Optics Of Charged Particles

Author : Hermann Wollnik
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2021-10-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128214664

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Optics of Charged Particles by Hermann Wollnik Pdf

Optics of Charged Particles, 2nd edition, describes how charged particles move in the fields of magnetic and electrostatic dipoles, quadrupoles, higher order multipoles, and field-free regions. Since the first edition, published over 30 years ago, new technologies have emerged and have been used for new ion optical instruments like, for instance, time-of-flight mass analyzers, which are described now. Fully updated and revised, this new edition provides ways to design mass separators, spectrographs, and spectrometers, which are the key tools in organic chemistry and for drug developments, in environmental trace analyses and for investigations in nuclear physics like the search for super heavy elements as well as molecules in space science. The book discusses individual particle trajectories as well as particle beams in space and in phase-space, and it provides guidelines for the design of particle optical instruments. For experienced researchers, working in the field, it highlights the latest developments in new ion optical instruments and provides guidelines and examples for the design of new instruments for the transport of beams of charged particles and the mass/charge or energy/charge analyses of ions. Furthermore, it provides background knowledge required to accurately understand and analyze results, when developing ion-optical instruments. By providing a comprehensive overview of the field of charged particle optics, this edition of the book supports all those working, directly or indirectly, with charged-particle research or the development of ion- and electron-analyzing instruments. Provides enhanced, clear descriptions, and derivations making complex aspects of the general motion of charged particles understandable as well as features of charged particle analyzing instruments Assists the reader in applying insights obtained from the principles of charged particle optics to the design of new transporting and mass- or energy-analyzing instruments for ions Discusses new applications and newly occurring issues, which have arisen since the first edition

Author : Helmut Liebl
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 131 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2008-01-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540719250

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Applied Charged Particle Optics by Helmut Liebl Pdf

Written by a pioneer in the field, this overview of charged particle optics provides a solid introduction to the subject area for all physicists wishing to design their own apparatus or better understand the instruments with which they work. It begins by introducing electrostatic lenses and fields used for acceleration, focusing and deflection of ions or electrons. Subsequent chapters give detailed descriptions of electrostatic deflection elements, uniform and non-uniform magnetic sector fields, image aberrations, and, finally, fringe field confinement.

Author : Jon Orloff
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 666 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2017-12-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420045550

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Handbook of Charged Particle Optics by Jon Orloff Pdf

With the growing proliferation of nanotechnologies, powerful imaging technologies are being developed to operate at the sub-nanometer scale. The newest edition of a bestseller, the Handbook of Charged Particle Optics, Second Edition provides essential background information for the design and operation of high resolution focused probe instruments. The book’s unique approach covers both the theoretical and practical knowledge of high resolution probe forming instruments. The second edition features new chapters on aberration correction and applications of gas phase field ionization sources. With the inclusion of additional references to past and present work in the field, this second edition offers perfectly calibrated coverage of the field’s cutting-edge technologies with added insight into how they work. Written by the leading research scientists, the second edition of the Handbook of Charged Particle Optics is a complete guide to understanding, designing, and using high resolution probe instrumentation.

Author : Timothy R. Groves
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2017-12-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781482229950

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Charged Particle Optics Theory by Timothy R. Groves Pdf

Charged Particle Optics Theory: An Introduction identifies the most important concepts of charged particle optics theory, and derives each mathematically from the first principles of physics. Assuming an advanced undergraduate-level understanding of calculus, this book follows a logical progression, with each concept building upon the preceding one. Beginning with a non-mathematical survey of the optical nature of a charged particle beam, the text: Discusses both geometrical and wave optics, as well as the correspondence between them Describes the two-body scattering problem, which is essential to the interaction of a fast charged particle with matter Introduces electron emission as a practical consequence of quantum mechanics Addresses the Fourier transform and the linear second-order differential equation Includes problems to amplify and fill in the theoretical details, with solutions presented separately Charged Particle Optics Theory: An Introduction makes an ideal textbook as well as a convenient reference on the theoretical origins of the optics of charged particle beams. It is intended to prepare the reader to understand the large body of published research in this mature field, with the end result translated immediately to practical application.

Author : Harald H. Rose
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540859154

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Geometrical Charged-Particle Optics by Harald H. Rose Pdf

This resource covering all theoretical aspects of modern geometrical charged-particle optics is aimed at anyone involved in the design of electron optical instruments and beam-guiding systems for charged particles.

Author : Albert Septier
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323148467

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Focusing of Charged Particles V2 by Albert Septier Pdf

Focusing of Charged Particles, Volume II presents the aspects of particle optics, including the electron, the ion optical domains, and the accelerator field. This book provides a detailed analysis of the principles of the laws of propagation of beams. Comprised of three parts encompassing three chapters, this volume starts with an overview of how a beam of charged particles traverses a region that is at a uniform, constant, electrostatic potential. This book then discusses the principle of charge repulsion effect by which the space charge of the beam modifies the potential in the region that it traverses. Other chapters examine the general design techniques and performances obtainable for electron guns applicable for use in initiating a beam for linear beam tubes that is given in a condensed form. The last chapter deals with the two stable charged particles that can be accelerated, namely, protons and electrons. This book is a valuable resource to physicists, accelerator experts, and experimenters in search of interactions in the detector target.

Author : Miklos Szilagyi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 550 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461309239

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Electron and Ion Optics by Miklos Szilagyi Pdf

The field of electron and ion optics is based on the analogy between geometrical light optics and the motion of charged particles in electromagnetic fields. The spectacular development of the electron microscope clearly shows the possibilities of image formation by charged particles of wavelength much shorter than that of visible light. As new applications such as particle accelerators, cathode ray tubes, mass and energy spectrometers, microwave tubes, scanning-type analytical instruments, heavy beam technologies, etc. emerged, the scope of particle beam optics has been exten ded to the formation of fine probes. The goal is to concentrate as many particles as possible in as small a volume as possible. Fabrication of microcircuits is a good example of the growing importance of this field. The current trend is towards increased circuit complexity and pattern density. Because of the diffraction limitation of processes using optical photons and the technological difficulties connected with x-ray processes, charged particle beams are becoming popular. With them it is possible to write directly on a wafer under computer control, without using a mask. Focused ion beams offer especially great possibilities in the submicron region. Therefore, electron and ion beam technologies will most probably playa very important role in the next twenty years or so.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 485 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1995-11-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080860176

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Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics: Charged Particles by Anonim Pdf

With this volume, Methods of Experimental Physics becomes Experimental Methods in the Physical Sciences, a name change which reflects the evolution of todays science. This volume is the first of three which will provide a comprehensive treatment of the key experimental methods of atomic, molecular, and optical physics; the three volumes as a set will form an excellent experimental handbook for the field. The wide availability of tunable lasers in the pastseveral years has revolutionized the field and lead to the introduction of many new experimental methods that are covered in these volumes. Traditional methods are also included to ensure that the volumes will be a complete reference source for the field.

Author : Ramaswamy Jagannathan,Sameen Ahmed Khan
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351868280

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Quantum Mechanics of Charged Particle Beam Optics: Understanding Devices from Electron Microscopes to Particle Accelerators by Ramaswamy Jagannathan,Sameen Ahmed Khan Pdf

Classical Charged Particle Beam Optics used in the design and operation of all present-day charged particle beam devices, from low energy electron microscopes to high energy particle accelerators, is entirely based on classical mechanics. A question of curiosity is: How is classical charged particle beam optics so successful in practice though the particles of the beam, like electrons, are quantum mechanical? Quantum Mechanics of Charged Particle Beam Optics answers this question with a comprehensive formulation of ‘Quantum Charged Particle Beam Optics’ applicable to any charged particle beam device.

Author : Harald Rose
Publisher : Springer
Page : 519 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013-02-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642321191

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Geometrical Charged-Particle Optics by Harald Rose Pdf

This second edition is an extended version of the first edition of Geometrical Charged-Particle Optics. The updated reference monograph is intended as a guide for researchers and graduate students who are seeking a comprehensive treatment of the design of instruments and beam-guiding systems of charged particles and their propagation in electromagnetic fields. Wave aspects are included in this edition for explaining electron holography, the Aharanov-Bohm effect and the resolution of electron microscopes limited by diffraction. Several methods for calculating the electromagnetic field are presented and procedures are outlined for calculating the properties of systems with arbitrarily curved axis. Detailed methods are presented for designing and optimizing special components such as aberration correctors, spectrometers, energy filters monochromators, ion traps, electron mirrors and cathode lenses. In particular, the optics of rotationally symmetric lenses, quadrupoles, and systems composed of these elements are discussed extensively. Beam properties such as emittance, brightness, transmissivity and the formation of caustics are outlined. Relativistic motion and spin precession of the electron are treated in a covariant way by introducing the Lorentz-invariant universal time and by extending Hamilton’s principle from three to four spatial dimensions where the laboratory time is considered as the fourth pseudo-spatial coordinate. Using this procedure and introducing the self action of the electron, its accompanying electromagnetic field and its radiation field are calculated for arbitrary motion. In addition, the Stern-Gerlach effect is revisited for atomic and free electrons.

Author : Michiko G. Minty,Frank Zimmermann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662085813

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Measurement and Control of Charged Particle Beams by Michiko G. Minty,Frank Zimmermann Pdf

From the reviews: "This book is a very welcome and valuable addition to the accelerator literature. As noted by the authors, there is relatively little material in the book specifically for low-energy machines, but industrial users may still find it useful to read." Cern Courier

Author : Fouad G. Major,Viorica N. Gheorghe,Günther Werth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2005-11-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540265764

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Charged Particle Traps by Fouad G. Major,Viorica N. Gheorghe,Günther Werth Pdf

Over the last quarter of this century, revolutionary advances have been made both in kind and in precision in the application of particle traps to the study of thephysics of charged particles, leading to intensi?ed interest in, and wide proliferation of, this topic. This book is intended as a timely addition to the literature, providing a systematic uni?ed treatment of the subject, from the point of view of the application of these devices to fundamental atomic and particle physics. Thetechniqueofusingelectromagnetic?eldstocon?neandisolateatomic particles in vacuo, rather than by material walls of a container, was initially conceivedbyW.Paulintheformofa3Dversionoftheoriginalrfquadrupole mass ?lter, for which he shared the 1989 Nobel Prize in physics [1], whereas H.G. Dehmelt who also shared the 1989 Nobel Prize [2] saw these devices (including the Penning trap) as a way of isolating electrons and ions, for the purposes of high resolution spectroscopy. These two broad areas of appli- tion have developed more or less independently, each attaining a remarkable degree of sophistication and generating widespread interest and experimental activity.

Author : David C. Carey
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Beam optics
ISBN : 3718603500

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The Optics of Charged Particle Beams by David C. Carey Pdf

Author : Ragnar Hellborg,Harry J Whitlow
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2019-03-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781643273563

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The Electrostatic Accelerator by Ragnar Hellborg,Harry J Whitlow Pdf

Electrostatic Accelerators have been at the forefront of modern technology since the development by Sir John Cockroft and Ernest Walton in 1932 of the first accelerator, which was the first to achieve nuclear transmutation and earned them the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1951. The applications of Cockroft and Walton's development have been far reaching, even into our kitchens where it is employed to generate the high voltage needed for the magnetron in microwave ovens. Other electrostatic accelerator related Nobel prize winning developments that have had a major socio-economic impact are; the electron microscope where the beams of electrons are produced by an electrostatic accelerator, X-rays and computer tomography (CT) scanners where the X-rays are produced using an electron accelerator and microelectronic technology where ion implantation is used to dope the semiconductor chips which form the basis of our computers, mobile phones and entertainment systems. Although the Electrostatic Accelerator field is over 90 years old, and only a handful of accelerators are used for their original purpose in nuclear physics, the field and the number of accelerators is growing more rapidly than ever. The objective of this book is to collect together the basic science and technology that underlies the Electrostatic Accelerator field so it can serve as a handbook, reference guide and textbook for accelerator engineers as well as students and researchers who work with Electrostatic Accelerators.

Author : Albert L. Septier
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Science
ISBN : UIUC:30112028738174

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Applied Charged Particle Optics by Albert L. Septier Pdf