Ottoman Children And Youth During World War I

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Ottoman Children and Youth during World War I

Author : Nazan Maksudyan
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2019-04-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9780815654735

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Ottoman Children and Youth during World War I by Nazan Maksudyan Pdf

Described by historians as a "total war," World War I was the first conflict that required a comprehensive mobilization of all members of society, regardless of profession, age, or gender. Just as women became heads of households and joined the workforce in unprecedented numbers, children also became actively engaged in the war effort. Adding a new dimension to the historiography of World War I, Maksudyan explores the variegated experiences and involvement of Ottoman children and youth in the war. Rather than simply passive victims, children became essential participants as soldiers, wage earners, farmers, and artisans. They also contributed to the propaganda and mobilization effort as symbolic heroes and orphans of martyrs. Rebelling against their orphanage directors or trade masters, marching and singing proudly with their scouting companies, making long-distance journeys to receive vocational training or simply to find their families, they acquired new identities and discovered new forms of agency. Maksudyan focuses on four different groups of children: thousands of orphans in state orphanages (Darüleytam), apprentice boys who were sent to Germany, children and youth in urban centers who reproduced rivaling nationalist ideologies, and Armenian children who survived the genocide. With each group, the author sheds light on how the war dramatically impacted their lives and, in turn, how these self-empowered children, sometimes described as "precocious adults," actively shaped history.

War and Childhood in the Era of the Two World Wars

Author : Mischa Honeck,James Marten
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2019-02-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108478533

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War and Childhood in the Era of the Two World Wars by Mischa Honeck,James Marten Pdf

This innovative book reveals children's experiences and how they became victims and actors during the twentieth century's biggest conflicts.

Childhood in the Late Ottoman Empire and After

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2015-10-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004305809

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Childhood in the Late Ottoman Empire and After by Anonim Pdf

This volume explores the variety of ways in which childhood was experienced, lived and remembered in the late Ottoman Empire and its successor states. The period of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was a time of rapid change, and the history of childhood reflects the impact of new expectations, lived realities and national responsibilities on the youngest members of societies undergoing monumental change because of ideological, wartime and demographic shifts. Drawing on comparisons both within the Balkans, Turkey and the Arab lands and with Western Europe and beyond, the chapters investigate the many ways in which upheaval and change affected the youth. Particular attention is paid to changing conceptions of childhood, gender roles and newly dominant national imperatives. Contributors include: Elif Akşit, Laurence Brockliss, Nazan Çiçek, Alex Drace-Francis, Benjamin C. Fortna, Naoum Kaytchev, Duygu Köksal, Kathryn Libal, Nazan Maksudyan, Heidi Morrison, and Philipp Wirtz. This title, in its entirety, is available online in Open Access.

Ottoman Women during World War I

Author : Elif Mahir Metinsoy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2017-11-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107198906

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Ottoman Women during World War I by Elif Mahir Metinsoy Pdf

Using the newest sources, this book reveals the experience of Ottoman Muslim women during World War I.

Orphans and Destitute Children in the Late Ottoman Empire

Author : Nazan Maksudyan
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2014-12-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9780815652977

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Orphans and Destitute Children in the Late Ottoman Empire by Nazan Maksudyan Pdf

History books often weave tales of rising and falling empires, royal dynasties, and wars among powerful nations. Here, Maksudyan succeeds in making those who are farthest removed from power the lead actors in this history. Focusing on orphans and destitute youth of the late Ottoman Empire, the author gives voice to those children who have long been neglected. Their experiences and perspectives shed new light on many significant developments of the late Ottoman period, providing an alternative narrative that recognizes children as historical agents. Maksudyan takes the reader from the intimate world of infant foundlings to the larger international context of missionary orphanages, all while focusing on Ottoman modernization, urbanization, citizenship, and the maintenance of order and security. Drawing upon archival records, she explores the ways in which the treatment of orphans intersected with welfare, labor, and state building in the Empire. Throughout the book, Maksudyan does not lose sight of her lead actors, and the influence of the children is always present if we simply listen and notice carefully as Maksudyan so convincingly argues.

Bread from Stones

Author : Keith David Watenpaugh
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2015-05-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520279308

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Bread from Stones by Keith David Watenpaugh Pdf

Bread from Stones, a highly anticipated book from historian Keith David Watenpaugh, breaks new ground in analyzing the theory and practice of modern humanitarianism. Genocide and mass violence, human trafficking, and the forced displacement of millions in the early twentieth century Eastern Mediterranean form the background for this exploration of humanitarianismÕs role in the history of human rights. WatenpaughÕs unique and provocative examination of humanitarian thought and action from a non-Western perspective goes beyond canonical descriptions of relief work and development projects. Employing a wide range of source materialsÑliterary and artistic responses to violence, memoirs, and first-person accounts from victims, perpetrators, relief workers, and diplomatsÑWatenpaugh argues that the international answer to the inhumanity of World War I in the Middle East laid the foundation for modern humanitarianism and the specific ways humanitarian groups and international organizations help victims of war, care for trafficked children, and aid refugees.Ê Bread from Stones is required reading for those interested in humanitarianism and its ideological, institutional, and legal origins, as well as the evolution of the movement following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the advent of late colonialism in the Middle East.

A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire

Author : M. Şükrü Hanioğlu
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2010-03-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691146171

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A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire by M. Şükrü Hanioğlu Pdf

At the turn of the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire straddled three continents and encompassed extraordinary ethnic and cultural diversity among the millions of people living within its borders. This text provides a concise history of the late empire between 1789 and 1918, turbulent years marked by incredible social change.

A Land of Aching Hearts

Author : Leila Tarazi Fawaz
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2014-11-17
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780674735491

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A Land of Aching Hearts by Leila Tarazi Fawaz Pdf

A century after the Great War, the experiences of civilians and soldiers in the Middle East during those years have faded from memory. A Land of Aching Hearts traverses ethnic, class, and national borders to recover the personal stories of those who endured this cataclysmic event, and their profound sense of sacrifices made in vain.

The Last Ottoman Generation and the Making of the Modern Middle East

Author : Michael Provence
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2017-08-18
Category : History
ISBN : 9780521761178

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The Last Ottoman Generation and the Making of the Modern Middle East by Michael Provence Pdf

A study of the period of armed conflict following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in the Middle East.

Living in the Ottoman Realm

Author : Christine Isom-Verhaaren,Kent F. Schull
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780253019486

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Living in the Ottoman Realm by Christine Isom-Verhaaren,Kent F. Schull Pdf

Living in the Ottoman Realm brings the Ottoman Empire to life in all of its ethnic, religious, linguistic, and geographic diversity. The contributors explore the development and transformation of identity over the long span of the empire's existence. They offer engaging accounts of individuals, groups, and communities by drawing on a rich array of primary sources, some available in English translation for the first time. These materials are examined with new methodological approaches to gain a deeper understanding of what it meant to be Ottoman. Designed for use as a course text, each chapter includes study questions and suggestions for further reading.

The History of Childhood: A Very Short Introduction

Author : James Marten
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2018-08-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190681401

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The History of Childhood: A Very Short Introduction by James Marten Pdf

While children are a relatively unchanging fact of life, childhood is a constantly shifting concept. Throughout the millennia, the age at which a child becomes a youth and a youth becomes an adult has varied by gender, class, religion, ethnicity, place, and economic need. As author James Marten explores in this Very Short Introduction, so too have the realities of childhood, each life shaped by factors such as education, expectation, and conflict (or lack thereof). Indeed, ancient Roman children lived very differently than those born of today's Generation Z. Experiences of childhood have been shaped in classrooms and on factory floors, in family homes and orphanages, and on battlefields and in front of television sets. In addressing this diversity, The History of Childhood: A Very Short Introduction takes a global, expansive view of the features of childhood that have shaped childhood throughout history and continue to shape it now. From the rules of Confucian childrearing in twelfth-century China to the struggles of children living as slaves in the Americas or as cotton mill workers in Industrial Age Britain, Marten takes his inspiration from the idea that the lives of children reveal important and sometimes uncomfortable truths about civilization. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Christian Missions and Humanitarianism in The Middle East, 1850-1950

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2020-09-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004434530

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Christian Missions and Humanitarianism in The Middle East, 1850-1950 by Anonim Pdf

From the early phases of modern missions, Christian missionaries supported many humanitarian activities, mostly framed as subservient to the preaching of Christianity. This anthology contributes to a historically grounded understanding of the complex relationship between Christian missions and the roots of humanitarianism and its contemporary uses in a Middle Eastern context. Contributions focus on ideologies, rhetoric, and practices of missionaries and their apostolates towards humanitarianism, from the mid-19th century Middle East crises, examining different missionaries, their society’s worldview and their networks in various areas of the Middle East. In the early 20th century Christian missions increasingly paid more attention to organisation and bureaucratisation (‘rationalisation’), and media became more important to their work. The volume analyses how non-missionaries took over, to a certain extent, the aims and organisations of the missionaries as to humanitarianism. It seeks to discover and retrace such ‘entangled histories’ for the first time in an integral perspective. Contributors include: Beth Baron, Philippe Bourmaud, Seija Jalagin, Nazan Maksudyan, Michael Marten, Heleen (L.) Murre-van den Berg, Inger Marie Okkenhaug, Idir Ouahes, Maria Chiara Rioli, Karène Sanchez Summerer, Bertrand Taithe, and Chantal Verdeil

Presumed Criminal

Author : Carl Suddler
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2019-07-02
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781479850280

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Presumed Criminal by Carl Suddler Pdf

A startling examination of the deliberate criminalization of black youths from the 1930s to today A stark disparity exists between black and white youth experiences in the justice system today. Black youths are perceived to be older and less innocent than their white peers. When it comes to incarceration, race trumps class, and even as black youths articulate their own experiences with carceral authorities, many Americans remain surprised by the inequalities they continue to endure. In this revealing book, Carl Suddler brings to light a much longer history of the policies and strategies that tethered the lives of black youths to the justice system indefinitely. The criminalization of black youth is inseparable from its racialized origins. In the mid-twentieth century, the United States justice system began to focus on punishment, rather than rehabilitation. By the time the federal government began to address the issue of juvenile delinquency, the juvenile justice system shifted its priorities from saving delinquent youth to purely controlling crime, and black teens bore the brunt of the transition. In New York City, increased state surveillance of predominantly black communities compounded arrest rates during the post–World War II period, providing justification for tough-on-crime policies. Questionable police practices, like stop-and-frisk, combined with media sensationalism, cemented the belief that black youth were the primary cause for concern. Even before the War on Crime, the stakes were clear: race would continue to be the crucial determinant in American notions of crime and delinquency, and black youths condemned with a stigma of criminality would continue to confront the overwhelming power of the state.

Goodbye, Antoura

Author : Karnig Panian
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2015-04-08
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780804796347

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Goodbye, Antoura by Karnig Panian Pdf

“This searing account of a little boy wrenched from family and innocence” during the Armenian genocide “is a literary gem” (Financial Times). When World War I began, Karnig Panian was only five years old, living among his fellow Armenians in the Anatolian village of Gurin. Four years later, American aid workers found him at an orphanage in Antoura, Lebanon. He was among nearly a thousand Armenian and four hundred Kurdish children who had been abandoned by the Turkish administrators, left to survive at the orphanage without adult care. This memoir offers the extraordinary story of what he endured in those years—as his people were deported from their Armenian community, as his family died in a refugee camp in the deserts of Syria, as he survived hunger and mistreatment in the orphanage. The Antoura orphanage was another project of the Armenian genocide: Its administrators, some benign and some cruel, sought to transform the children into Turks by changing their Armenian names, forcing them to speak Turkish, and erasing their history. Panian’s memoir is a full-throated story of loss, resistance, and survival, but told without bitterness or sentimentality. His story shows us how even young children recognize injustice and can organize against it, how they can form a sense of identity that they will fight to maintain. He paints a painfully rich and detailed picture of the lives and agency of Armenian orphans during the darkest days of World War I. Ultimately, Karnig Panian survived the Armenian genocide and the deprivations that followed. Goodbye, Antoura assures us of how humanity, once denied, can be again reclaimed.

A World Undone

Author : G. J. Meyer
Publisher : Bantam
Page : 818 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2007-05-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780553382402

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A World Undone by G. J. Meyer Pdf

NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • Drawing on exhaustive research, this intimate account details how World War I reduced Europe’s mightiest empires to rubble, killed twenty million people, and cracked the foundations of our modern world “Thundering, magnificent . . . [A World Undone] is a book of true greatness that prompts moments of sheer joy and pleasure. . . . It will earn generations of admirers.”—The Washington Times On a summer day in 1914, a nineteen-year-old Serbian nationalist gunned down Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo. While the world slumbered, monumental forces were shaken. In less than a month, a combination of ambition, deceit, fear, jealousy, missed opportunities, and miscalculation sent Austro-Hungarian troops marching into Serbia, German troops streaming toward Paris, and a vast Russian army into war, with England as its ally. As crowds cheered their armies on, no one could guess what lay ahead in the First World War: four long years of slaughter, physical and moral exhaustion, and the near collapse of a civilization that until 1914 had dominated the globe. Praise for A World Undone “Meyer’s sketches of the British Cabinet, the Russian Empire, the aging Austro-Hungarian Empire . . . are lifelike and plausible. His account of the tragic folly of Gallipoli is masterful. . . . [A World Undone] has an instructive value that can scarcely be measured”—Los Angeles Times “An original and very readable account of one of the most significant and often misunderstood events of the last century.”—Steve Gillon, resident historian, The History Channel