Organelle Genetics

Author : Charles E. Bullerwell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2011-10-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642223808

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Organelle Genetics by Charles E. Bullerwell Pdf

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are eukaryotic organelles that evolved from bacterial ancestors and harbor their own genomes. The gene products of these genomes work in concert with those of the nuclear genome to ensure proper organelle metabolism and biogenesis. This book explores the forces that have shaped the evolution of organelle genomes and the expression of the genes encoded by them. Some striking examples of trends in organelle evolution explored here are the reduction in genome size and gene coding content observed in most lineages, the complete loss of organelle DNA in certain lineages, and the unusual modes of gene expression that have emerged, such as the extensive and essential mRNA editing that occurs in plant mitochondria and chloroplasts. This book places particular emphasis on the current techniques used to study the evolution of organelle genomes and gene expression.

Author : Víctor Quesada,Pedro Robles
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2021-09-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783036510002

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Organelle Genetics in Plants by Víctor Quesada,Pedro Robles Pdf

Chloroplasts in photosynthetic organisms and mitochondria in a vast majority of eukaryotes, contain part of the genetic material of a eukaryotic cell. The organisation and inheritance patterns of this organellar DNA are quite different to that of nuclear DNA. Present-day chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes contain only a few dozen genes. Nevertheless, these organelles harbor several thousand proteins, the vast majority of them encoded by the nucleus. As a result, the expression of nuclear and organelle genomes has to be very precisely coordinated.

Author : Charles E. Bullerwell
Publisher : Springer
Page : 482 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2011-11-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 3642223818

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Organelle Genetics by Charles E. Bullerwell Pdf

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are eukaryotic organelles that evolved from bacterial ancestors and harbor their own genomes. The gene products of these genomes work in concert with those of the nuclear genome to ensure proper organelle metabolism and biogenesis. This book explores the forces that have shaped the evolution of organelle genomes and the expression of the genes encoded by them. Some striking examples of trends in organelle evolution explored here are the reduction in genome size and gene coding content observed in most lineages, the complete loss of organelle DNA in certain lineages, and the unusual modes of gene expression that have emerged, such as the extensive and essential mRNA editing that occurs in plant mitochondria and chloroplasts. This book places particular emphasis on the current techniques used to study the evolution of organelle genomes and gene expression.

Author : Reinhold G. Herrmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 473 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783709191385

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Cell Organelles by Reinhold G. Herrmann Pdf

The compartmentation of genetic information is a fundamental feature of the eukaryotic cell. The metabolic capacity of a eukaryotic (plant) cell and the steps leading to it are overwhelmingly an endeavour of a joint genetic cooperation between nucleus/cytosol, plastids, and mitochondria. Alter ation of the genetic material in anyone of these compartments or exchange of organelles between species can seriously affect harmoniously balanced growth of an organism. Although the biological significance of this genetic design has been vividly evident since the discovery of non-Mendelian inheritance by Baur and Correns at the beginning of this century, and became indisputable in principle after Renner's work on interspecific nuclear/plastid hybrids (summarized in his classical article in 1934), studies on the genetics of organelles have long suffered from the lack of respectabil ity. Non-Mendelian inheritance was considered a research sideline~ifnot a freak~by most geneticists, which becomes evident when one consults common textbooks. For instance, these have usually impeccable accounts of photosynthetic and respiratory energy conversion in chloroplasts and mitochondria, of metabolism and global circulation of the biological key elements C, N, and S, as well as of the organization, maintenance, and function of nuclear genetic information. In contrast, the heredity and molecular biology of organelles are generally treated as an adjunct, and neither goes as far as to describe the impact of the integrated genetic system.

Author : Ruth Sager
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323151146

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Cytoplasmic Genes and Organelles by Ruth Sager Pdf

Cytoplasmic Genes and Organelles is about cytoplasmic genes: what they are and what they do. It applies the concepts and methods of cytoplasmic genetics to the problems of cell and molecular biology to which they can uniquely contribute. It shows geneticists the many attractive problems in this area awaiting their attention; cell biologists and biochemists the usefulness of cytoplasmic genetic analysis in their endeavors; and students the potential power of an integrated experimental approach using cytoplasmic genes together with the more conventional tools of biochemistry and electron microscopy in the investigation of organelle biogenesis. The book treats the following aspects of cytoplasmic genetic systems: (1) the properties of cytoplasmic DNA; (2) the genetic analysis of cytoplasmic systems; and (3) the functions of cytoplasmic genes in organelle biogenesis. The opening chapter summarizes the principal findings to provide readers with a bird's eye view of the subject. Subsequent chapters cover topics such as cytoplastmic DNAs; cytoplasmic genes in Chlamydomonas; mitochondrial genetics of yeast; cytoplasmic genes in higher plants; the role of mitochondrial genes in mitochondrial biogenesis; and cytoplasmic genes and cell heredity.

Author : Víctor Quesada,Pedro Robles
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 303651001X

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Organelle Genetics in Plants by Víctor Quesada,Pedro Robles Pdf

Chloroplasts in photosynthetic organisms and mitochondria in a vast majority of eukaryotes, contain part of the genetic material of a eukaryotic cell. The organisation and inheritance patterns of this organellar DNA are quite different to that of nuclear DNA. Present-day chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes contain only a few dozen genes. Nevertheless, these organelles harbor several thousand proteins, the vast majority of them encoded by the nucleus. As a result, the expression of nuclear and organelle genomes has to be very precisely coordinated. The selection of experimental and review papers of this book covers a wide range of topics related to chloroplasts and plant mitochondria research, illustrating recent advances and diverse insights into the field of organelle genetics in plants. These works represent some of the latest research on the genetics, genomics, and biotechnology of plant mitochondria and chloroplasts, and they are of significant broad interest for the community of plant scientists, especially for those working in the subjects related to organelle genetics.

Author : Nicholas W. Gillham
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 632 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015004398023

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Organelle Heredity by Nicholas W. Gillham Pdf

Author : Nicholas W. Gillham
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Science
ISBN : 0195082486

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Organelle Genes and Genomes by Nicholas W. Gillham Pdf

Here is an exhaustive exploration of all aspects of research on organelle genomes. This outstanding new volume reviews the properties of chloroplast and mitorchondrial genomes, describing in depth their structure, gene content, expression, evolution, and genetics. The book takes readers to the outer limits of contemporary research, showing how the study of genomes contributes to the solution of important problems in molecular biology. It covers a wide range of problems from the use of organelle DNA molecules in taxonomic and phylogenetic studies to molecular investigations of the mechanisms underlying RNA editing, intron splicing and mobility, protein import, and mitochondrial disease. This unique text is designed for an introductory course in organelle genetics at the graduate or advanced undergraduate level. It is of special interest to professionals in the fields of molecular and cell biology, genetics, and evolution.

Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Cytology
ISBN : 0815332181

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Molecular Biology of The Cell by Bruce Alberts Pdf

Author : Henry Daniell, Ph.D.,Christine D. Chase
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 671 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2007-11-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402031663

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Molecular Biology and Biotechnology of Plant Organelles by Henry Daniell, Ph.D.,Christine D. Chase Pdf

We have taught plant molecular biology and biotechnology at the undergraduate and graduate level for over 20 years. In the past few decades, the field of plant organelle molecular biology and biotechnology has made immense strides. From the green revolution to golden rice, plant organelles have revolutionized agriculture. Given the exponential growth in research, the problem of finding appropriate textbooks for courses in plant biotechnology and molecular biology has become a major challenge. After years of handing out photocopies of various journal articles and reviews scattered through out the print and electronic media, a serendipitous meeting occurred at the 2002 IATPC World Congress held in Orlando, Florida. After my talk and evaluating several posters presented by investigators from my laboratory, Dr. Jacco Flipsen, Publishing Manager of Kluwer Publishers asked me whether I would consider editing a book on Plant Organelles. I accepted this challenge, after months of deliberations, primarily because I was unsuccessful in finding a text book in this area for many years. I signed the contract with Kluwer in March 2003 with a promise to deliver a camera-ready textbook on July 1, 2004. Given the short deadline and the complexity of the task, I quickly realized this task would need a co-editor. Dr. Christine Chase was the first scientist who came to my mind because of her expertise in plant mitochondria, and she readily agreed to work with me on this book.

Author : Reinhold G Herrmann
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1992-10-16
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3709191394

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Cell Organelles by Reinhold G Herrmann Pdf

Author : Brent L. Nielsen,Niaz Ahmad
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783039366927

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Plant Organelle DNA Maintenance by Brent L. Nielsen,Niaz Ahmad Pdf

This book provides reviews and primary research articles that discuss the replication, repair, maintenance, and structures of plant organelle genomes. Rearrangements of these genomes are common and provide a way to distinguish closely related plant species. Some articles in the book discuss recent advances in identifying specific proteins and potential mechanisms involved in DNA replication, recombination, and repair in plant mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Author : Ralph Bock,Volker Knoop
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2012-06-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400729209

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Genomics of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria by Ralph Bock,Volker Knoop Pdf

The past decade has witnessed an explosion of our knowledge on the structure, coding capacity and evolution of the genomes of the two DNA-containing cell organelles in plants: chloroplasts (plastids) and mitochondria. Comparative genomics analyses have provided new insights into the origin of organelles by endosymbioses and uncovered an enormous evolutionary dynamics of organellar genomes. In addition, they have greatly helped to clarify phylogenetic relationships, especially in algae and early land plants with limited morphological and anatomical diversity. This book, written by leading experts, summarizes our current knowledge about plastid and mitochondrial genomes in all major groups of algae and land plants. It also includes chapters on endosymbioses, plastid and mitochondrial mutants, gene expression profiling and methods for organelle transformation. The book is designed for students and researchers in plant molecular biology, taxonomy, biotechnology and evolutionary biology.

Author : Robert P Hirt,David S. Horner
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 462 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2004-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780203508930

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Organelles, Genomes and Eukaryote Phylogeny by Robert P Hirt,David S. Horner Pdf

The recent revolution in molecular biology has spread through every field of biology including systematics and evolution. Researchers can now analyze the genomes of different species relatively quickly, and this is generating a great deal of data and theories about relationships between taxa as well as how they originated and diversified. Org

Author : Ronny C. Woodruff,James N. Thompson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 561 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401152105

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Mutation and Evolution by Ronny C. Woodruff,James N. Thompson Pdf

Although debated since the time of Darwin, the evolutionary role of mutation is still controversial. In over 40 chapters from leading authorities in mutation and evolutionary biology, this book takes a new look at both the theoretical and experimental measurement and significance of new mutation. Deleterious, nearly neutral, beneficial, and polygenic mutations are considered in their effects on fitness, life history traits, and the composition of the gene pool. Mutation is a phenomenon that draws attention from many different disciplines. Thus, the extensive reviews of the literature will be valuable both to established researchers and to those just beginning to study this field. Through up-to-date reviews, the authors provide an insightful overview of each topic and then share their newest ideas and explore controversial aspects of mutation and the evolutionary process. From topics like gonadal mosaicism and mutation clusters to adaptive mutagenesis, mutation in cell organelles, and the level and distribution of DNA molecular changes, the foundation is set for continuing the debate about the role of mutation, fitness, and adaptability. It is a debate that will have profound consequences for our understanding of evolution.