Optical Effects Associated With Small Particles

Author : R K Chang,P W Barber
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1988-03-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814571296

Get Book

Optical Effects Associated with Small Particles by R K Chang,P W Barber Pdf

This volume is a collection of review articles by scientists who have pioneered many of the recent advances in studies of the optical effects of small particles. The book begins with a review of the multitude of sharp dielectric resonances which exist in all optical spectra as a result of particle size and shape. Latest advances in absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy of a single particle and/or an ensemble of particles are also discussed, as well as advances in the energy transfer mechanisms for molecules embedded in the particle. The effects of laser-induced heating on a single particle are reviewed in terms of the hydrodynamics and thermodynamics of the liquid droplet and its ambient gas surrounding. The limits of applying bulk optical constants to small particles which lie between the bulk substance and the quantum-sized substance are also presented. Contents:Morphology-Dependent Resonances (S Hill & R Benner)Spectroscopy of Single Levitated Micron Sized Particles (S Arnold)Absorption and Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Aerosols (A Campillo & Horn-Bond Lin)Laser-Induced Droplet Heating (R Armstrong)The Applicability of Bulk Optical Constants to Small Particles (D Huffman) Readership: Optical physicists, applied physicists, chemists, mechanical and chemical engineers. Review: “This volume provides a timely and well-written account of a number of topics subsumed under the title.” Milton Kerker Journal of Colloid and Interface Science (USA), 1989 “This is a most interesting and useful review of new departures in light scattering research with potentially important applications … clearly written covering the essential basics as well as current developments…” A R Jones Journal of Modern Optics, 1989

Author : Craig F. Bohren,Donald R. Huffman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2008-09-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527618163

Get Book

Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles by Craig F. Bohren,Donald R. Huffman Pdf

Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles Treating absorption and scattering in equal measure, this self-contained, interdisciplinary study examines and illustrates how small particles absorb and scatter light. The authors emphasize that any discussion of the optical behavior of small particles is inseparable from a full understanding of the optical behavior of the parent material-bulk matter. To divorce one concept from the other is to render any study on scattering theory seriously incomplete. Special features and important topics covered in this book include: * Classical theories of optical properties based on idealized models * Measurements for three representative materials: magnesium oxide, aluminum, and water * An extensive discussion of electromagnetic theory * Numerous exact and approximate solutions to various scattering problems * Examples and applications from physics, astrophysics, atmospheric physics, and biophysics * Some 500 references emphasizing work done since Kerker's 1969 work on scattering theory * Computer programs for calculating scattering by spheres, coated spheres, and infinite cylinders

Author : Uwe Kreibig,Michael Vollmer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662091098

Get Book

Optical Properties of Metal Clusters by Uwe Kreibig,Michael Vollmer Pdf

Optical Properties of Metal Clusters deals with the electronic structure of metal clusters determined optically. Clusters - as state intermediate between molecules and the extended solid - are important in many areas, e.g. in air pollution, interstellar matter, clay minerals, photography, heterogeneous catalysis, quantum dots, and virus crystals. This book extends the approaches of optical molecular and solid-state methods to clusters, revealing how their optical properties evolve as a function of size. Cluster matter, i.e. extended systems of many clusters - the most frequently occuring form - is also treated. The combination of reviews of experimental techniques, lists of results and detailed descriptions of selected experiments will appeal to experts, newcomers and graduate students in this expanding field.

Author : Michael I. Mishchenko
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521519922

Get Book

Electromagnetic Scattering by Particles and Particle Groups by Michael I. Mishchenko Pdf

A self-contained, accessible introduction to the basic concepts, formalism and recent advances in electromagnetic scattering, for researchers and graduate students.

Author : Michael I. Mishchenko,Larry D. Travis,Andrew A. Lacis
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 562 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2002-06-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 052178252X

Get Book

Scattering, Absorption, and Emission of Light by Small Particles by Michael I. Mishchenko,Larry D. Travis,Andrew A. Lacis Pdf

A thorough and up-to-date treatment of electromagnetic scattering by small particles.

Author : Arthur Ashkin
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 940 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2006-12-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814494342

Get Book

Optical Trapping and Manipulation of Neutral Particles Using Lasers by Arthur Ashkin Pdf

This important volume contains selected papers and extensive commentaries on laser trapping and manipulation of neutral particles using radiation pressure forces. Such techniques apply to a variety of small particles, such as atoms, molecules, macroscopic dielectric particles, living cells, and organelles within cells. These optical methods have had a revolutionary impact on the fields of atomic and molecular physics, biophysics, and many aspects of nanotechnology. In atomic physics, the trapping and cooling of atoms down to nanokelvins and even picokelvin temperatures are possible. These are the lowest temperatures in the universe. This made possible the first demonstration of Bose–Einstein condensation of atomic and molecular vapors. Some of the applications are high precision atomic clocks, gyroscopes, the measurement of gravity, cryptology, atomic computers, cavity quantum electrodynamics and coherent atom lasers. A major application in biophysics is the study of the mechanical properties of the many types of motor molecules, mechanoenzymes, and other macromolecules responsible for the motion of organelles within cells and the locomotion of entire cells. Unique in vitro and in vivo assays study the driving forces, stepping motion, kinetics, and efficiency of these motors as they move along the cell's cytoskeleton. Positional and temporal resolutions have been achieved, making possible the study of RNA and DNA polymerases, as they undergo their various copying, backtracking, and error correcting functions on a single base pair basis. Many applications in nanotechnology involve particle and cell sorting, particle rotation, microfabrication of simple machines, microfluidics, and other micrometer devices. The number of applications continues to grow at a rapid rate. The author is the discoverer of optical trapping and optical tweezers. With his colleagues, he first demonstrated optical levitation, the trapping of atoms, and tweezer trapping and manipulation of living cells and biological particles. This is the only review volume covering the many fields of optical trapping and manipulation. The intention is to provide a selective guide to the literature and to teach how optical traps really work. Contents:Optical LevitationTrapping of Atoms and Biological Particles in the 1980–1990 DecadeUse of Optical Tweezers to Study Single Motor MoleculesOrigin of Tweezer Forces on Macroscopic Particles Using Highly Focused BeamsRotation of Particles by Radiation PressureMicrochemistryUses of Slow AtomsRole of All-Optical Traps and MOTs in Atomic PhysicsFeshbach ResonancesVortices and Frictionless Flow in Bose–Einstein CondensatesTrapped Fermi Gasesand other papers Readership: Researchers and students of atomic physics, molecular physics, biophysics and nanotechnology; historians of science. Keywords:

Author : Ali Serpenguzel,Andrew W. Poon
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814295772

Get Book

Optical Processes in Microparticles and Nanostructures by Ali Serpenguzel,Andrew W. Poon Pdf

This Festschrift is a tribute to the eminent scholar, Professor Richard Kounai Chang, on his retirement from Yale University on June 12, 2008. During his over four decades of scientific exploration, Professor Chang has made a lasting contribution to the development of linear and nonlinear optics and devices in confined geometries, of surface second-harmonic generation and surface-enhanced Raman scattering, and of novel methods for detecting airborne aerosol pathogens. This volume assembles a collection of articles contributed by former students, collaborators, and colleagues of Professor Chang all over the world. The topics span a diverse scope in applied optics frontiers, many of which are rooted in Professor Chang's pioneering research.

Author : T. Hakiogammalu,Alexander S. Shumovsky
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401587969

Get Book

Quantum Optics and the Spectroscopy of Solids by T. Hakiogammalu,Alexander S. Shumovsky Pdf

Remarkable recent progress in quantum optics has given rise to extremely precise quantum measurements that are used in the research into the fundamentals of quantum physics, and in different branches of physics such as optical spectroscopy. This progress stimulates new technologies in the field of optical communications, optical computation and information systems. This state-of-the-art volume presents work from a Summer School on Advances in Quantum Optics and Spectroscopy of Solids, held in Ankara, Turkey, in 1995. The various contributions written by leading scientists in the field cover a wide range of subjects in this exciting area of physics, and report new and important results and ideas. Topics dealt with include the interaction of quantum light with trapped atoms and condensed matter; quantum tomography and phase analysis; and many applications of quantum optics from mesoscopic physics to correlation spectroscopy of non-classical states, which are of major importance in understanding the nature of collective excitations in solids. Audience: This book will be of interest to postgraduate students and researchers whose work involves quantum optics, solid state spectroscopy and its applications.

Author : Anatoly V. Zayats,David Richards
Publisher : Artech House
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781596932845

Get Book

Nano-optics and Near-field Optical Microscopy by Anatoly V. Zayats,David Richards Pdf

"This groundbreaking book focuses on near-field microscopy which has opened up optical processes at the nanoscale for direct inspection. Further, it explores the emerging area of nano-optics which promises to make possible optical microscopy with true nanometer resolution. This frontline resource helps you achieve high resolution optical imaging of biological species and functional materials. You also find guidance in the imaging of optical device operation and new nanophotonics functionalities"--EBL.

Author : Kvetoslav R. Spurny
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 640 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-22
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781351466578

Get Book

Analytical Chemistry of Aerosols by Kvetoslav R. Spurny Pdf

Until the 1980s, researchers studied and measured only the physical properties of aerosols. Since the 80s, however, interest in the physicochemcal properties of aerosols has grown tremendously. Scientists in environmental hygiene, medicine, and toxicology have recognized the importance held by the chemical composition and properties of aerosols and the interactions of inhaled, "bad" aerosols. This book offers the first comprehensive treatment of modern aerosol analytical methods, sampling and separation procedures, and environmental applications, and offers critical reviews of the latest literature. This important field has developed rapidly in the last 15 years, but until now, no book effectively summarized or analyzed the existing research. Analytical Chemistry of Aerosols reviews procedures, techniques, and trends in the measurement and analysis of atmospheric aerosols. With contributions from acknowledged, international experts, the book discusses various methods of bulk analysis, single particle analysis, and the analysis of special aerosol systems, including fibrous and bacterial aerosols.

Author : Jin Zhang,Zhong-lin Wang,Jun Liu,Shaowei Chen,Gang-yu Liu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2006-04-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306479410

Get Book

Self-Assembled Nanostructures by Jin Zhang,Zhong-lin Wang,Jun Liu,Shaowei Chen,Gang-yu Liu Pdf

Nanostructures refer to materials that have relevant dimensions on the nanometer length scales and reside in the mesoscopic regime between isolated atoms and molecules in bulk matter. These materials have unique physical properties that are distinctly different from bulk materials. Self-Assembled Nanostructures provides systematic coverage of basic nanomaterials science including materials assembly and synthesis, characterization, and application. Suitable for both beginners and experts, it balances the chemistry aspects of nanomaterials with physical principles. It also highlights nanomaterial-based architectures including assembled or self-assembled systems. Filled with in-depth discussion of important applications of nano-architectures as well as potential applications ranging from physical to chemical and biological systems, Self-Assembled Nanostructures is the essential reference or text for scientists involved with nanostructures.

Author : M. Ducloy,Daniel Bloch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 407 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400916579

Get Book

Quantum Optics of Confined Systems by M. Ducloy,Daniel Bloch Pdf

In the last few years it was seen the emergence of various new quantum phenomena specifically related with electronic or optical confinement on a sub-wavelength-size. Fast developments simultaneously occurred in the field of Atomic Physics, notably through various regimes of Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics, and in Solid State Physics, with advances in Quantum Well technology and Nanooptoelectronics. Simultaneously, breakthroughs in Near-Field Optics provided new tools which should be widely applicable to these domains. However, the key concepts used to describe these new and partly related effects are often very different and specific of the Community involved in a given development. It has been the ambition of the Meeting held at "Centre de Physique des Houches" to give an opportunity to specialists of different Communities to deepen their understanding of advances more or less intimately related to their own field, while presenting the basic concepts of these different fields through pedagogical Introductions. The audience comprised advanced students, postdocs and senior scientists, with a balanced participation of Atomic Physicists and Solid State Physicists, and had a truly international character. The considerable efforts of the lecturers, in order to present exciting new results in a language accessible to the whole audience, were the essential ingredients to achieve successfully what was the main goal of this School.

Author : Subodh K. Sharma,David J. Sommerford
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2006-08-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540376644

Get Book

Light Scattering by Optically Soft Particles by Subodh K. Sharma,David J. Sommerford Pdf

This book deals with a particular class of approximation methods in the context of light scattering by small particles. Soft particles occur in ocean optics, biomedical optics, atmospheric optics and in many industrial applications. This class of approximations has been termed as eikonal or soft particle approximations. The study of these approximations is very important because soft particles occur abundantly in nature.

Author : Kenneth K. Kuo
Publisher : AIAA
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Combustion
ISBN : 1600864244

Get Book

Recent Advances in Spray Combustion by Kenneth K. Kuo Pdf

Author : E. James Davis,Gustav Schweiger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 834 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642561528

Get Book

The Airborne Microparticle by E. James Davis,Gustav Schweiger Pdf

It has been thirty years since one of the authors (EJD) began a collaboration with Professor Milton Kerker at Clarkson University in Potsdam, New York using light scattering methods to study aerosol processes. The development of a relatively short-lived commercial particle levitator based on a modification of the Millikan oil drop experiment attracted their attention and led the author to the study of single droplets and solid microparticles by levitation methods. The early work on measurements of droplet evaporation rates using light scattering techniques to determine the size slowly expanded and diversified as better instrumentation was developed, and faster computers made it possible to perform Mie theory light scattering calculations with ease. Several milestones can be identified in the progress of single microparticle studies. The first is the introduction of the electrodynamic balance, which provided more robust trapping of a particle. The electrodynamic levitator, which has played an important role in atomic and molecular ion spectroscopy, leading to the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989 shared by Wolfgang Paul of Bonn University and Hans Dehmelt of the University of Washington, was easily adapted to trap microparticles. Simultaneously, improvements in detectors for acquiring and storing light scattering data and theoretical and experimental studies of the interesting optical properties of microspheres, especially the work on morphology dependent resonances by Arthur Ashkin at the Bell Laboratories, Richard Chang, from Yale University, and Tony Campillo from the Naval Research Laboratories in Washington D. C.