Online Hate Speech In The European Union

Author : Stavros Assimakopoulos,Fabienne H. Baider,Sharon Millar
Publisher : Springer
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2017-12-20
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783319726045

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Online Hate Speech in the European Union by Stavros Assimakopoulos,Fabienne H. Baider,Sharon Millar Pdf

This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license and reports on research carried out as part of the European Union co-funded C.O.N.T.A.C.T. project which targeted hate speech and hate crime across a number of EU member states. It showcases the bearing that discourse analytic research can have on our understanding of this phenomenon that is a growing global cause for concern. Although ‘hate speech’ is often incorporated in legal and policy documents, there is no universally accepted definition, which in itself warrants research into how hatred is both expressed and perceived. The research project synthesises discourse analytic and corpus linguistics techniques, and presents its key findings here. The focus is especially on online comments posted in reaction to news items that could trigger discrimination, as well as on the folk perception of online hate speech as revealed through semi-structured interviews with young individuals across the various partner countries.

Author : Stavros Assimakopoulos,Fabienne H Baider,Sharon Millar
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2020-10-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1013269810

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Online Hate Speech in the European Union by Stavros Assimakopoulos,Fabienne H Baider,Sharon Millar Pdf

This open access book reports on research carried out as part of the European Union co-funded C.O.N.T.A.C.T. project which targeted hate speech and hate crime across a number of EU member states. It showcases the bearing that discourse analytic research can have on our understanding of this phenomenon that is a growing global cause for concern.Although 'hate speech' is often incorporated in legal and policy documents, there is no universally accepted definition, which in itself warrants research into how hatred is both expressed and perceived. The research project synthesises discourse analytic and corpus linguistics techniques, and presents its key findings here. The focus is especially on online comments posted in reaction to news items that could trigger discrimination, as well as on the folk perception of online hate speech as revealed through semi-structured interviews with young individuals across the various partner countries. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

Author : Stavros Assimakopoulos,Fabienne H. Baider,Sharon Millar
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Corpora (Linguistics)
ISBN : 3319726056

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Online Hate Speech in the European Union by Stavros Assimakopoulos,Fabienne H. Baider,Sharon Millar Pdf

Author : Gagliardone, Iginio,Gal, Danit,Alves, Thiago,Martinez, Gabriela
Publisher : UNESCO Publishing
Page : 73 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2015-06-17
Category : Education
ISBN : 9789231001055

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Countering online hate speech by Gagliardone, Iginio,Gal, Danit,Alves, Thiago,Martinez, Gabriela Pdf

The opportunities afforded by the Internet greatly overshadow the challenges. While not forgetting this, we can nevertheless still address some of the problems that arise. Hate speech online is one such problem. But what exactly is hate speech online, and how can we deal with it effectively? As with freedom of expression, on- or offline, UNESCO defends the position that the free flow of information should always be the norm. Counter-speech is generally preferable to suppression of speech. And any response that limits speech needs to be very carefully weighed to ensure that this remains wholly exceptional, and that legitimate robust debate is not curtailed.

Author : Oscar Pérez de la Fuente,Alexander Tsesis,Jędrzej Skrzypczak
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2023-03-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000874044

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Minorities, Free Speech and the Internet by Oscar Pérez de la Fuente,Alexander Tsesis,Jędrzej Skrzypczak Pdf

Minorities, Free Speech and the Internet explores the regulation of free speech online and offline. Views are divided as to how much regulation of the Internet is appropriate. Some argue that it should be an unregulated space for free content. On the other hand, in many democracies, online hate speech, harassment and xenophobia are prohibited and punished. This book provides a forum for leading international scholars to address domestic and comparative dimensions of this complex legal conundrum. First, the authors analyse the free speech and Internet regulations in different legal cultures, including the United States, Europe, China and Russia. Second, they study fake news, extreme right speech and the implications of hate speech on pluralistic society. Third, they examine different case law addressing minority sensibilities, historical discriminations, offensive propaganda and other issues particularly concerning minorities and free speech. This book will be of interest to students and scholars interested in the topics of hate speech and minorities, democracy, misinformation and debates about the Internet, as well as political science researchers.

Author : Anu Bradford
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2020-01-27
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780190088606

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The Brussels Effect by Anu Bradford Pdf

For many observers, the European Union is mired in a deep crisis. Between sluggish growth; political turmoil following a decade of austerity politics; Brexit; and the rise of Asian influence, the EU is seen as a declining power on the world stage. Columbia Law professor Anu Bradford argues the opposite in her important new book The Brussels Effect: the EU remains an influential superpower that shapes the world in its image. By promulgating regulations that shape the international business environment, elevating standards worldwide, and leading to a notable Europeanization of many important aspects of global commerce, the EU has managed to shape policy in areas such as data privacy, consumer health and safety, environmental protection, antitrust, and online hate speech. And in contrast to how superpowers wield their global influence, the Brussels Effect - a phrase first coined by Bradford in 2012- absolves the EU from playing a direct role in imposing standards, as market forces alone are often sufficient as multinational companies voluntarily extend the EU rule to govern their global operations. The Brussels Effect shows how the EU has acquired such power, why multinational companies use EU standards as global standards, and why the EU's role as the world's regulator is likely to outlive its gradual economic decline, extending the EU's influence long into the future.

Author : Branco Di Fátima,Allen Munoriyarwa,Anne Gilliland,Aondover Eric Msughter,Arantxa Vizcaíno-Verdú,Ebru Gökaliler,Edson Capoano,Huizi Yu,İnanç Alikılıç,Juan-Manuel González-Aguilar,Lida Tsene,Lizhou Fan,Macarena Parejo-Cuéllar,Mine Gencel Bek,Muluken Asegidew Chekol,Mykola Makhortykh,Özlem Alikılıç,Patricia de-Casas-Moreno,Tiago Lapa,Vinicius Prates,Vítor de Sousa
Publisher : Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2023-05-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789978776643

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Hate Speech on Social Media: A Global Approach by Branco Di Fátima,Allen Munoriyarwa,Anne Gilliland,Aondover Eric Msughter,Arantxa Vizcaíno-Verdú,Ebru Gökaliler,Edson Capoano,Huizi Yu,İnanç Alikılıç,Juan-Manuel González-Aguilar,Lida Tsene,Lizhou Fan,Macarena Parejo-Cuéllar,Mine Gencel Bek,Muluken Asegidew Chekol,Mykola Makhortykh,Özlem Alikılıç,Patricia de-Casas-Moreno,Tiago Lapa,Vinicius Prates,Vítor de Sousa Pdf

This book explores the nature of hate speech on social media. Readers will find chapters written by 21 authors from 18 universities or research centers. It includes researchers from 11 countries, prioritizing a diversity of approaches from the Global North and Global South – Brazil, Cyprus, Ethiopia, Germany, Nigeria, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, and the USA. The analyses herein involve the realities in an even larger number of countries, given the transnational approach of some of these studies. One can find a preview of the chapters at the beginning of the book, with abstracts organized in a separate section. It is evident that the authors study the impact of recent events on hate speech – the Covid-19 pandemic, Russia- Ukraine war, the refugee crisis – and recurrent attacks on minority groups such as women, immigrants, or the LGBTQ+ community. The authors employ classic and digital research methods, using quantitative and qualitative data gathered from platforms like Telegram, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube. As a result, readers will encounter taxonomic proposals, new methodological approaches, theoretical frameworks, and mapping of behavioral patterns.

Author : Anne Weber,Council of Europe
Publisher : Council of Europe
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789287178770

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Manual on hate speech by Anne Weber,Council of Europe Pdf

The right to freedom of expression entails duties and responsibilities and is subject to certain limits, provided for in Article 10.2 of the European Convention on Human Rights, which are concerned, among other things, with protecting the rights of others. Identifying what constitutes "hate speech" is especially difficult because this type of speech does not necessarily involve the expression of hatred or feelings.On the basis of all the applicable texts on freedom of expression and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and other bodies, the author identifies certain parameters that make it possible to distinguish expressions which, although sometimes insulting, are fully protected by the right to freedom of expression from those which do not enjoy that protection.

Author : Nathaniel Persily,Joshua A. Tucker
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2020-09-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781108835558

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Social Media and Democracy by Nathaniel Persily,Joshua A. Tucker Pdf

A state-of-the-art account of what we know and do not know about the effects of digital technology on democracy.

Author : Yaman Akdeniz,Council of Europe
Publisher : Council of Europe
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 928716634X

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Racism on the Internet by Yaman Akdeniz,Council of Europe Pdf

Racism was a pressing social problem long before the emergence of the digital age. The advancement of digital communication technologies such as the Internet has, however, added a new dimension to this problem by providing individuals and organisations with modern and powerful means to propagate racism and xenophobia. The use of the Internet as an instrument For The widespread dissemination of racist content is assessed in detail by the author.The problem of racist content on the Internet has naturally prompted vigorous responses from a variety of agents, including governments, supranational and international organisations and from the private sector. This book also provides a detailed critical overview of these regulatory and non-regulatory initiatives.

Author : Victoria Guillén-Nieto
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2023-01-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110672763

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Hate Speech by Victoria Guillén-Nieto Pdf

Hate speech has been extensively studied by disciplines such as social psychology, sociology, history, politics and law. Some significant areas of study have been the origins of hate speech in past and modern societies around the world; the way hate speech paves the way for harmful social movements; the socially destructive force of propaganda; and the legal responses to hate speech. On reviewing the literature, one major weakness stands out: hate speech, a crime perpetrated primarily by malicious and damaging language use, has no significant study in the field of linguistics. Historically, pragmatic theories have tended to address language as cooperative action, geared to reciprocally informative polite understanding. As a result of this idealized view of language, negative types of discourse such as harassment, defamation, hate speech, etc. have been neglected as objects of linguistic study. Since they go against social, moral and legal norms, many linguists have wrongly depicted those acts of wrong communication as unusual, anomalous or deviant when they are, in fact, usual and common in modern societies all over the world. The book analyses the challenges legal practitioners and linguists must meet when dealing with hate speech, especially with the advent of new technologies and social networks, and takes a linguistic perspective by targeting the knowledge the linguist can provide that makes harassment actionable.

Author : Bychawska-Siniarska, Dominika
Publisher : Council of Europe
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2017-08-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Protecting the right to freedom of expression under the European Convention on Human Rights by Bychawska-Siniarska, Dominika Pdf

European Convention on Human Rights – Article 10 – Freedom of expression 1. Everyone has the right to freedom of expression. This right shall include freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of frontiers. This article shall not prevent States from requiring the licensing of broadcasting, television or cinema enterprises. 2. The exercise of these freedoms, since it carries with it duties and responsibilities, may be subject to such formalities, conditions, restrictions or penalties as are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society, in the interests of national security, territorial integrity or public safety, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals, for the protection of the reputation or rights of others, for preventing the disclosure of information received in confidence, or for maintaining the authority and impartiality of the judiciary. In the context of an effective democracy and respect for human rights mentioned in the Preamble to the European Convention on Human Rights, freedom of expression is not only important in its own right, but it also plays a central part in the protection of other rights under the Convention. Without a broad guarantee of the right to freedom of expression protected by independent and impartial courts, there is no free country, there is no democracy. This general proposition is undeniable. This handbook is a practical tool for legal professionals from Council of Europe member states who wish to strengthen their skills in applying the European Convention on Human Rights and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights in their daily work.

Author : Marta Pérez-Escolar,José Manuel Noguera-Vivo
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2021-09-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781000462883

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Hate Speech and Polarization in Participatory Society by Marta Pérez-Escolar,José Manuel Noguera-Vivo Pdf

This timely volume offers a comprehensive and rigorous overview of the role of communication in the construction of hate speech and polarization in the online and offline arena. Delving into the meanings, implications, contexts and effects of extreme speech and gated communities in the media landscape, the chapters analyse misleading metaphors and rhetoric via focused case studies to understand how we can overcome the risks and threats stemming from the past decade’s defining communicative phenomena. The book brings together an international team of experts, enabling a broad, multidisciplinary approach that examines hate speech, dislike, polarization and enclave deliberation as cross axes that influence offline and digital conversations. The diverse case studies herein offer insights into international news media, television drama and social media in a range of contexts, suggesting an academic frame of reference for examining this emerging phenomenon within the field of communication studies. Offering thoughtful and much-needed analysis, this collection will be of great interest to scholars and students working in communication studies, media studies, journalism, sociology, political science, political communication and cultural industries.

Author : European Union. Agency for Fundamental Rights
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Antisemitism
ISBN : 929239262X

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Discrimination and Hate Crime Against Jews in EU Member States by European Union. Agency for Fundamental Rights Pdf

Antisemitism casts a long shadow on Jewish people's chances to enjoy their legally guaranteed rights to human dignity, freedom of thought, conscience and religion, and non-discrimination. The daily insults, discrimination, harassment and even physical violence, with which Jewish people across the EU must contend, show few signs of abating, despite EU and EU Member States' best efforts. Nevertheless, little information exists on the extent and nature of antisemitic crimes to guide policy makers seeking to effectively fight these crimes. This FRA survey is the first-ever to collect comparable data on Jewish people's experiences and perceptions of antisemitism, hate-motivated crime and discrimination across a number of EU Member States, specifically in Belgium, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Its findings reveal a worrying level of discrimination, particularly in employment and education, a widespread fear of victimisation and heightening concern about antisemitism online. By shining light on crimes that all too often remain unreported and therefore invisible, this FRA report seeks to help put an end to them. -- EU Bookshop.

Author : Collectif
Publisher : Conseil de l'Europe
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 9789287178725

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Bookmarks - A manual for combating hate speech online through human rights education by Collectif Pdf

The work of the Council of Europe for democracy is strongly based on education: education in schools, and education as a lifelong learning process of practising democracy, such as in non-formal learning activities. Human rights education and education for democratic citizenship form an integral part of what we have to secure to make democracy sustainable. Hate speech is one of the most worrying forms of racism and discrimination prevailing across Europe and amplified by the Internet and social media. Hate speech online is the visible tip of the iceberg of intolerance and ethnocentrism. Young people are directly concerned as agents and victims of online abuse of human rights; Europe needs young people to care and look after human rights, the life insurance for democracy. Bookmarks is published to support the No Hate Speech Movement youth campaign of the Council of Europe for human rights online. Bookmarks is useful for educators wanting to address hate speech online from a human rights perspective, both inside and outside the formal education system. The manual is designed for working with learners aged 13 to 18 but the activities can be adapted to other age ranges.