Oecd Guidelines For The Testing Of Chemicals Section 2 Test No 207 Earthworm Acute Toxicity Tests
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OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 207: Earthworm, Acute Toxicity Tests by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline includes two methods: a paper contact toxicity test and an artificial soil test. The recommended specie is Eisenia foetida (Michaelsen). The initial screening test (filter paper contact test) involves exposing earthworms to test ...
Test No. 222: Earthworm Reproduction Test (Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei) by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is designed to be used for assessing the effects of chemicals in soil on the reproductive output (and other sub-lethal end points) of the earthworm species Eisenia fetida or Eisenia andrei. Adult worms are exposed to a range of ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 203: Fish, Acute Toxicity Test by OECD Pdf
The fish are exposed to the test substance preferably for a period of 96 hours. Mortalities are recorded at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours and the concentrations which kill 50 per cent of the fish (LC50) are determined where possible. One or more species ...
Principles and Methods of Toxicology, Fifth Edition by A. Wallace Hayes Pdf
Founded on the paradox that all things are poisons and the difference between poison and remedy is quantity, the determination of safe dosage forms the base and focus of modern toxicology. In order to make a sound determination there must be a working knowledge of the biologic mechanisms involved and of the methods employed to define these mechanisms. While the vastness of the field and the rapid accumulation of data may preclude the possibility of absorbing and retaining more than a fraction of the available information, a solid understanding of the underlying principles is essential. Extensively revised and updated with four new chapters and an expanded glossary, this fifth edition of the classic text, Principles and Methods of Toxicology provides comprehensive coverage in a manageable and accessible format. New topics include 'toxicopanomics', plant and animal poisons, information resources, and non-animal testing alternatives. Emphasizing the cornerstones of toxicology-people differ, dose matters, and things change, the book begins with a review of the history of toxicology and followed by an explanation of basic toxicological principles, agents that cause toxicity, target organ toxicity, and toxicological testing methods including many of the test protocols required to meet regulatory needs worldwide. The book examines each method or procedure from the standpoint of technique and interpretation of data and discusses problems and pitfalls that may be associated with each. The addition of several new authors allow for a broader and more diverse treatment of the ever-changing and expanding field of toxicology. Maintaining the high-quality information and organizational framework that made the previous editions so successful, Principles and Methods of Toxicology, Fifth Edition continues to be a valuable resource for the advanced practitioner as well as the new disciple of toxicology.
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 218: Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Using Spiked Sediment by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is designed to assess the effects of prolonged exposure of chemicals to the sediment-dwelling larvae of the freshwater dipteran Chironomus sp. First instar chironomid larvae are exposed to at least five concentrations of the test ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 204: Fish, Prolonged Toxicity Test: 14-Day Study by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline presents guidance for measurement of lethal and other observed effects in fish exposed to test substances. It may be used in place of Test Guideline 203 if a longer observation period is considered useful and appropriate and the ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 220: Enchytraeid Reproduction Test by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is designed to be used for assessing the effects of chemicals on the reproductive output of the enchytraeid worm, Enchytraeus albidus Henle 1873, in soil.
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 225: Sediment-Water Lumbriculus Toxicity Test Using Spiked Sediment by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is designed to assess the effects of prolonged exposure to sediment-associated chemicals on the reproduction and the biomass of the endobenthic oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller). The method is described for static test ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 247: Bumblebee, Acute Oral Toxicity Test by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline describes a method to assess effects of a test chemical on the phagocytotic activity of activated sludge containing protozoan organisms under defined conditions in the presence of different concentrations of the test chemical. The principle of biological sewage-treatment ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 219: Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Using Spiked Water by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is designed to assess the effects of prolonged exposure of chemicals to the sediment-dwelling larvae of the freshwater dipteran Chironomus sp. First instar chironomid larvae are exposed to at least five concentrations of the test ...
Test No. 226: Predatory mite (Hypoaspis (Geolaelaps) aculeifer) reproduction test in soil by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline describes a method to assess the effects of chemical substances in soil on the reproductive output of the soil mite species Hypoaspis (Geolaelaps) aculeifer Canestrini (Acari: Laelapidae). It can be used for water soluble or ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4: Health Effects Test No. 436: Acute Inhalation Toxicity – Acute Toxic Class Method by OECD Pdf
The method described by this Test Guideline provides information that allows hazard assessment for short-term exposure to a test article by inhalation, and allows the substance to be classified according to the Globally Harmonized System of ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3 Test No. 317: Bioaccumulation in Terrestrial Oligochaetes by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline describes procedures designed to assess bioaccumulation of chemicals in soil oligochaetes. The parameters which characterise the bioaccumulation of a substance include the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), the uptake rate constant ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 213: Honeybees, Acute Oral Toxicity Test by OECD Pdf
This Test Guideline is a laboratory test method, designed to assess the oral acute toxicity of pesticides and other chemicals, to adult worker honeybees. Adult worker honeybees are exposed to five doses in a geometric series of the test substance ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 210: Fish, Early-life Stage Toxicity Test by OECD Pdf
The test method described in this Test Guideline, is intended to define the lethal and sub-lethal effects of chemicals on the early life stages of the species tested. The early-life stages of fish are exposed to five concentrations of the test ...
