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Olfaction in Mosquito-Host Interactions by Gregory R. Bock,Gail Cardew Pdf
This new work contains the first integrated discussion of the role of olfaction in mosquito-host interactions. It covers the practical applications of this knowledge in attempting to control malaria as a problem for world health. The volume begins with a general overview of mosquito life cycle styles and how odour-mediated host location fits into the repertoire of behaviours that a specific species may exhibit. Certain aspects of insect olfaction and its underlying physiological mechanisms are incorporated within the book.
Olfaction in vector-host interactions by Willem Takken,Bart G.J. Knols Pdf
This is a multi-authored book with a focus on the role of olfaction (the sense of smell) in the multitude of interactions between arthropods and their blood hosts. Blood-feeding arthropods (mostly insects, ticks and mites) depend on a vertebrate host for survival and reproduction. Their evolutionary success depends on how efficiently they can detect the presence of a host and actively locate it to obtain a blood meal. This is the domain of olfaction, which is perhaps the most important mode of signal exchange between hosts and blood-feeding arthropods that visit them. Important human and animal diseases like malaria, dengue, West Nile virus, bluetongue and trypanosomiasis are transmitted between humans and/or animals as a direct outcome of olfactory responses mediated by host odours. Increased understanding of olfaction and how this governs interactions between arthropods and blood hosts will enable the development of novel strategies to disrupt this behaviour. For example, many species of tsetse fly respond over distance to simple blends of synthetic odours. Combined with traps or insecticide-treated targets, such odour-baited devices can effectively suppress fly populations and thus transmission of sleeping sickness. Such systems still need to be developed for disease-vectoring mosquitoes, flies and ticks, necessitating further knowledge on the chemical basis of interactions with their vertebrate hosts. In 18 peer-reviewed chapters, recognized experts provide a state-of-the-art overview of olfaction in vector-host interactions, from the molecular to population biology level. A wide range of arthropods is discussed, including mosquitoes, black flies, sand flies, tsetse flies, blood-feeding bugs and ticks. Novel ideas, definition of research gaps, and a collection of the most recent studies will be of value to biology students, chemical ecologists, as well as those implementing vector control programmes.
Neurobiology of Chemical Communication by Carla Mucignat-Caretta Pdf
Intraspecific communication involves the activation of chemoreceptors and subsequent activation of different central areas that coordinate the responses of the entire organism—ranging from behavioral modification to modulation of hormones release. Animals emit intraspecific chemical signals, often referred to as pheromones, to advertise their presence to members of the same species and to regulate interactions aimed at establishing and regulating social and reproductive bonds. In the last two decades, scientists have developed a greater understanding of the neural processing of these chemical signals. Neurobiology of Chemical Communication explores the role of the chemical senses in mediating intraspecific communication. Providing an up-to-date outline of the most recent advances in the field, it presents data from laboratory and wild species, ranging from invertebrates to vertebrates, from insects to humans. The book examines the structure, anatomy, electrophysiology, and molecular biology of pheromones. It discusses how chemical signals work on different mammalian and non-mammalian species and includes chapters on insects, Drosophila, honey bees, amphibians, mice, tigers, and cattle. It also explores the controversial topic of human pheromones. An essential reference for students and researchers in the field of pheromones, this is also an ideal resource for those working on behavioral phenotyping of animal models and persons interested in the biology/ecology of wild and domestic species.
Author : Bill S. Hansson Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 460 pages File Size : 47,5 Mb Release : 2013-06-29 Category : Medical ISBN : 9783662079119
JOHN G. HILDEBRAND Research on insect olfaction is important for at least two reasons. First, the olfactory systems of insects and their arthropod kin are experi mentally favourable models for studies aimed at learning about general principles of olfaction that apply to vertebrates and invertebrates alike. Detailed comparisons between the olfactory pathways in vertebrates and insects have revealed striking similarities of functional organisation, physiol ogy, and development, suggesting that olfactory information is processed through neural mechanisms more similar than different in these evolution arily remote creatures. Second, insect olfaction itself is important because of the economic and medical impact of insects that are agricultural pests and disease vectors, as well as positive impact of beneficial species, such as the bees and moths responsible for pollination and production of honey. The harm or benefit attributable to an insect is a function of what it does - that is, of its behaviour - which is shaped by sensory information. Often olfaction is the key modality for control of basic insect behaviour, such as ori entation and movement toward, and interactions with, potential mates, appro priate sites for oviposition, and sources of food. Not surprisingly, therefore, much work on insect olfaction has been motivated by long-term hopes of using knowledge of this pivotal sensory system to design strategies for mon itoring and managing harmful species and fostering the welfare of beneficial ones.
The Invincible Deadly Mosquitoes by B.K. Tyagi Pdf
The Invincible Deadly Mosquitoes is a book with a difference, written in clear, simple and lucid language, and directed both at professional as well as amateur readership. The book is in fact a tribute to all those great entomologists and doctors, exemplified by a few chosen biographical sketches, who relentlessly worked arduously through all thick and thin to stem out the menace called mosquito. The dangers levied on humans by this tiny creature are too many, from irritating and painful bites to transmitting debilitating and deadly infections like malaria, filariasis, dengue, yellow fever and many types of encephalitides, many of which persistently occur in India. Mosquitoes, and the incapacitating diseases they transmit, have for long been considered to sap off individual's and the country's most vital resource, the blood, and, in the process, lend intellectual impoverishment on its people. The book, organized into fourteen chapters dealing with detailed morphology, taxonomy, feeding behaviour and control aspects, tells it all in the most straight forward manner, added with simple and comprehensible data projections. Mosquito, man's deadliest enemy on earth, in terms of both health and economy, is only getting mightier despite all our efforts to control it in past, and has now advanced to pose an inevitable threat to his successful survival. As biological entity, chronologically older and far too greatly seasoned, mosquito appears to be invincible if only targeted for a complete annihilation. Co-existence of both mosquito and man, without allowing the former to vex the latter, has to be designed by the more wiser one the homo sapiens. This book a unique experiment - thus offers a novel stimulus behind the mosquito saga and should hopefully serve country's medical entomologists a great deal in comprehending the real strengths and weaknesses of his bête noire, the mosquito.
Coding Properties in Invertebrate Sensory Systems by Sylvia Anton,Anders Garm,Berthold G. Hedwig Pdf
Animals rely on sensory input from their environment for survival and reproduction. Depending on the importance of a signal for a given species, accuracy of sensory coding might vary from pure detection up to precise coding of intensity, quality and temporal features of the signal. Highly sophisticated sense organs and related central nervous sensory pathways can be of utmost importance for animals in a complex environment and when using advanced communication systems. In sensory systems different anatomical and physiological features have evolved to optimally encode behaviourally relevant signals at the level of sense organs and central processing. The wide range of organizational complexity, in combination with their relatively simple and accessible nervous systems, makes invertebrates excellent models to study general sensory coding principles. The contributions to this e-book illustrate on one hand particular features of specific sensory systems, and on the other hand indicate not only common features of sensory coding across invertebrate phyla, but also similar processing principles of complex stimuli between different sensory modalities. The chapters show that the extraction of behaviourally relevant signals from all environmental stimuli, as well as the detection of low intensity signals and the analysis of temporal features can be similar across sensory modalities, including olfaction, vision, mechanoreception, and heat perception.
Computational Design of Chemicals for the Control of Mosquitoes and Their Diseases by James Devillers Pdf
There is a compelling need for new drugs and efficient treatments against mosquito-borne diseases. Environmentally safe, but effective insecticides that address the problems of resistance are required. Computational Design of Chemicals for the Control of Mosquitoes and Their Diseases explains how the search for new substances effective against mosquitoes and their diseases has benefited from the use of in silico techniques. QSAR modeling is suited to identify the key structural features and/or physicochemical properties explaining an activity and to propose candidate molecules for further evaluation by laboratory tests. Homology modeling is useful to approximate the 3D structure of proteins of interest. Pharmacophore modeling is a powerful means to capture the chemical features responsible for an activity and to identify new potentially active compounds via the virtual screening of databases. Fugacity modeling and a wealth of other modeling paradigms are useful for risk assessment in vector borne disease control.
Author : Paul S. Auerbach,Tracy A Cushing,N. Stuart Harris Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences Page : 3097 pages File Size : 41,8 Mb Release : 2016-09-21 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780323396097
Auerbach's Wilderness Medicine by Paul S. Auerbach,Tracy A Cushing,N. Stuart Harris Pdf
Now in its 7th edition, Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine continues to help you quickly and decisively manage medical emergencies encountered in any wilderness or other austere setting! World-renowned authority Dr. Paul Auerbach and 2 new associate editors have assembled a team of experts to offer proven, practical, visual guidance for effectively diagnosing and treating the full range of issues that can occur in situations where time and resources are scarce. This indispensable resource equips physicians, nurses, advanced practice providers, first responders, and rescuers with the essential knowledge and skills to effectively address and prevent injuries and illnesses – no matter where they happen! Brand-new 2-volume format ensures all content is available in print and online to provide you easy access. Face any medical challenge in the wilderness with expert guidance from hundreds of outstanding world experts edited by Dr. Auerbach and 2 new associate editors, Drs.Tracy Cushing and N. Stuart Harris New and expanded chapters with hundreds of new photos and illustrative drawings help increase your visual understanding of the material Acquire the knowledge and skills you need with revised chapters providing expanded discussions of high-altitude medicine, improvisation, technical rescue, telemedicine, ultrasound, and wilderness medicine education Ten new chapters cover Acute High-Altitude Medicine and Pathophysiology; High Altitude and Pre-Existing Medical Conditions; Cycles, Snowmobiles, and other Wilderness Conveyances; Medical Wilderness Adventure Races (MedWAR); Canyoneering and Canyon Medicine; Evidence-Based Wilderness Medicine; National Park Service Medicine; Genomics and Personalized Wilderness Medicine; Forestry; and Earth Sciences 30+ Expert Consult online videos cover survival tips, procedural demonstrations, and detailed explanations of diseases and incidents Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, images, videos, and references from the book on a variety of devices
Insect Repellents by Mustapha Debboun,Stephen P. Frances,Daniel Strickman Pdf
Drawing together information previously found only in articles, reviews, symposia proceedings, commercial literature, and medical entomology texts, Insect Repellents: Principles, Methods, and Uses is a one-volume source on the development, evaluation, and use of repellents. It provides a thoughtful analysis of old and new information, from t
Biology of Blood-Sucking Insects by Mike Lehane Pdf
Blood-sucking insects are the vectors of many of the most debilitating parasites of man and his domesticated animals. In addition they are of considerable direct cost to the agricultural industry through losses in milk and meat yields, and through damage to hides and wool, etc. So, not surprisingly, many books of medical and veterinary entomology have been written. Most of these texts are organized taxonomically giving the details of the life-cycles, bionomics, relationship to disease and economic importance of each of the insect groups in turn. I have taken a different approach. This book is topic led and aims to discuss the biological themes which are common in the lives of blood-sucking insects. To do this I have concentrated on those aspects of the biology of these fascinating insects which have been clearly modified in some way to suit the blood-sucking habit. For example, I have discussed feeding and digestion in some detail because feeding on blood presents insects with special problems, but I have not discussed respiration because it is not affected in any particular way by haematophagy. Naturally there is a subjective element in the choice of topics for discussion and the weight given to each. I hope that I have not let my enthusiasm for particular subjects get the better of me on too many occasions and that the subject material achieves an overall balance.
Issues in Life Sciences: Acarology, Arachnology, and Entomology: 2011 Edition by Anonim Pdf
Issues in Life Sciences: Acarology, Arachnology, and Entomology: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Life Sciences—Acarology, Arachnology, and Entomology. The editors have built Issues in Life Sciences: Acarology, Arachnology, and Entomology: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Life Sciences—Acarology, Arachnology, and Entomology in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Life Sciences: Acarology, Arachnology, and Entomology: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Genetic Control of Malaria and Dengue by Zach N. Adelman Pdf
Genetic Control of Malaria and Dengue focuses on the knowledge, technology, regulation and ethics of using genetically modified mosquitoes to interrupt the transmission of important vector-borne diseases including Malaria. It contains coverage of the current state of knowledge of vector-borne diseases and how they are currently controlled; vaccine, drug and insecticide development; various strategies for altering the genome of mosquitoes in beneficial ways; and the regulatory, ethical and social environment concerning these strategies. For more than five decades, the prospect of using genetically-modified mosquitoes to control vector-borne disease transmission has been a purely hypothetical scenario. We simply did not have the technology or basic knowledge to be able to do it. With the explosion of field trials and potential interventions in development, Genetic Control of Malaria and Dengue provides a comprehensive overview of research in genetics, microbiology, virology, and ecology involved in the development and implementation of genetic modification programs for virus and disease control. This book is meant to provide a practical guide to researchers, regulators and the general public about how this technology actually works, how it can be improved, and what is still unknown. Includes coverage of vectorial capacity, critical to understanding vector-borne disease transmission Provides a summary of the concepts of both population suppression and population replacement Contains pivotal coverage of ethical and ecological ramifications of genetics-based control strategies
Sino-Nasal and Olfactory System Disorders by Thomas Heinbockel,Balwant Singh Gendeh Pdf
Our sense of smell is of critical importance in our daily lives and it contributes to our personal wellbeing and safety as well as communication with others. However, it is only when disease or injury impairs its function that we appreciate the relevance of this sensory modality. During the past three decades, research of the olfactory sense has seen an ever-growing interest in this exciting field of study. This book provides the reader with an overview of the latest developments in sino-nasal and olfactory system disorders and focuses on the most important evidence-based developments in this area. This book addresses disorders, dysfunctions, diseases, and syndromes of the olfactory system ranging from molecular, cellular, and systems to cognitive and behavioral topics. Individual chapters center around recent advances in specific areas of chemosensory pathological conditions, while other chapters focus on technological developments to study the function and dysfunction of the olfactory pathways.
