preservation and indigenous rights.

Teaching and Learning the Archaeology of the Contemporary Era

Author : Gabriel Moshenska
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2023-12-14
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781350335653

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Teaching and Learning the Archaeology of the Contemporary Era by Gabriel Moshenska Pdf

The tools and techniques of archaeology were designed for the study of past people and societies, but for more than a century a growing number of archaeologists have turned these same tools to the study of the modern world. This book offers an overview of these pioneering practices through a specifically pedagogical lens, fostering an appreciation of the diversity and distinctiveness of contemporary archaeology and providing an evidence base for course proposals and curriculum design. Although research in the field is well established and vibrant, making critical contributions to wider debates around issues such as homelessness, migration and the refugee crisis, and legacies of war and conflict, the teaching of contemporary archaeology in universities has until recently been relatively limited in comparison. This selection of carefully curated case studies from as far afield as Orkney, Iran and the USA is intended as a resource and an inspiration for both teachers and students, presenting a set of tools and practices to borrow, modify and apply in new contexts. It demonstrates how interdisciplinarity, practical work and radical pedagogies are of value not only for archaeology, but also for fields such as history, geography and anthropology, and suggests new ways in which we can examine our 20th- and 21st-century existence and shape our collective future.

Tracing Old Norse Cosmology

Author : Anders Andrén
Publisher : Nordic Academic Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2015-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789187675010

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Tracing Old Norse Cosmology by Anders Andrén Pdf

The study of Old Norse religion is a truly multidisciplinary and international field of research. The rituals, myths, and narratives of pre-Christian Scandinavia have been studied and interpreted in detail relying mainly on Christian Icelandic literature from the Middle Ages. Here, Anders Andrén offers a long-term perspective on Old Norse cosmology and argues that the fundamental ideas of an ordered universe, time, and space in Old Norse religion can be studied in a dialogue between archaeology and the Icelandic narrative tradition. Ideas about the world tree, middle earth, and the sun can be traced in images and material culture from Scandinavian prehistory. By combining the prehistoric representations with the later written record the author presents a fresh and nuanced study of the fascinating Old Norse world.

Skyscapes

Author : Fabio Silva,Nicholas Campion
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2015-03-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781782978404

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Skyscapes by Fabio Silva,Nicholas Campion Pdf

Eleven papers extend discussion of the role and importance of the landscape and the wider environment to past societies, and to the understanding and interpretation of their material remains, into consideration of the significance of the celestial environment: the skyscape. The role of the sky for past societies has been relegated to the fringes of archaeological discourse. Nevertheless archaeoastronomy has developed a new rigour in the last few decades and the evidence suggests that it can provide insights into the beliefs, practices and cosmologies of past societies. Skyscapes explores the current role of archaeoastronomical knowledge in archaeological discourse and how to integrate the two. It shows how it is not only possible but even desirable to look at the skyscape to shed further light on human societies. This is achieved by first exploring the historical relationship between archaeoastronomy and academia in general, and with archaeology in particular. The volume continues by presenting case-studies that either demonstrate how archaeoastronomical methodologies can add to our current understanding of past societies, their structures and beliefs, or how integrated approaches can raise new questions and even revolutionise current views of the past.

Conflict Landscapes

Author : Nicholas J. Saunders,Paul Cornish
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2021-06-24
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781000391282

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Conflict Landscapes by Nicholas J. Saunders,Paul Cornish Pdf

Conflict Landscapes explores the long under-acknowledged and under-investigated aspects of where and how modern conflict landscapes interact and conjoin with pre-twentieth-century places, activities, and beliefs, as well as with individuals and groups. Investigating and understanding the often unpredictable power and legacies of landscapes that have seen (and often still viscerally embody) the consequences of mass death and destruction, the book shows, through these landscapes, the power of destruction to preserve, refocus, and often reconfigure the past. Responding to the complexity of modern conflict, the book offers a coherent, integrated, and sensitized hybrid approach, which calls on different disciplines where they overlap in a shared common terrain. Dealing with issues such as memory, identity, emotion, and wellbeing, the chapters tease out the human experience of modern conflict and its relationship to landscape. Conflict Landscapes will appeal to a wide range of disciplines involved in studying conflict, such as archaeology, anthropology, material culture studies, art history, cultural history, cultural geography, military history, and heritage and museum studies.

The Scandinavian Early Modern World

Author : Jonas Monié Nordin
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2020-05-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000062595

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The Scandinavian Early Modern World by Jonas Monié Nordin Pdf

The Scandinavian Early Modern World explores the early modern colonialism, globalization, and modernity in Scandinavia, along with its colonies, and its role in the shaping of the modern world. Scandinavians played an active role in early modern globalization and were present as traders, as colonialists, and as consumers in competition and collaboration with indigenous agents and other colonial actors in America, Africa, and India. This story is rarely told. The joint study of history, historical landscape, and material culture, from a Scandinavian vantage point, provides for a comprehensive and original interpretation of the birth of globalization and modernity. New perspectives and data are presented, deepening and challenging our knowledge of the long seventeenth century. In-depth analysis of case studies, encompassing four continents and their material entanglement, makes this book a unique contribution to historical archaeology. The Scandinavian Early Modern World aims at students and scholars of anthropology, archaeology, and history, alike, taking interest in the global connections of the long seventeenth century and the role of Scandinavia in that process.

Monumental Times

Author : Richard Bradley
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2024-01-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9798888570395

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Monumental Times by Richard Bradley Pdf

Richard Bradley's latest thought provoking re-examination of familiar monumental archaeology drawing on latest discussions of multi-temporality and the implications of new levels of analysis afforded by developments in archaeological sciences such as DNA, radiocarbon dating and isotopes. This book is concerned with the origins, uses and subsequent histories of monuments. It emphasises the time scales illustrated by these structures, and their implications for archaeological research. It is concerned with the archaeology of Western and Northern Europe, with an emphasis on structures in Britain and Ireland, and the period between the Mesolithic and the Viking Age. It begins with two famous groups of monuments and introduces the problem of multiple time scales. It also considers how they influence the display of those sites today – they belong to both the present and the past. Monuments played a role from the moment they were created, but approaches to their archaeology led in opposite directions. They might have been directed to a future that their builders could not control. These structures could be adapted, destroyed, or left to decay once their significance was lost. Another perspective was to claim them as relics of a forgotten past. In that case they had to be reinterpreted. The first part of this book considers the rarity of monumental structures among hunter-gatherers, and the choice of building materials for Neolithic houses and tombs. It emphasises the difference between structures whose erection ended the use of significant places, and those whose histories could extend into the future. It also discusses ‘megalithic astronomy’ and ancient notions of time. Part Two is concerned with the reuse of ancient monuments and asks whether they really were expressions of social memory. Did links with an ‘ancestral past’ have much factual basis? It contrasts developments during the Beaker phase with those of the early medieval period. The development of monumental architecture is compared with the composition of oral literature.

Resource Extraction and Arctic Communities

Author : Sverker Sörlin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2022-12-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781009100236

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Resource Extraction and Arctic Communities by Sverker Sörlin Pdf

Overview of the 'new extractivist paradigm' which could bring viable futures for Arctic communities, including renewable energies, tourism, and science.

Ontologies of Rock Art

Author : Oscar Moro Abadía,Martin Porr
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 539 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2021-03-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000339734

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Ontologies of Rock Art by Oscar Moro Abadía,Martin Porr Pdf

Ontologies of Rock Art is the first publication to explore a wide range of ontological approaches to rock art interpretation, constituting the basis for groundbreaking studies on Indigenous knowledges, relational metaphysics, and rock imageries. The book contributes to the growing body of research on the ontology of images by focusing on five main topics: ontology as a theoretical framework; the development of new concepts and methods for an ontological approach to rock art; the examination of the relationships between ontology, images, and Indigenous knowledges; the development of relational models for the analysis of rock images; and the impact of ontological approaches on different rock art traditions across the world. Generating new avenues of research in ontological theory, political ontology, and rock art research, this collection will be relevant to archaeologists, anthropologists, and philosophers. In the context of an increasing interest in Indigenous ontologies, the volume will also be of interest to scholars in Indigenous studies. Chapter 14 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license available at https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/edit/10.4324/9780429321863/ontologies-rock-art-oscar-moro-abad%C3%ADa-martin-porr?context=ubx&refId=3766b051-4754-4339-925c-2a262a505074

The Cambridge History of the Polar Regions

Author : Adrian Howkins,Peder Roberts
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 976 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2023-05-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108627955

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The Cambridge History of the Polar Regions by Adrian Howkins,Peder Roberts Pdf

The Cambridge History of the Polar Regions is a landmark collection drawing together the history of the Arctic and Antarctica from the earliest times to the present. Structured as a series of thematic chapters, an international team of scholars offer a range of perspectives from environmental history, the history of science and exploration, cultural history, and the more traditional approaches of political, social, economic, and imperial history. The volume considers the centrality of Indigenous experience and the urgent need to build action in the present on a thorough understanding of the past. Using historical research based on methods ranging from archives and print culture to archaeology and oral histories, these essays provide fresh analyses of the discovery of Antarctica, the disappearance of Sir John Franklin, the fate of the Norse colony in Greenland, the origins of the Antarctic Treaty, and much more. This is an invaluable resource for anyone interested in the history of our planet.

Archaeologies of Cosmoscapes in the Americas

Author : J. Grant Stauffer,Bretton T. Giles,Shawn P. Lambert
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2022-09-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781789258462

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Archaeologies of Cosmoscapes in the Americas by J. Grant Stauffer,Bretton T. Giles,Shawn P. Lambert Pdf

This volume examines how pre-Columbian societies in the Americas envisioned their cosmos and iteratively modeled it through the creation of particular objects and places. It emphasizes that American societies did this to materialize overarching models and templates for the shape and scope of the cosmos, the working definition of cosmoscape. Noting a tendency to gloss over the ways in which ancestral Americans envisioned the cosmos as intertwined and animated, the authors examine how cosmoscapes are manifested archaeologically, in the forms of objects and physically altered landscapes. This book’s chapters, therefore, offer case studies of cosmoscapes that present themselves as forms of architecture, portable artifacts, and transformed aspects of the natural world. In doing so, it emphasizes that the creation of cosmoscapes offered a means of reconciling peoples experiences of the world with their understandings of them.

The Visual Perception of Deities from the Palaeolithic to the Present

Author : Sirpa Aalto,Uta Herzog,Peter Hupfauf,Rudolf Simek
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2020-12-21
Category : Art
ISBN : 9781527564039

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The Visual Perception of Deities from the Palaeolithic to the Present by Sirpa Aalto,Uta Herzog,Peter Hupfauf,Rudolf Simek Pdf

Considering that figurines, such as the Venus from Willendorf, or the Lion Man of Hohlenstein-Stadel were already created approximately 30,000 years ago, it must be assumed that humans have had a desire to see a visual expression of their sacred beings for an exceedingly prolonged period of time. It is dialectical that visual interpretations of deities always result in a physical/body structure, resembling the shape of humans. This book is a fusion of multiple independent investigations regarding visual interpretations of deities and religions over a period of 30,000 years. A survey about the psychological necessity for humans to create images of gods and goddesses provides the background for the book’s presentation of images of deities, placed in a historical context. An accompanying text supports the illustrations to position them accordingly.

Structured Worlds

Author : Aubrey Cannon
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2014-10-14
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317544234

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Structured Worlds by Aubrey Cannon Pdf

Hunter-gatherer societies are constrained by their environment and the technologies available to them. However, until now the role of culture in foraging communities has not been widely considered. 'Structured Worlds' examines the role of cosmology, values, and perceptions in the archaeological histories of hunter-fisher-gatherers. The essays examine a range of cultures - Mesolithic Europe, Siberia, Jomon Japan, the Northwest Coast, the northern Plains, and High Arctic of North America - to show the role of conceptual frameworks in subsistence and settlement, technology, mobility, migration, demography, and social organization. Spanning from the early Holocene period to the present day, 'Structured Worlds' draws on archaeology and ethnography to explore the role of beliefs, ritual, and social values in the interaction between foragers and their physical and social landscape. Material culture, animal bones and settlement patterns show that the behaviours of hunter-gatherers were shaped as much by cultural concepts as by material need.

Cosmology, Calendars, and Horizon-Based Astronomy in Ancient Mesoamerica

Author : Anne S. Dowd,Susan Milbrath
Publisher : University Press of Colorado
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2015-05-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781607323792

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Cosmology, Calendars, and Horizon-Based Astronomy in Ancient Mesoamerica by Anne S. Dowd,Susan Milbrath Pdf

Cosmology, Calendars, and Horizon-Based Astronomy in Ancient Mesoamerica is an interdisciplinary tour de force that establishes the critical role astronomy played in the religious and civic lives of the ancient peoples of Mesoamerica. Providing extraordinary examples of how Precolumbian peoples merged ideas about the cosmos with those concerning calendar and astronomy, the volume showcases the value of detailed examinations of astronomical data for understanding ancient cultures. The volume is divided into three sections: investigations into Mesoamerican horizon-based astronomy, the cosmological principles expressed in Mesoamerican religious imagery and rituals related to astronomy, and the aspects of Mesoamerican calendars related to archaeoastronomy. It also provides cutting-edge research on diverse topics such as records of calendar and horizon-based astronomical observation (like the Dresden and Borgia codices), iconography of burial assemblages, architectural alignment studies, urban planning, and counting or measuring devices. Contributors—who are among the most respected in their fields— explore new dimensions in Mesoamerican timekeeping and skywatching in the Olmec, Maya, Teotihuacano, Zapotec, and Aztec cultures. It will be of great interest to students and scholars of anthropology, archaeology, art history, and astronomy.

The Archaeology of Religion

Author : Sharon R. Steadman
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 485 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2023-12-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781003806929

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The Archaeology of Religion by Sharon R. Steadman Pdf

The new and updated edition of The Archaeology of Religion explores how archaeology interprets past religions, offering insights into how archaeologists seek out the religious, ritual, and symbolic meaning behind what they discover in their research. The book includes case studies from around the world, from the study of Upper Palaeolithic and hunter-gatherer religions to religious structures and practices in complex societies of the Americas, Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, and China. Steadman also includes chapters on the origins and development of key contemporary religions—Judaism, Christianity, Islam, among others—to provide an historical and comparative context. Three main themes are threaded throughout the book. These main themes involve the intersection between cultural and religious structures (“religion reflects culture”), including the importance of environment in shaping a culture’s religion, the role religion can sometimes play as a method of social control, and the role religion can sometimes play as a key component in revitalizing a culture. Updated with new discoveries and theories and with two new chapters (Hunter-Gatherer Religions; and Cultures in East Asia) and with new sections on Neolithic Western Asia, the book remains an ideal introduction for courses that include a significant component on past cultures and their religions.