Operational Procedures Describing Physical Systems
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Operational Procedures Describing Physical Systems by Marciel Agop,Ioan Merches Pdf
The authors examine topics in modern physics and offer a unitary and original treatment of the fundamental problems of the dynamics of physical systems, as well as a description of the nuclear matter within a framework of general relativity. They show that some physical phenomena studied at two different resolution scales (e.g. microscale, cosmological scale), apparently with no connection between them, become compatible by means of the operational procedures, acting either as some ”hidden” symmetries, or harmonic-type mappings. The book is addressed to the students, researchers and university/high school teachers working in the fields of mathematics, physics, and chemistry.
Topics In Nanoscience (In 2 Parts) by Wolfram Schommers Pdf
With the development of the scanning tunneling microscope, nanoscience became an important discipline. Single atoms could be manipulated in a controlled manner, and it became possible to change matter at its 'ultimate' level; it is the level on which the properties of matter emerge. This possibility enables to construct and to produce devices, materials, etc. with very small sizes and completely new properties. That opens up new perspectives for technology and is in particular relevant in connection with nano-engineering.Nanosystems are unimaginably small and very fast. No doubt, this is an important characteristic. But there is another feature, possibly more relevant, in connection with nanoscience and nanotechnology. The essential point here is that we work at the 'ultimate level'. This is the smallest level at which the properties of our world emerge, at which functional matter can exist. In particular, at this level biological individuality comes into existence. This situation can be expressed in absolute terms: This is not only the strongest material ever made, this is the strongest material it will ever be possible to make (D Ratner and M Ratner, Nanotechnology and Homeland Security). This is a very general statement. All aspects of matter are concerned here. Through the variation of the composition various forms of matter emerge with different items.Nanosystems are usually small, but they offer nevertheless the possibility to vary the structure of atomic (molecular) ensembles, creating a diversity of new material-specific properties. A large variety of experimental possibilities come into play and flexible theoretical tools are needed at the basic level. This is reflected in the different disciplines: In nanoscience and nanotechnology we have various directions: Materials science, functional nanomaterials, nanoparticles, food chemistry, medicine with brain research, quantum and molecular computing, bioinformatics, magnetic nanostructures, nano-optics, nano-electronics, etc.The properties of matter, which are involved within these nanodisciplines, are ultimate in character, i.e., their characteristic properties come into existence at this level. The book is organized in this respect.
Topics In Nanoscience - Part Ii: Quantized Structures, Nanoelectronics, Thin Films Nanosystems: Typical Results And Future by Wolfram Schommers Pdf
With the development of the scanning tunneling microscope, nanoscience became an important discipline. Single atoms could be manipulated in a controlled manner, and it became possible to change matter at its 'ultimate' level; it is the level on which the properties of matter emerge. This possibility enables to construct and to produce devices, materials, etc. with very small sizes and completely new properties. That opens up new perspectives for technology and is in particular relevant in connection with nano-engineering.Nanosystems are unimaginably small and very fast. No doubt, this is an important characteristic. But there is another feature, possibly more relevant, in connection with nanoscience and nanotechnology. The essential point here is that we work at the 'ultimate level'. This is the smallest level at which the properties of our world emerge, at which functional matter can exist. In particular, at this level biological individuality comes into existence. This situation can be expressed in absolute terms: This is not only the strongest material ever made, this is the strongest material it will ever be possible to make (D Ratner and M Ratner, Nanotechnology and Homeland Security). This is a very general statement. All aspects of matter are concerned here. Through the variation of the composition various forms of matter emerge with different items.Nanosystems are usually small, but they offer nevertheless the possibility to vary the structure of atomic (molecular) ensembles, creating a diversity of new material-specific properties. A large variety of experimental possibilities come into play and flexible theoretical tools are needed at the basic level. This is reflected in the different disciplines: In nanoscience and nanotechnology we have various directions: Materials science, functional nanomaterials, nanoparticles, food chemistry, medicine with brain research, quantum and molecular computing, bioinformatics, magnetic nanostructures, nano-optics, nano-electronics, etc.The properties of matter, which are involved within these nanodisciplines, are ultimate in character, i.e., their characteristic properties come into existence at this level. The book is organized in this respect.
Practical Applications of Laser Ablation by Dongfang Yang Pdf
Laser ablation refers to the phenomenon in which an intense laser beam irradiates the surface of a solid to induce instant local removal of atoms by a thermal or non-thermal mechanism. Through eight chapters of original research studies and literature reviews written by experts from the international scientific community, this book presents theoretical and experimental aspects of the laser ablation phenomenon for processing material including pulsed laser deposition of thin films, laser surface modification, laser machining and laser nanoparticle formation. It also includes a study of the dynamics of plasmas generated by laser ablation of multi-component materials and an overview of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) techniques for chemical analysis.
Advances in Epidemiological Modeling and Control of Viruses by Hemen Dutta,Khalid Hattaf Pdf
Advances in Epidemiological Modeling and Control of Viruses covers recent and advanced research works in the field of epidemiological modeling, with special emphasis on new strategies to control the occurrence and reoccurrence of viruses. The models included in this book can be used to study the dynamics of different viruses, searching for control measures, and epidemic models under various effects and environments. This book covers different models and methods of modeling, including data-driven approaches. The authors and editors are experienced researchers, and each chapter has been designed to provide readers with leading-edge information on topics discussed. Includes models to describe global and local dynamics of various viruses Provides readers with control strategies for occurrence and reoccurrence of viruses Includes epidemic models under various effects and environments Provides readers with a robust set of mathematical tools and techniques for epidemiological modeling
Advances in Laser Produced Plasmas Research by Maricel Agop,Viorel-Puiu Paun,Stefan Andrei IRIMICIUC Pdf
The world of laser matter interaction has known great and rapid advancements in the last few years, with a considerable increase in the number of both experimental and theoretical studies. The classical paradigm used to describe the dynamics of laser produced plasmas has been challenged by new peculiar phenomena observed experimentally, like plasma particles’ oscillations, plume splitting and self-structuring behavior during the expansion of the ejected particles. The use of multiple complementary techniques has become a requirement nowadays, as different aspects can be showcased by specific experimental approaches. To balance these non-linear effects and still remain tributary to the classical theoretical, views on laser produced plasma dynamics novel theoretical models that cover the two sides of the ablation plasma (differentiability and non-differentiability) still need to be developed. Plasma is a strongly nonlinear dynamic system, with many degrees of freedom and other symmetries, favorable for the development of ordered structures, instabilities and transitions (from ordered to chaotic states). In such contexts, we showcased research based on global and local symmetries, complexity and invariance. This special number highlighted exciting new phenomena related to laser produced plasma dynamics with the implementation of theoretical models, towards understanding the complex reality of laser matter interaction.
Building Performance Simulation for Design and Operation by Jan L.M. Hensen,Roberto Lamberts Pdf
When used appropriately, building performance simulation has the potential to reduce the environmental impact of the built environment, to improve indoor quality and productivity, as well as to facilitate future innovation and technological progress in construction. Since publication of the first edition of Building Performance Simulation for Design and Operation, the discussion has shifted from a focus on software features to a new agenda, which centres on the effectiveness of building performance simulation in building life cycle processes. This new edition provides a unique and comprehensive overview of building performance simulation for the complete building life cycle from conception to demolition, and from a single building to district level. It contains new chapters on building information modelling, occupant behaviour modelling, urban physics modelling, urban building energy modelling and renewable energy systems modelling. This new edition keeps the same chapter structure throughout including learning objectives, chapter summaries and assignments. Moreover, the book: • Provides unique insights into the techniques of building performance modelling and simulation and their application to performance-based design and operation of buildings and the systems which service them. • Provides readers with the essential concepts of computational support of performance-based design and operation. • Provides examples of how to use building simulation techniques for practical design, management and operation, their limitations and future direction. It is primarily intended for building and systems designers and operators, and postgraduate architectural, environmental or mechanical engineering students.
Progress in Relativity by Calin Gheorghe Buzea,Maricel Agop,Leo Butler Pdf
This volume deals with extensions of special relativity, general relativity, and their applications in relation to intragalactic and extragalactic dynamics. The book comprises chapters authored by various researchers and edited by an expert active in the relativity research area. It provides a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors on relativity, opening new possible research paths for further novel developments.
Immunomodulators and Human Health by Rajesh K. Kesharwani,Raj K. Keservani,Anil K. Sharma Pdf
This book focuses on a broad range of immunomodulators, including both natural and synthetic ones. It highlights their role in human health. The book discusses nanotechnology-based immunomodulators with special emphasis on different types of formulation to boost the immune system. It highlights the role of immunomodulators against different microbes. This book describes important topics such as Classification and uses of various immunomodulators; Potential role of herbs and spices on immune system; Immune booster activity of prebiotics; Recent advances of nutraceutical and functional foods in Immune health; Antioxidants and immunomodulation; Nanotechnology and immunomodulators in cancer; Immunomodulatory role for the treatment and management of tuberculosis; Immunomodulation in autoimmune disorders; Herbal immunomodulators and COVID-19; Role of Cytokines as Immunomodulators and Immunomodulatory effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals. This book covers various aspects of product innovation, development, and launching of nutritional and pharmaceutical products with reference to immunomodulators. This book is meant for researchers and students in the field of immunology and pharmaceutical sciences.
Applications and Innovations in Intelligent Systems VIII by British Computer Society. Specialist Group on Expert Systems. International Conference,Ann Macintosh,Michael Moulton,Frans Coenen Pdf
The papers in this volume are the Applications papers presented at ES 2000, the Twentieth SGES International Conference on Knowledge Based Systems and Applied Artificial Intelligence, held in Cambridge in December 2000. The scope of the Application papers has expanded over recent years to cover not just innovative applications using traditional knowledge based systems, but also to include applications demonstrating the whole range of AI technologies. These papers continue to illustrate the maturity of AI as a commercially viable technology to solve real world problems. This is the eighth volume in the Applications and Innovations in Intelligent Systems series. The series serves as a key reference as to how AI technology has enabled organisations to solve complex problems and gain significant business benefits. The Technical Stream papers from ES 200 are published as a companion volume under the title Research and Development in Intelligent Systems XVII.
Cyber-Physical Systems: Advances in Design & Modelling by Alla G. Kravets,Alexander A. Bolshakov,Maxim V. Shcherbakov Pdf
This book presents new findings on cyber-physical systems design and modelling approaches based on AI and data-driven techniques, identifying the key industrial challenges and the main features of design and modelling processes. To enhance the efficiency of the design process, it proposes new approaches based on the concept of digital twins. Further, it substantiates the scientific, practical, and methodological approaches to modelling and simulating of cyber-physical systems. Exploring digital twins of cyber-physical systems as well as of production systems, it proposes combining both mathematical models and data processing techniques as advanced methods for cyber-physical system design and modelling. Moreover, it presents the implementation of the developed prototypes, including testing in real industries, which have collected and analyzed big data and proved their effectiveness. The book is intended for practitioners, enterprise representatives, scientists, and Ph.D. and master’s students interested in the research and applications of cyber-physical systems in different domains.
Towards the E-Society by Beat Schmid,Katarina Stanoevska,Volker Tschammer Pdf
I3E 2001 is the first in a series of conferences on e-commerce, e-business, and- government organised by the three IFIP committees TC6, TC8, and TC11. It provides a forum, where users, engineers, and scientists from academia, industry, and government can present their latest findings in e-commerce, e-business, and- government applications and the underlying technology to support those applications. The conference comprises a main track and mini tracks dedicated to special topics. The papers presented in the main track were rigorously refereed and selected by the International Programme Committee of the conference. Thematically they were grouped in the following sessions: – Sessions on security and trust, comprising nine papers referring to both trust and security in general as well as presenting specific concepts for enhancing trust in the digital society. – Session on inter-organisational transactions, covering papers related to auditing of inter-organizational trade procedures, cross-organizational workflow and transactions in Business to Business platforms. – Session on virtual enterprises, encompassing papers describing innovative approaches for creating virtual enterprises as well as describing examples of virtual enterprises in specific industries. – Session on online communities containing three papers, which provide case studies of specific online communities and various concepts on how companies can build and harness the potential of online communities. – Sessions on strategies and business models with papers describing specific business models as well as general overviews of specific approaches for E- Strategy formulation.
Readings in Qualitative Reasoning About Physical Systems by Daniel S. Weld,Johan De Kleer Pdf
Readings in Qualitative Reasoning about Physical Systems describes the automated reasoning about the physical world using qualitative representations. This text is divided into nine chapters, each focusing on some aspect of qualitative physics. The first chapter deal with qualitative physics, which is concerned with representing and reasoning about the physical world. The goal of qualitative physics is to capture both the commonsense knowledge of the person on the street and the tacit knowledge underlying the quantitative knowledge used by engineers and scientists. The succeeding chapter discusses the qualitative calculus and its role in constructing an envisionment that includes behavior over both mythical time and elapsed time. These topics are followed by reviews of the mathematical aspects of qualitative reasoning, history-based simulation and temporal reasoning, as well as the intelligence in scientific computing. The final chapters are devoted to automated modeling for qualitative reasoning and causal explanations of behavior. These chapters also examine the qualitative kinematics of reasoning about shape and space. This book will prove useful to psychologists and psychiatrists.
Foundations of Intelligent Systems by Zbigniew W. Ras,Maciek Michalewicz Pdf
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent Systems, ISMIS '96, held in Zakopane, Poland, in June 1996. The 53 revised full papers presented were selected from a total of 124 submissions; also included are 10 invited papers by leading experts surveying the state of the art in the area. The volume covers the following areas: approximate reasoning, evolutionary computation, intelligent information systems, knowledge representation and integration, learning and knowledge discovery, and AI logics.
Operational Quantum Physics by Paul Busch,Marian Grabowski,Pekka J. Lahti Pdf
Operational Quantum Physics offers a systematic presentation of quantum mechanics which makes exhaustive use of the full probabilistic structure of this theory. Accordingly the notion of an observable as a positive operator valued (POV) measure is explained in great detail, and the ensuing quantum measurement theory is developed and applied both to a resolution of long-standing conceptual and interpretational puzzles in the foundations of quantum mechanics, and to an analysis of various recent fundamental experiments. The book, or different parts of it, may be of interest to advanced students or researchers in quantum physics, to philosophers of physics, and to mathematicians working in operator valued measures.