Onsite Sodium Hypochlorite Generation Inactivation Of Pseudomonas In Raw Drinking Water

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Water Treatment and Pathogen Control

Author : LeChevallier M.W.,Kwok-Keung A.
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2004-09-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789241562553

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Water Treatment and Pathogen Control by LeChevallier M.W.,Kwok-Keung A. Pdf

Annotation This publication provides a critical analysis of the literature on removal and inactivation of pathogenic microbes in water to aid the water quality specialist and design engineer in making decisions regarding microbial water quality.

Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9241545038

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Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality by World Health Organization Pdf

This volume describes the methods used in the surveillance of drinking water quality in the light of the special problems of small-community supplies, particularly in developing countries, and outlines the strategies necessary to ensure that surveillance is effective.

Management of Legionella in Water Systems

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Life Sciences,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Management of Legionella in Water Systems
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2020-02-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309493857

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Management of Legionella in Water Systems by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Life Sciences,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Management of Legionella in Water Systems Pdf

Legionnaires' disease, a pneumonia caused by the Legionella bacterium, is the leading cause of reported waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. Legionella occur naturally in water from many different environmental sources, but grow rapidly in the warm, stagnant conditions that can be found in engineered water systems such as cooling towers, building plumbing, and hot tubs. Humans are primarily exposed to Legionella through inhalation of contaminated aerosols into the respiratory system. Legionnaires' disease can be fatal, with between 3 and 33 percent of Legionella infections leading to death, and studies show the incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States increased five-fold from 2000 to 2017. Management of Legionella in Water Systems reviews the state of science on Legionella contamination of water systems, specifically the ecology and diagnosis. This report explores the process of transmission via water systems, quantification, prevention and control, and policy and training issues that affect the incidence of Legionnaires' disease. It also analyzes existing knowledge gaps and recommends research priorities moving forward.

Microbial Growth in Drinking Water Supplies

Author : Dick van der Kooij,Paul W. J. J. van der Wielen,Diego Rosso,Andrew Shaw,Dietrich Borchardt,Ralf Ibisch,Dirk Apgar,Jay Witherspoon,Dominic M. di Toro,Paul R. Paquin,Don Mavinic,Fred Koch,Emmanuelle Guillot,Jean-Francois Loret,Erhard Hoffmann,Hallvard Ødegaard,Francesc Hernandez-Sancho,Maria Molinos-Senante
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781780400402

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Microbial Growth in Drinking Water Supplies by Dick van der Kooij,Paul W. J. J. van der Wielen,Diego Rosso,Andrew Shaw,Dietrich Borchardt,Ralf Ibisch,Dirk Apgar,Jay Witherspoon,Dominic M. di Toro,Paul R. Paquin,Don Mavinic,Fred Koch,Emmanuelle Guillot,Jean-Francois Loret,Erhard Hoffmann,Hallvard Ødegaard,Francesc Hernandez-Sancho,Maria Molinos-Senante Pdf

Maintaining the microbial quality in distribution systems and connected installations remains a challenge for the water supply companies all over the world, despite many years of research. This book identifies the main concerns and knowledge gaps related to regrowth and stimulates cooperation in future research. Microbial Growth in Drinking Water Supplies provides an overview of the regrowth issue in different countries and the water quality problems related to regrowth. The book assesses the causes of regrowth in drinking water and the prevention of regrowth by water treatment and distribution. Editors: Dirk van der Kooij and Paul W.J.J. van der Wielen, KWR Watercycle Research Institute, The Netherlands

Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems Using Surface Water Sources

Author : David J. Hiltebrand
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 672 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Drinking water
ISBN : PSU:000026396705

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Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems Using Surface Water Sources by David J. Hiltebrand Pdf

This manual suggests design operating and performance criteria for specific surface water quality conditions to provide the optimum protection from microbiological contaminants.

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 201

Author : David M. Whitacre
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2009-06-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781441900326

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Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 201 by David M. Whitacre Pdf

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology attempts to provide concise, critical reviews of timely advances, philosophy and significant areas of accomplished or needed endeavor in the total field of xenobiotics, in any segment of the environment, as well as toxicological implications.

Drinking Water Distribution Systems

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Public Water Supply Distribution Systems: Assessing and Reducing Risks
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2007-01-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309103060

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Drinking Water Distribution Systems by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Public Water Supply Distribution Systems: Assessing and Reducing Risks Pdf

Protecting and maintaining water distributions systems is crucial to ensuring high quality drinking water. Distribution systems-consisting of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, reservoirs, meters, fittings, and other hydraulic appurtenances-carry drinking water from a centralized treatment plant or well supplies to consumers' taps. Spanning almost 1 million miles in the United States, distribution systems represent the vast majority of physical infrastructure for water supplies, and thus constitute the primary management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. Recent data on waterborne disease outbreaks suggest that distribution systems remain a source of contamination that has yet to be fully addressed. This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events in distribution systems. Particular attention is given to backflow events via cross connections, the potential for contamination of the distribution system during construction and repair activities, maintenance of storage facilities, and the role of premise plumbing in public health risk. The report also identifies advances in detection, monitoring and modeling, analytical methods, and research and development opportunities that will enable the water supply industry to further reduce risks associated with drinking water distribution systems.

Microbial Decontamination in the Food Industry

Author : Ali Demirci,Michael O Ngadi
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 841 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2012-06-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780857095756

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Microbial Decontamination in the Food Industry by Ali Demirci,Michael O Ngadi Pdf

The problem of creating microbiologically-safe food with an acceptable shelf-life and quality for the consumer is a constant challenge for the food industry. Microbial decontamination in the food industry provides a comprehensive guide to the decontamination problems faced by the industry, and the current and emerging methods being used to solve them.Part one deals with various food commodities such as fresh produce, meats, seafood, nuts, juices and dairy products, and provides background on contamination routes and outbreaks as well as proposed processing methods for each commodity. Part two goes on to review current and emerging non-chemical and non-thermal decontamination methods such as high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric fields, irradiation, power ultrasound and non-thermal plasma. Thermal methods such as microwave, radio-frequency and infrared heating and food surface pasteurization are also explored in detail. Chemical decontamination methods with ozone, chlorine dioxide, electrolyzed oxidizing water, organic acids and dense phase CO2 are discussed in part three. Finally, part four focuses on current and emerging packaging technologies and post-packaging decontamination.With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Microbial decontamination in the food industry is an indispensable guide for all food industry professionals involved in the design or use of novel food decontamination techniques, as well as any academics researching or teaching this important subject. Provides a comprehensive guide to the decontamination problems faced by the industry and outlines the current and emerging methods being used to solve them Details backgrounds on contamination routes and outbreaks, as well as proposed processing methods for various commodities including fresh produce, meats, seafood, nuts, juices and dairy products Sections focus on emerging non-chemical and non-thermal decontamination methods, current thermal methods, chemical decontamination methods and current and emerging packaging technologies and post-packaging decontamination

Safe Management of Wastes from Health-care Activities

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 327 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789241548564

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Safe Management of Wastes from Health-care Activities by World Health Organization Pdf

This is the second edition of the WHO handbook on the safe, sustainable and affordable management of health-care waste--commonly known as "the Blue Book". The original Blue Book was a comprehensive publication used widely in health-care centers and government agencies to assist in the adoption of national guidance. It also provided support to committed medical directors and managers to make improvements and presented practical information on waste-management techniques for medical staff and waste workers. It has been more than ten years since the first edition of the Blue Book. During the intervening period, the requirements on generators of health-care wastes have evolved and new methods have become available. Consequently, WHO recognized that it was an appropriate time to update the original text. The purpose of the second edition is to expand and update the practical information in the original Blue Book. The new Blue Book is designed to continue to be a source of impartial health-care information and guidance on safe waste-management practices. The editors' intention has been to keep the best of the original publication and supplement it with the latest relevant information. The audience for the Blue Book has expanded. Initially, the publication was intended for those directly involved in the creation and handling of health-care wastes: medical staff, health-care facility directors, ancillary health workers, infection-control officers and waste workers. This is no longer the situation. A wider range of people and organizations now have an active interest in the safe management of health-care wastes: regulators, policy-makers, development organizations, voluntary groups, environmental bodies, environmental health practitioners, advisers, researchers and students. They should also find the new Blue Book of benefit to their activities. Chapters 2 and 3 explain the various types of waste produced from health-care facilities, their typical characteristics and the hazards these wastes pose to patients, staff and the general environment. Chapters 4 and 5 introduce the guiding regulatory principles for developing local or national approaches to tackling health-care waste management and transposing these into practical plans for regions and individual health-care facilities. Specific methods and technologies are described for waste minimization, segregation and treatment of health-care wastes in Chapters 6, 7 and 8. These chapters introduce the basic features of each technology and the operational and environmental characteristics required to be achieved, followed by information on the potential advantages and disadvantages of each system. To reflect concerns about the difficulties of handling health-care wastewaters, Chapter 9 is an expanded chapter with new guidance on the various sources of wastewater and wastewater treatment options for places not connected to central sewerage systems. Further chapters address issues on economics (Chapter 10), occupational safety (Chapter 11), hygiene and infection control (Chapter 12), and staff training and public awareness (Chapter 13). A wider range of information has been incorporated into this edition of the Blue Book, with the addition of two new chapters on health-care waste management in emergencies (Chapter 14) and an overview of the emerging issues of pandemics, drug-resistant pathogens, climate change and technology advances in medical techniques that will have to be accommodated by health-care waste systems in the future (Chapter 15).

The Structure and Function of Aquatic Microbial Communities

Author : Christon J. Hurst
Publisher : Springer
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2019-05-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030167752

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The Structure and Function of Aquatic Microbial Communities by Christon J. Hurst Pdf

This book discusses how aquatic microbial communities develop interactive metabolic coordination both within and between species to optimize their energetics. It explains that microbial community structuration often includes functional stratification among a multitude of organisms that variously exist either suspended in the water, lodged in sediments, or bound to one another as biofilms on solid surfaces. The authors describe techniques that can be used for preparing and distributing microbiologically safe drinking water, which presents the challenge of successfully removing the pathogenic members of the aquatic microbial community and then safely delivering that water to consumers. Drinking water distribution systems have their own microbial ecology, which we must both understand and control in order to maintain the safety of the water supply. Since studying aquatic microorganisms often entails identifying them, the book also discusses techniques for successfully isolating and cultivating bacteria. As such, it appeals to microbiologists, microbial ecologists and water quality scientists.

White's Handbook of Chlorination and Alternative Disinfectants

Author : Black & Veatch Corporation
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1109 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2011-09-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118210550

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White's Handbook of Chlorination and Alternative Disinfectants by Black & Veatch Corporation Pdf

New edition covers the latest practices, regulations, and alternative disinfectants Since the publication of the Fourth Edition of White's Handbook of Chlorination and Alternative Disinfectants more than ten years ago, the water industry has made substantial advances in their understanding and application of chlorine, hypochlorite, and alternative disinfectants for water and wastewater treatment. This Fifth Edition, with its extensive updates and revisions, reflects the current state of the science as well as the latest practices. Balancing theory with practice, the Fifth Edition covers such important topics as: Advances in the use of UV and ozone as disinfectants Alternative disinfectants such as chlorine dioxide, iodine, and bromine-related products Advanced oxidation processes for drinking water and wastewater treatment New developments and information for the production and handling of chlorine Latest regulations governing the use of different disinfectants For each disinfectant, the book explains its chemistry, effectiveness, dosing, equipment, and system design requirements. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of each disinfectant are clearly set forth. References at the end of each chapter guide readers to the primary literature for further investigation. Authored and reviewed by leading experts in the field of water and wastewater treatment, this Fifth Edition remains an ideal reference for utilities, regulators, engineers, and plant operators who need current information on the disinfection of potable water, wastewater, industrial water, and swimming pools.

Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment

Author : Simon Parsons
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2004-03-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781843390176

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Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment by Simon Parsons Pdf

The suitability of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) for pollutant degradation was recognised in the early 1970s and much research and development work has been undertaken to commercialise some of these processes. AOPs have shown great potential in treating pollutants at both low and high concentrations and have found applications as diverse as ground water treatment, municipal wastewater sludge destruction and VOCs control. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment is an overview of the advanced oxidation processes currently used or proposed for the remediation of water, wastewater, odours and sludge. The book contains two opening chapters which present introductions to advanced oxidation processes and a background to UV photolysis, seven chapters focusing on individual advanced oxidation processes and, finally, three chapters concentrating on selected applications of advanced oxidation processes. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment will be invaluable to readers interested in water and wastewater treatment processes, including professionals and suppliers, as well as students and academics studying in this area. Dr Simon Parsons is a Senior Lecturer in Water Sciences at Cranfield University with ten years' experience of industrial and academic research and development.