Nuclear Physics With Polarized Particles

Author : Hans Paetz gen. Schieck
Publisher : Springer
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2011-11-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 3642242278

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Nuclear Physics with Polarized Particles by Hans Paetz gen. Schieck Pdf

The measurement of spin-polarization observables in reactions of nuclei and particles is of great utility and advantage when the effects of single-spin sub-states are to be investigated. Indeed, the unpolarized differential cross-section encompasses the averaging over the spin states of the particles, and thus loses details of the interaction process. This introductory text combines, in a single volume, course-based lecture notes on spin physics and on polarized-ion sources with the aim of providing a concise yet self-contained starting point for newcomers to the field, as well as for lecturers in search of suitable material for their courses and seminars. A significant part of the book is devoted to introducing the formal theory—a description of polarization and of nuclear reactions with polarized particles. The remainder of the text describes the physical basis of methods and devices necessary to perform experiments with polarized particles and to measure polarization and polarization effects in nuclear reactions. The book concludes with a brief review of modern applications in medicine and fusion energy research. For reasons of conciseness and of the pedagogical aims of this volume, examples are mainly taken from low-energy installations such as tandem Van de Graaff laboratories, although the emphasis of present research is shifting to medium- and high-energy nuclear physics. Consequently, this volume is restricted to describing non-relativistic processes and focuses on the energy range from astrophysical energies (a few keV) to tens of MeV. It is further restricted to polarimetry of hadronic particles.

Author : Vladimir G. Baryshevsky
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 641 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814324830

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High-energy Nuclear Optics of Polarized Particles by Vladimir G. Baryshevsky Pdf

The various phenomena caused by refraction and diffraction of polarized elementary particles in matter have opened up a new research area in the particle physics: nuclear optics of polarized particles. Effects similar to the well-known optical phenomena such as birefringence and Faraday effects, exist also in particle physics, though the particle wavelength is much less than the distance between atoms of matter. Current knowledge of the quasi-optical effects, which exist for all particles in any wavelength range (and energies from low to extremely high), will enable us to investigate different properties of interacting particles (nuclei) in a new aspect. This pioneering book will provide detailed accounts of quasi-optical phenomena in the particle polarization, and will interest physicists and professionals in experimental particle physics.

Author : Makoto Tanifuji
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2018-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789813230903

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Polarization Phenomena In Physics: Applications To Nuclear Reactions by Makoto Tanifuji Pdf

This book allows the reader to understand the fundamentals of polarization phenomena in a general spin system, showing the polarizations to be indispensable information source of spin-dependent interactions. Particularly, the book describes polarization phenomena in nuclear scattering and reactions in detail, and explains how they provide information concerning spin-dependent interactions between the related particles. The concepts of polarization observables are explained, explicitly in the scattering of protons, deuterons and 7Li nuclei. In looking at deuteron and 7Li scattering, interactions induced by the virtual excitation of projectiles are examined in detail. Resonance reactions are investigated, focusing attention on the polarization of observables, which suggests that polarization phenomena can be used to determine the spin parity of the resonance. It is noted that in few-nucleon systems, the discrepancy between the values of polarization observables based on theoretical models and the corresponding values obtained through experimental data, is an important problem to be solved in the future. Solving this problem should provide new knowledge concerning the nuclear forces between nucleons.The author has chosen open-access publishing for this book to allow any interested person to study this branch of nuclear physics.

Author : Sandibek B. Nurushev,Mikhail F. Runtso,Mikhail N. Strikhanov
Publisher : Springer
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-10-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 364232164X

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Introduction to Polarization Physics by Sandibek B. Nurushev,Mikhail F. Runtso,Mikhail N. Strikhanov Pdf

This book is devoted to the polarization (spin) physics of high energy particles and contains three parts. The first part presents the theoretical prefaces of polarization in the particle physics for interpretations, predictions and bases for understanding the following two parts. The second part of the book presents the description of the essential polarization experiments including the recent ones. This part is devoted to the innovative instrumentations, gives the parameters of the polarized beams, targets, polarized gas jets and polarimeters. The third part of the book concentrates on the important achievements in polarization physics. The book can be used in lectures on nuclear and particle physics and and nuclear instruments and methods. As supplementary reading this book is useful for researchers working in particle and nuclear physics.

Author : Hans Paetz gen. Schieck
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 187 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2011-11-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642242250

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Nuclear Physics with Polarized Particles by Hans Paetz gen. Schieck Pdf

The measurement of spin-polarization observables in reactions of nuclei and particles is of great utility and advantage when the effects of single-spin sub-states are to be investigated. Indeed, the unpolarized differential cross-section encompasses the averaging over the spin states of the particles, and thus loses details of the interaction process. This introductory text combines, in a single volume, course-based lecture notes on spin physics and on polarized-ion sources with the aim of providing a concise yet self-contained starting point for newcomers to the field, as well as for lecturers in search of suitable material for their courses and seminars. A significant part of the book is devoted to introducing the formal theory—a description of polarization and of nuclear reactions with polarized particles. The remainder of the text describes the physical basis of methods and devices necessary to perform experiments with polarized particles and to measure polarization and polarization effects in nuclear reactions. The book concludes with a brief review of modern applications in medicine and fusion energy research. For reasons of conciseness and of the pedagogical aims of this volume, examples are mainly taken from low-energy installations such as tandem Van de Graaff laboratories, although the emphasis of present research is shifting to medium- and high-energy nuclear physics. Consequently, this volume is restricted to describing non-relativistic processes and focuses on the energy range from astrophysical energies (a few keV) to tens of MeV. It is further restricted to polarimetry of hadronic particles.

Author : Amand Faessler
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483278407

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Particle and Nuclear Physics by Amand Faessler Pdf

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, Volume 26 covers the significant advances in understanding the fundamentals of particle and nuclear physics. This volume is divided into four chapters, and begins with a brief overview of the various possible ideas beyond the standard model, the problem they address and their experimental tests. The next chapter deals with the basic physics of neutrino mass based on from a gauge theoretic point of view. This chapter considers the various extensions of the standard electroweak theory, along with their implications for neutrino physics. The discussion then shifts to the principles of slow neutrons and their fundamental interactions, as well as some slow neutron experiments. The final chapter surveys the role of strangeness in the context of dense hadronic matter, including strangeness as a probe of the dynamics of relativistic heavy ion collisions and its importance in astrophysics. This book will prove useful to physicists and allied scientists.

Author : Qing-Biao Shen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3031118790

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Polarization Theory of Nuclear Reactions by Qing-Biao Shen Pdf

This book provides the reader with a modern and comprehensive overview of nuclear polarization theory. The understanding of polarization phenomena greatly enriches data obtained from scattering and nuclear reactions by providing information on the interaction that can change spin orientation as well as important verification data for the study of nuclear structures and reaction mechanisms. The author methodically derives the polarization theory of nuclear reactions for various types of elastic scattering and two-body direct reactions between particles of different spin and unpolarized target nuclei with arbitrary spin, as well as the reactions between two polarized light particles and the polarization theory for photon beams. In addition, the polarization theories of relativistic nuclear reactions are rigorously covered in great scope and detail. A chapter on polarized particle transport theory presents the Monte-Carlo method for describing the transport of polarized particles and formalizes the polarized particle transport equation. Here, the author also illustrates a novel and concrete scheme for establishing a polarization nuclear database. Nuclear polarization is important not only for microscopic nuclear structure and reaction studies but also for nuclear engineering, applied nuclear physics, and medical physics. With the development of radioactive beam facilities and, on the theoretical side, the development of consistent microscopic nuclear reaction and structure theories, this book on the polarization theory of nuclear reactions serves as a timely source of reference for students and researchers alike.

Author : Asim Orhan Barut
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : SCIENCE
ISBN : 9814535702

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Polarization Dynamics in Nuclear and Particle Physics by Asim Orhan Barut Pdf

Author : Makoto Tanifuji
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2018-04-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9813230886

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Polarization Phenomena in Physics by Makoto Tanifuji Pdf

Author : P. A. Krupchit︠s︡kiĭ
Publisher : Springer
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1987-04-30
Category : Science
ISBN : UCAL:B4128199

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Fundamental Research with Polarized Slow Neutrons by P. A. Krupchit︠s︡kiĭ Pdf

In the last twenty years polarized beams of slow neutrons have been used effectively in fundamental research in nuclear physics. Parity violation in nuclear fission and neutron optics was discoverd as well as the nuclear precession of neutrons and the coherent interference of spin channels in neutron capture by nuclei. Furthermore, these methods helped to understand better the neutron`s electric dipole moment and its beta decay. This book gives a thorough introduction to these experimental methods including the most recent techniques of generating and analyzing polarized neutral beams. It clearly shows the close relationship between elementary particle physics and nuclear physics, in particular in the section dealing with the effects caused by weak interactions. Special attention is paid to experiments which investigate the violation of quantum mechanical conservation laws. The book not only addresses specialists but also those interested in the foundations of elementary particle and nuclear physics. It is well suited as additional reading for students.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Physics and Astronomy,Committee on the Assessment of and Outlook for Nuclear Physics
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309260404

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Nuclear Physics by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Physics and Astronomy,Committee on the Assessment of and Outlook for Nuclear Physics Pdf

The principal goals of the study were to articulate the scientific rationale and objectives of the field and then to take a long-term strategic view of U.S. nuclear science in the global context for setting future directions for the field. Nuclear Physics: Exploring the Heart of Matter provides a long-term assessment of an outlook for nuclear physics. The first phase of the report articulates the scientific rationale and objectives of the field, while the second phase provides a global context for the field and its long-term priorities and proposes a framework for progress through 2020 and beyond. In the second phase of the study, also developing a framework for progress through 2020 and beyond, the committee carefully considered the balance between universities and government facilities in terms of research and workforce development and the role of international collaborations in leveraging future investments. Nuclear physics today is a diverse field, encompassing research that spans dimensions from a tiny fraction of the volume of the individual particles (neutrons and protons) in the atomic nucleus to the enormous scales of astrophysical objects in the cosmos. Nuclear Physics: Exploring the Heart of Matter explains the research objectives, which include the desire not only to better understand the nature of matter interacting at the nuclear level, but also to describe the state of the universe that existed at the big bang. This report explains how the universe can now be studied in the most advanced colliding-beam accelerators, where strong forces are the dominant interactions, as well as the nature of neutrinos.

Author : Pyotr Aleksandrovich Krupchitsky
Publisher : Springer
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 3642525032

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Fundamental Research with Polarized Slow Neutrons by Pyotr Aleksandrovich Krupchitsky Pdf

In the last twenty years polarized beams of slow neutrons have been used effectively in fundamental research in nuclear physics. Parity violation in nuclear fission and neutron optics was discoverd as well as the nuclear precession of neutrons and the coherent interference of spin channels in neutron capture by nuclei. Furthermore, these methods helped to understand better the neutron`s electric dipole moment and its beta decay. This book gives a thorough introduction to these experimental methods including the most recent techniques of generating and analyzing polarized neutral beams. It clearly shows the close relationship between elementary particle physics and nuclear physics, in particular in the section dealing with the effects caused by weak interactions. Special attention is paid to experiments which investigate the violation of quantum mechanical conservation laws. The book not only addresses specialists but also those interested in the foundations of elementary particle and nuclear physics. It is well suited as additional reading for students.

Author : Yung-kuo Lim
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 658 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810239173

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Problems and Solutions on Atomic, Nuclear and Particle Physics by Yung-kuo Lim Pdf

Atomic and Molecular Physics : Atomic Physics (1001--1122) - Molecular Physics (1123--1142) - Nuclear Physics : Basic Nuclear Properties (2001--2023) - Nuclear Binding Energy, Fission and Fusion (2024--2047) - The Deuteron and Nuclear forces (2048--2058) - Nuclear Models (2059--2075) - Nuclear Decays (2076--2107) - Nuclear Reactions (2108--2120) - Particle Physics : Interactions and Symmetries (3001--3037) - Weak and Electroweak Interactions, Grand Unification Theories (3038--3071) - Structure of Hadros and the Quark Model (3072--3090) - Experimental Methods and Miscellaneous Topics : Kinematics of High-Energy Particles (4001--4061) - Interactions between Radiation and Matter (4062--4085) - Detection Techniques and Experimental Methods (4086--4105) - Error Estimation and Statistics (4106--4118) - Particle Beams and Accelerators (4119--4131).

Author : Asim Orhan Barut
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1993-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810214235

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Polarization Dynamics in Nuclear and Particle Physics by Asim Orhan Barut Pdf

Author : Pietro Faccioli,Carlos Lourenço
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2023-01-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031088766

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Particle Polarization in High Energy Physics by Pietro Faccioli,Carlos Lourenço Pdf

This open-access book addresses the following questions: how does the polarization of a particle, i.e., the angular momentum state in which it is produced, manifest itself in nature? What are the concepts and tools needed to perform rigorous measurements providing complete and unambiguous physical information? Polarization measurements are important because they reflect the nature and coupling properties of a particle and provide unique insights into the underlying fundamental interactions, playing a central role in the study and understanding of the mechanisms of particle production. Besides gradually reviewing many fundamental notions, the book presents several case studies relevant to physics analyses underway at the LHC, including the lepton-antilepton decays of vector states (Drell–Yan, Z and W bosons, quarkonia, etc.). The book also offers a detailed discussion of cascade decays, where the vector particle is a daughter of another particle, as well as a survey of typical angular distributions of particles of any integer or half-integer spin. With a visual approach to the presentation of the concepts and frequent use of pedagogical examples, taken from real measurements, gedankenexperiments, or detailed simulations, the book focuses on aspects of polarization measurements that are sometimes underestimated or left unexplored in experimental analyses, such as the importance of the choice of the reference frame, the existence of frame-independent relations, and the shapes of the physically allowed parameter domains. Several examples are provided of pitfalls introduced when the intrinsic multidimensionality of the problem is neglected in exchange for a simplified analysis. Targeting an audience of graduate students, post-docs, and other researchers involved in analyses of LHC data, this book helps to establish a solid bridge between high precision data, existing or soon to be collected, and accurate measurements, including high-sensitivity tests of the Standard Model.