Ottoman Children And Youth During World War I

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Ottoman Children and Youth during World War I

Author : Nazan Maksudyan
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2019-04-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9780815654735

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Ottoman Children and Youth during World War I by Nazan Maksudyan Pdf

Described by historians as a "total war," World War I was the first conflict that required a comprehensive mobilization of all members of society, regardless of profession, age, or gender. Just as women became heads of households and joined the workforce in unprecedented numbers, children also became actively engaged in the war effort. Adding a new dimension to the historiography of World War I, Maksudyan explores the variegated experiences and involvement of Ottoman children and youth in the war. Rather than simply passive victims, children became essential participants as soldiers, wage earners, farmers, and artisans. They also contributed to the propaganda and mobilization effort as symbolic heroes and orphans of martyrs. Rebelling against their orphanage directors or trade masters, marching and singing proudly with their scouting companies, making long-distance journeys to receive vocational training or simply to find their families, they acquired new identities and discovered new forms of agency. Maksudyan focuses on four different groups of children: thousands of orphans in state orphanages (Darüleytam), apprentice boys who were sent to Germany, children and youth in urban centers who reproduced rivaling nationalist ideologies, and Armenian children who survived the genocide. With each group, the author sheds light on how the war dramatically impacted their lives and, in turn, how these self-empowered children, sometimes described as "precocious adults," actively shaped history.

War and Childhood in the Era of the Two World Wars

Author : Mischa Honeck,James Marten
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2019-02-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108478533

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War and Childhood in the Era of the Two World Wars by Mischa Honeck,James Marten Pdf

This innovative book reveals children's experiences and how they became victims and actors during the twentieth century's biggest conflicts.

Ottoman Women during World War I

Author : Elif Mahir Metinsoy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2017-11-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107198906

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Ottoman Women during World War I by Elif Mahir Metinsoy Pdf

Using the newest sources, this book reveals the experience of Ottoman Muslim women during World War I.

Orphans and Destitute Children in the Late Ottoman Empire

Author : Nazan Maksudyan
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2014-12-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9780815652977

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Orphans and Destitute Children in the Late Ottoman Empire by Nazan Maksudyan Pdf

History books often weave tales of rising and falling empires, royal dynasties, and wars among powerful nations. Here, Maksudyan succeeds in making those who are farthest removed from power the lead actors in this history. Focusing on orphans and destitute youth of the late Ottoman Empire, the author gives voice to those children who have long been neglected. Their experiences and perspectives shed new light on many significant developments of the late Ottoman period, providing an alternative narrative that recognizes children as historical agents. Maksudyan takes the reader from the intimate world of infant foundlings to the larger international context of missionary orphanages, all while focusing on Ottoman modernization, urbanization, citizenship, and the maintenance of order and security. Drawing upon archival records, she explores the ways in which the treatment of orphans intersected with welfare, labor, and state building in the Empire. Throughout the book, Maksudyan does not lose sight of her lead actors, and the influence of the children is always present if we simply listen and notice carefully as Maksudyan so convincingly argues.

Childhood in the Late Ottoman Empire and After

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2015-10-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004305809

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Childhood in the Late Ottoman Empire and After by Anonim Pdf

This volume explores the variety of ways in which childhood was experienced, lived and remembered in the late Ottoman Empire and its successor states. The period of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was a time of rapid change, and the history of childhood reflects the impact of new expectations, lived realities and national responsibilities on the youngest members of societies undergoing monumental change because of ideological, wartime and demographic shifts. Drawing on comparisons both within the Balkans, Turkey and the Arab lands and with Western Europe and beyond, the chapters investigate the many ways in which upheaval and change affected the youth. Particular attention is paid to changing conceptions of childhood, gender roles and newly dominant national imperatives. Contributors include: Elif Akşit, Laurence Brockliss, Nazan Çiçek, Alex Drace-Francis, Benjamin C. Fortna, Naoum Kaytchev, Duygu Köksal, Kathryn Libal, Nazan Maksudyan, Heidi Morrison, and Philipp Wirtz. This title, in its entirety, is available online in Open Access.

A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire

Author : M. Şükrü Hanioğlu
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2010-03-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691146171

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A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire by M. Şükrü Hanioğlu Pdf

At the turn of the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire straddled three continents and encompassed extraordinary ethnic and cultural diversity among the millions of people living within its borders. This text provides a concise history of the late empire between 1789 and 1918, turbulent years marked by incredible social change.

A Land of Aching Hearts

Author : Leila Tarazi Fawaz
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2014-11-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674735491

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A Land of Aching Hearts by Leila Tarazi Fawaz Pdf

A century after the Great War, the experiences of civilians and soldiers in the Middle East during those years have faded from memory. A Land of Aching Hearts traverses ethnic, class, and national borders to recover the personal stories of those who endured this cataclysmic event, and their profound sense of sacrifices made in vain.

Bread from Stones

Author : Keith David Watenpaugh
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2015-05-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520279308

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Bread from Stones by Keith David Watenpaugh Pdf

Bread from Stones, a highly anticipated book from historian Keith David Watenpaugh, breaks new ground in analyzing the theory and practice of modern humanitarianism. Genocide and mass violence, human trafficking, and the forced displacement of millions in the early twentieth century Eastern Mediterranean form the background for this exploration of humanitarianismÕs role in the history of human rights. WatenpaughÕs unique and provocative examination of humanitarian thought and action from a non-Western perspective goes beyond canonical descriptions of relief work and development projects. Employing a wide range of source materialsÑliterary and artistic responses to violence, memoirs, and first-person accounts from victims, perpetrators, relief workers, and diplomatsÑWatenpaugh argues that the international answer to the inhumanity of World War I in the Middle East laid the foundation for modern humanitarianism and the specific ways humanitarian groups and international organizations help victims of war, care for trafficked children, and aid refugees.Ê Bread from Stones is required reading for those interested in humanitarianism and its ideological, institutional, and legal origins, as well as the evolution of the movement following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the advent of late colonialism in the Middle East.

The Last Ottoman Generation and the Making of the Modern Middle East

Author : Michael Provence
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-18
Category : History
ISBN : 9780521761178

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The Last Ottoman Generation and the Making of the Modern Middle East by Michael Provence Pdf

A study of the period of armed conflict following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in the Middle East.

Living in the Ottoman Realm

Author : Christine Isom-Verhaaren,Kent F. Schull
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780253019486

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Living in the Ottoman Realm by Christine Isom-Verhaaren,Kent F. Schull Pdf

Living in the Ottoman Realm brings the Ottoman Empire to life in all of its ethnic, religious, linguistic, and geographic diversity. The contributors explore the development and transformation of identity over the long span of the empire's existence. They offer engaging accounts of individuals, groups, and communities by drawing on a rich array of primary sources, some available in English translation for the first time. These materials are examined with new methodological approaches to gain a deeper understanding of what it meant to be Ottoman. Designed for use as a course text, each chapter includes study questions and suggestions for further reading.

Young Subjects

Author : Julia M. Gossard
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9780228006909

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Young Subjects by Julia M. Gossard Pdf

Across the metropole, the colonies, and the wider eighteenth-century world, French children and youth participated in a diverse set of state-building initiatives, social reform programs, and imperial expansion efforts. Young Subjects explores the lives and experiences of these youth, revealing their role as active and vital agents in the shaping of early modern France. Through a set of regional case studies, Julia Gossard demonstrates how thousands of children and youth were engaged in the service of the state. In Lyon, charity schools cultivated children as agents of moral and social reform who carried their lessons home to their families. In Paris, orphaned and imprisoned youth trained in skilled trades or prepared for military service, while others were sent to the French colonies in North America as filles du roi and sturdy labourers. Young people from merchant families were recruited to serve as cultural brokers and translators on behalf of French commerical interests in the Ottoman Empire and Siam. In each case, Gossard considers how these youth played, negotiated, and sometimes resisted their roles, and what expressions of individual identity and agency were available to subjects under the legal control of others. As sources of labour, future taxpayers, colonial subjects, cultural mediators, and potential criminals, children and youth were objects of intense interest for civic authorities. Young Subjects refocuses our attention on these often overlooked historical subjects who helped to build France.

The History of Childhood: A Very Short Introduction

Author : James Marten
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2018-08-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190681401

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The History of Childhood: A Very Short Introduction by James Marten Pdf

While children are a relatively unchanging fact of life, childhood is a constantly shifting concept. Throughout the millennia, the age at which a child becomes a youth and a youth becomes an adult has varied by gender, class, religion, ethnicity, place, and economic need. As author James Marten explores in this Very Short Introduction, so too have the realities of childhood, each life shaped by factors such as education, expectation, and conflict (or lack thereof). Indeed, ancient Roman children lived very differently than those born of today's Generation Z. Experiences of childhood have been shaped in classrooms and on factory floors, in family homes and orphanages, and on battlefields and in front of television sets. In addressing this diversity, The History of Childhood: A Very Short Introduction takes a global, expansive view of the features of childhood that have shaped childhood throughout history and continue to shape it now. From the rules of Confucian childrearing in twelfth-century China to the struggles of children living as slaves in the Americas or as cotton mill workers in Industrial Age Britain, Marten takes his inspiration from the idea that the lives of children reveal important and sometimes uncomfortable truths about civilization. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Presumed Criminal

Author : Carl Suddler
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2019-07-02
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781479850280

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Presumed Criminal by Carl Suddler Pdf

A startling examination of the deliberate criminalization of black youths from the 1930s to today A stark disparity exists between black and white youth experiences in the justice system today. Black youths are perceived to be older and less innocent than their white peers. When it comes to incarceration, race trumps class, and even as black youths articulate their own experiences with carceral authorities, many Americans remain surprised by the inequalities they continue to endure. In this revealing book, Carl Suddler brings to light a much longer history of the policies and strategies that tethered the lives of black youths to the justice system indefinitely. The criminalization of black youth is inseparable from its racialized origins. In the mid-twentieth century, the United States justice system began to focus on punishment, rather than rehabilitation. By the time the federal government began to address the issue of juvenile delinquency, the juvenile justice system shifted its priorities from saving delinquent youth to purely controlling crime, and black teens bore the brunt of the transition. In New York City, increased state surveillance of predominantly black communities compounded arrest rates during the post–World War II period, providing justification for tough-on-crime policies. Questionable police practices, like stop-and-frisk, combined with media sensationalism, cemented the belief that black youth were the primary cause for concern. Even before the War on Crime, the stakes were clear: race would continue to be the crucial determinant in American notions of crime and delinquency, and black youths condemned with a stigma of criminality would continue to confront the overwhelming power of the state.

Christian Missions and Humanitarianism in The Middle East, 1850-1950

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004434530

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Christian Missions and Humanitarianism in The Middle East, 1850-1950 by Anonim Pdf

From the early phases of modern missions, Christian missionaries supported many humanitarian activities, mostly framed as subservient to the preaching of Christianity. This anthology contributes to a historically grounded understanding of the complex relationship between Christian missions and the roots of humanitarianism and its contemporary uses in a Middle Eastern context. Contributions focus on ideologies, rhetoric, and practices of missionaries and their apostolates towards humanitarianism, from the mid-19th century Middle East crises, examining different missionaries, their society’s worldview and their networks in various areas of the Middle East. In the early 20th century Christian missions increasingly paid more attention to organisation and bureaucratisation (‘rationalisation’), and media became more important to their work. The volume analyses how non-missionaries took over, to a certain extent, the aims and organisations of the missionaries as to humanitarianism. It seeks to discover and retrace such ‘entangled histories’ for the first time in an integral perspective. Contributors include: Beth Baron, Philippe Bourmaud, Seija Jalagin, Nazan Maksudyan, Michael Marten, Heleen (L.) Murre-van den Berg, Inger Marie Okkenhaug, Idir Ouahes, Maria Chiara Rioli, Karène Sanchez Summerer, Bertrand Taithe, and Chantal Verdeil

Women and the City, Women in the City

Author : Nazan Maksudyan
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2014-09-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781782384120

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Women and the City, Women in the City by Nazan Maksudyan Pdf

An attempt to reveal, recover and reconsider the roles, positions, and actions of Ottoman women, this volume reconsiders the negotiations, alliances, and agency of women in asserting themselves in the public domain in late- and post-Ottoman cities. Drawing on diverse theoretical backgrounds and a variety of source materials, from court records to memoirs to interviews, the contributors to the volume reconstruct the lives of these women within the urban sphere. With a fairly wide geographical span, from Aleppo to Sofia, from Jeddah to Istanbul, the chapters offer a wide panorama of the Ottoman urban geography, with a specific concern for gender roles.