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OECD Economic Surveys: South Africa 2017 by OECD Pdf
Over the last two decades, South Africa has accomplished enormous social progress by bringing to millions of citizens access to key public services. Nevertheless, growth has trended down markedly recently due to constraints on the supply side. Low growth has led to the stagnation of GDP per ...
OECD Economic Surveys: South Africa 2017 by Collectif Pdf
Over the last two decades, South Africa has accomplished enormous social progress by bringing to millions of citizens access to key public services. Nevertheless, growth has trended down markedly recently due to constraints on the supply side. Low growth has led to the stagnation of GDP per capita, and persistent high unemployment and inequalities. The economy faces many structural challenges while high inflation limits room for monetary policy support and high public debt constrains public spending. South Africa needs structural reforms that would boost the potential of the economy, in particular, broadening competition, limiting the size and grip of state-owned enterprises on the economy, and improving the quality of the education system. Greater regional integration could provide new opportunities for growth by expanding market size. South African firms are well placed to benefit from deeper integration. However, lowering tariffs and non-tariffs barriers on trade, developing regional infrastructure and harmonising regulations are needed to foster regional integration. More entrepreneurs and thriving small businesses would contribute to inclusive growth and job creation. Barriers to entrepreneurship include bureaucratic procedures and licensing, which are also an ongoing burden on small firms. An education system that better equippes students with basic and entrepreneurial skills would grow the pipeline of entrepreneurs. A better evidence base is crucial for more effective financial and non-financial support programmes to boost start-up rates and small firms’ growth. SPECIAL FEATURES: DEEPENING REGIONAL INTEGRATION; BOOSTING ENTREPRENEURSHIP
OECD Economic Surveys: South Africa 2020 by OECD Pdf
The COVID-19 outbreak is worsening an already fragile economic outlook. Since 2013, growth has been modest and unemployment has been rising. Policy uncertainty has been the main driver of low confidence and subdued investment. Following a sharp fiscal deterioration in recent years, the crisis also heightened debt sustainability challenges.
OECD Economic Surveys: South Africa 2013 by OECD Pdf
OECD's 2013 Economic Survey of South Africa examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects. Special chapters cover improving education quality and green growth.
This 2017 OECD Economic Survey of Mexico examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects. The special chapters cover inclusive growth and productivity.
This 2017 OECD Economic Survey of Japan examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects. The special chapters cover productivity for inclusive growth and fiscal sustainability.
- Basic statistics of India, 2015 or latest year available (Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average) - Acronyms - Executive summary - Assessment and recommendations - Follow-up to previous OECD policy recommendations - Making income and property taxes more growth-friendly and redistributive - Achieving strong and balanced regional development - Spatial inequalities: across states or between rural and urban areas?
This 2017 OECD Economic Survey of Sweden examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects. The special chapters cover income inequality and gender inequality.
OECD Economic Surveys: South Africa 2010 by OECD Pdf
OECD's periodic review of South Africa's economy. This edition features chapters covering moving beyond the crisis and finding a sustainable growth path, strengthening the macroeconomic policy framework, and closing the labour utilisation gap.
OECD Economic Surveys: South Africa 2022 by OECD Pdf
The COVID-19 crisis has weakened an already fragile economy. South Africa’s growth underperformed during the past decade: GDP per capita was already lower in 2019 than in 2008. Unemployment remains high, at around 35%, and youth unemployment even exceeds 50%. In the meantime, spending pressures are mounting to close the financing gap in health, infrastructure and higher education.
This 2017 OECD Economic Survey of India examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects. The special chapters cover tax reform and regional development.
OECD Economic Surveys: South Africa 2015 by OECD Pdf
This 2015 OECD Economic Survey of South Africa examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects. Special chapters cover infrastructure and business regulation; tax policy and inclusive growth.
Estonia’s economy continues to perform well, and growing incomes support well-being. However, the expansion has peaked, and growth is set to soften due to weak international demand. Prudent fiscal policy has resulted in low debt, but spending pressures related to meeting infrastructure needs and ageing are mounting. Old age poverty is high and the proposal to allow early withdrawal of pension funds threatens macroeconomic stability and pension adequacy. The gender wage gap is among the highest in the OECD, and inequalities in income and health are considerable, reflecting gaps in the social safety net. The oil-shale sector is highly energy-intensive and is the main culprit behind Estonia’s high greenhouse gas emissions, but reducing dependence on the sector is challenging, as it is an important employer and meets 70% of Estonia’s energy needs.
OECD Economic Surveys: New Zealand 2017 by OECD Pdf
New Zealand is enjoying strong economic growth, driven by booming tourism, high net immigration, solid construction activity and supportive monetary policy. The fiscal position is sound, with low public debt and a balanced budget.
India has been a growth champion in recent years and has succeeded in taming inflation, the current account deficit and non-performing loans. India's participation in the global economy has risen, with outstanding performances in some services, while the largest diaspora in the world is an asset in developing new markets. India has also lifted many millions of people out of poverty and has made access to housing for all a priority. Ambitious structural reforms -- including better targeted household support, financial inclusion initiatives, the implementation of the Goods and Services Tax, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, the new approach to federalism and the corporate income tax reform -- have played a key role.
