Orphans And Destitute Children In The Late Ottoman Empire

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Orphans and Destitute Children in the Late Ottoman Empire

Nazan Maksudyan
Orphans and Destitute Children in the Late Ottoman Empire Book PDF

Author : Nazan Maksudyan
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2014-12-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9780815652977

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Orphans and Destitute Children in the Late Ottoman Empire by Nazan Maksudyan Pdf

History books often weave tales of rising and falling empires, royal dynasties, and wars among powerful nations. Here, Maksudyan succeeds in making those who are farthest removed from power the lead actors in this history. Focusing on orphans and destitute youth of the late Ottoman Empire, the author gives voice to those children who have long been neglected. Their experiences and perspectives shed new light on many significant developments of the late Ottoman period, providing an alternative narrative that recognizes children as historical agents. Maksudyan takes the reader from the intimate world of infant foundlings to the larger international context of missionary orphanages, all while focusing on Ottoman modernization, urbanization, citizenship, and the maintenance of order and security. Drawing upon archival records, she explores the ways in which the treatment of orphans intersected with welfare, labor, and state building in the Empire. Throughout the book, Maksudyan does not lose sight of her lead actors, and the influence of the children is always present if we simply listen and notice carefully as Maksudyan so convincingly argues.

Ottoman Children and Youth during World War I

Nazan Maksudyan
Ottoman Children and Youth during World War I Book PDF

Author : Nazan Maksudyan
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9780815654735

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Ottoman Children and Youth during World War I by Nazan Maksudyan Pdf

Described by historians as a "total war," World War I was the first conflict that required a comprehensive mobilization of all members of society, regardless of profession, age, or gender. Just as women became heads of households and joined the workforce in unprecedented numbers, children also became actively engaged in the war effort. Adding a new dimension to the historiography of World War I, Maksudyan explores the variegated experiences and involvement of Ottoman children and youth in the war. Rather than simply passive victims, children became essential participants as soldiers, wage earners, farmers, and artisans. They also contributed to the propaganda and mobilization effort as symbolic heroes and orphans of martyrs. Rebelling against their orphanage directors or trade masters, marching and singing proudly with their scouting companies, making long-distance journeys to receive vocational training or simply to find their families, they acquired new identities and discovered new forms of agency. Maksudyan focuses on four different groups of children: thousands of orphans in state orphanages (Darüleytam), apprentice boys who were sent to Germany, children and youth in urban centers who reproduced rivaling nationalist ideologies, and Armenian children who survived the genocide. With each group, the author sheds light on how the war dramatically impacted their lives and, in turn, how these self-empowered children, sometimes described as "precocious adults," actively shaped history.

Childhood in the Late Ottoman Empire and After

Anonim
Childhood in the Late Ottoman Empire and After Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2015-10-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004305809

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Childhood in the Late Ottoman Empire and After by Anonim Pdf

This volume explores the variety of ways in which childhood was experienced, lived and remembered in the late Ottoman Empire and its successor states. The period of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was a time of rapid change, and the history of childhood reflects the impact of new expectations, lived realities and national responsibilities on the youngest members of societies undergoing monumental change because of ideological, wartime and demographic shifts. Drawing on comparisons both within the Balkans, Turkey and the Arab lands and with Western Europe and beyond, the chapters investigate the many ways in which upheaval and change affected the youth. Particular attention is paid to changing conceptions of childhood, gender roles and newly dominant national imperatives. Contributors include: Elif Akşit, Laurence Brockliss, Nazan Çiçek, Alex Drace-Francis, Benjamin C. Fortna, Naoum Kaytchev, Duygu Köksal, Kathryn Libal, Nazan Maksudyan, Heidi Morrison, and Philipp Wirtz. This title, in its entirety, is available online in Open Access.

Non-Sunni Muslims in the Late Ottoman Empire

Necati Alkan
Non Sunni Muslims in the Late Ottoman Empire Book PDF

Author : Necati Alkan
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2022-02-24
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780755616862

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Non-Sunni Muslims in the Late Ottoman Empire by Necati Alkan Pdf

The Alawis or Alawites are a minority Muslim sect, predominantly based in Syria, Turkey and Lebanon. Over the course of the 19th century, they came increasingly under the attention of the ruling Ottoman authorities in their attempts to modernize the Empire, as well as Western Protestant missionaries. Using Ottoman state archives and contemporary chronicles, this book explores the Ottoman government's attitudes and policies towards the Alawis, revealing how successive regimes sought to bring them into the Sunni mainstream fold for a combination of political, imperial and religious reasons. In the context of increasing Western interference in the empire's domains, Alkan reveals the origins of Ottoman attempts to 'civilize' the Alawis, from the Tanzimat period to the Young Turk Revolution. He compares Ottoman attitudes to Alawis against its treatment of other minorities, including Bektashis, Alevis, Yezidis and Iraqi Shi'a. An important new contribution to the literature on the history of the Alawis and Ottoman policy towards minorities, this book will be essential reading for scholars of the late Ottoman Empire and minorities of the Middle East.

Governing Migration in the Late Ottoman Empire

Ella Fratantuono
Governing Migration in the Late Ottoman Empire Book PDF

Author : Ella Fratantuono
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2024-04-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781399521871

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Governing Migration in the Late Ottoman Empire by Ella Fratantuono Pdf

How do terms used to describe migration change over time? How do those changes reflect possibilities of inclusion and exclusion? Ella Fratantuono places the governance of migrants at the centre of Ottoman state-building across a 60-year period (1850-1910) to answer these questions. She traces the significance of the term muhacir (migrant) within Ottoman governance during this global era of mass migration, during which millions of migrants arrived in the empire, many fleeing from oppression, violence and war. Rather than adopting the familiar distinction between coerced and non-coerced migration, Fratanuono explores how officials' use of muhacir captures changing approaches to administering migrants and the Ottoman population. By doing so, she places the Ottoman experience within a global history of migration management and sheds light on how six decades of governing migration contributed to the infrastructures and ideology essential to mass displacement in the empire's last decade.

War and Childhood in the Era of the Two World Wars

Mischa Honeck,James Marten
War and Childhood in the Era of the Two World Wars Book PDF

Author : Mischa Honeck,James Marten
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2019-02-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108478533

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War and Childhood in the Era of the Two World Wars by Mischa Honeck,James Marten Pdf

This innovative book reveals children's experiences and how they became victims and actors during the twentieth century's biggest conflicts.

German Religious Women in Late Ottoman Beirut

Julia Hauser
German Religious Women in Late Ottoman Beirut Book PDF

Author : Julia Hauser
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2015-04-14
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9789004290785

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German Religious Women in Late Ottoman Beirut by Julia Hauser Pdf

In German Religious Women in Late Ottoman Beirut. Competing Missions, Julia Hauser offers a critical analysis of the German Protestant Kaiserswerth deaconesses’ establishment in late Ottoman Beirut as situated within the larger field of educational development in the city.

Labor and Power in the Late Ottoman Empire

Can Nacar
Labor and Power in the Late Ottoman Empire Book PDF

Author : Can Nacar
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-11-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030315597

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Labor and Power in the Late Ottoman Empire by Can Nacar Pdf

By the early twentieth century, consumers around the world had developed a taste for Ottoman-grown tobacco. Employing tens of thousands of workers, the Ottoman tobacco industry flourished in the decades between the 1870s to the First Balkan War—and it became the locus of many of the most active labor struggles across the empire. Can Nacar delves into the lives of these workers and their fight for better working conditions. Full of insight into the changing relations of power between capital and labor in the Ottoman Empire and the role played by state actors in these relations, this book also draws on a rich array of primary sources to foreground the voices of tobacco workers themselves.

On the Social History of Persecution

Christian Gerlach
On the Social History of Persecution Book PDF

Author : Christian Gerlach
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2023-03-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9783110789713

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On the Social History of Persecution by Christian Gerlach Pdf

This multi-disciplinary volume is one of the few collections about social change covering various cases of mass violence and genocide. In life under persecution, social relations and social structures were not absent and not simply replaced by an ethno-racial order. The studies in this book show the influence of social structures like gender, age and class on life under persecution. Exploring practices in family and labor relations and of collective action, they counter claims of an atomization of society or total uprootedness of victims. Despite being exposed to poverty and want and under the permanent threat of political violence, persecuted people tried to develop their own agency. Case studies are about the Jewish and Armenian persecutions, Rwanda, the war of decolonization in Mozambique and civilian refuges in Belarus during World War II. The authors are a mix of experienced scholars and young researchers.

The Orphan Scandal

Beth Baron
The Orphan Scandal Book PDF

Author : Beth Baron
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2014-07-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780804792226

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The Orphan Scandal by Beth Baron Pdf

On a sweltering June morning in 1933 a fifteen-year-old Muslim orphan girl refused to rise in a show of respect for her elders at her Christian missionary school in Port Said. Her intransigence led to a beating—and to the end of most foreign missions in Egypt—and contributed to the rise of Islamist organizations. Turkiyya Hasan left the Swedish Salaam Mission with scratches on her legs and a suitcase of evidence of missionary misdeeds. Her story hit a nerve among Egyptians, and news of the beating quickly spread through the country. Suspicion of missionary schools, hospitals, and homes increased, and a vehement anti-missionary movement swept the country. That missionaries had won few converts was immaterial to Egyptian observers: stories such as Turkiyya's showed that the threat to Muslims and Islam was real. This is a great story of unintended consequences: Christian missionaries came to Egypt to convert and provide social services for children. Their actions ultimately inspired the development of the Muslim Brotherhood and similar Islamist groups. In The Orphan Scandal, Beth Baron provides a new lens through which to view the rise of Islamic groups in Egypt. This fresh perspective offers a starting point to uncover hidden links between Islamic activists and a broad cadre of Protestant evangelicals. Exploring the historical aims of the Christian missions and the early efforts of the Muslim Brotherhood, Baron shows how the Muslim Brotherhood and like-minded Islamist associations developed alongside and in reaction to the influx of missionaries. Patterning their organization and social welfare projects on the early success of the Christian missions, the Brotherhood launched their own efforts to "save" children and provide for the orphaned, abandoned, and poor. In battling for Egypt's children, Islamic activists created a network of social welfare institutions and a template for social action across the country—the effects of which, we now know, would only gain power and influence across the country in the decades to come.

Goodbye, Antoura

Karnig Panian
Goodbye Antoura Book PDF

Author : Karnig Panian
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2015-04-08
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780804796347

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Goodbye, Antoura by Karnig Panian Pdf

“This searing account of a little boy wrenched from family and innocence” during the Armenian genocide “is a literary gem” (Financial Times). When World War I began, Karnig Panian was only five years old, living among his fellow Armenians in the Anatolian village of Gurin. Four years later, American aid workers found him at an orphanage in Antoura, Lebanon. He was among nearly a thousand Armenian and four hundred Kurdish children who had been abandoned by the Turkish administrators, left to survive at the orphanage without adult care. This memoir offers the extraordinary story of what he endured in those years—as his people were deported from their Armenian community, as his family died in a refugee camp in the deserts of Syria, as he survived hunger and mistreatment in the orphanage. The Antoura orphanage was another project of the Armenian genocide: Its administrators, some benign and some cruel, sought to transform the children into Turks by changing their Armenian names, forcing them to speak Turkish, and erasing their history. Panian’s memoir is a full-throated story of loss, resistance, and survival, but told without bitterness or sentimentality. His story shows us how even young children recognize injustice and can organize against it, how they can form a sense of identity that they will fight to maintain. He paints a painfully rich and detailed picture of the lives and agency of Armenian orphans during the darkest days of World War I. Ultimately, Karnig Panian survived the Armenian genocide and the deprivations that followed. Goodbye, Antoura assures us of how humanity, once denied, can be again reclaimed.

Dimensions of Transformation in the Ottoman Empire from the Late Medieval Age to Modernity

Anonim
Dimensions of Transformation in the Ottoman Empire from the Late Medieval Age to Modernity Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 515 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2021-08-04
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004442351

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Dimensions of Transformation in the Ottoman Empire from the Late Medieval Age to Modernity by Anonim Pdf

This book is dedicated to Metin Kunt, which primarily examines diverse cases of changes throughout Ottoman history. Both specialist and non-specialist readers will explore and understand the complexities concerning the longevity as well as the tenacity of the Ottoman Empire.

Women in the Ottoman Empire

Suraiya Faroqhi
Women in the Ottoman Empire Book PDF

Author : Suraiya Faroqhi
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2023-01-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9780755638277

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Women in the Ottoman Empire by Suraiya Faroqhi Pdf

It is an often ignored but fundamental fact that in the Ottoman world, as in most empires, there were 'first-class' and 'second class' subjects. Among the townspeople, peasants and nomads subject to the sultans, who might be Muslims or non-Muslims, adult Muslim males were first-class subjects and all others, including Muslim boys and women, were of the second class. As for the female members of the elite, while less privileged than the males, in some respects their life chances might be better than those of ordinary women. Even so, they shared the risks of pregnancy, childbirth and epidemic diseases with townswomen of the subject class and to a certain extent, with village women as well. Thus, the study of Ottoman women is indispensable for understanding Ottoman society in general. In this book, the agency of women from a diverse range of class, religious, ethnic, and geographic backgrounds is, for the first time, woven into the social and political history of the Ottoman Empire, from the early-modern period to its dissolution in 1918. Suraiya Faroqhi charts the history of elite and non-elite women in thematic chapters concentrating on urban women, family life, work, slavery, education and survival in times of war. In the process the book introduces readers to the key sources, primary and secondary, necessary to reconstruct and understand the ways that females navigated social, legal and economic constraints, through the central prisms of family relations, work and charity. The first introductory social history of women in the Ottoman Empire, and including a timeline and extended further reading section, this book will be essential reading for scholars and students of Ottoman history and the history of women in the Middle East.

Ottoman Women during World War I

Elif Mahir Metinsoy
Ottoman Women during World War I Book PDF

Author : Elif Mahir Metinsoy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017-11-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107198906

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Ottoman Women during World War I by Elif Mahir Metinsoy Pdf

Using the newest sources, this book reveals the experience of Ottoman Muslim women during World War I.

Christian Missions and Humanitarianism in The Middle East, 1850-1950

Anonim
Christian Missions and Humanitarianism in The Middle East 1850 1950 Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2020-09-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004434530

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Christian Missions and Humanitarianism in The Middle East, 1850-1950 by Anonim Pdf

From the early phases of modern missions, Christian missionaries supported many humanitarian activities, mostly framed as subservient to the preaching of Christianity. This anthology contributes to a historically grounded understanding of the complex relationship between Christian missions and the roots of humanitarianism and its contemporary uses in a Middle Eastern context. Contributions focus on ideologies, rhetoric, and practices of missionaries and their apostolates towards humanitarianism, from the mid-19th century Middle East crises, examining different missionaries, their society’s worldview and their networks in various areas of the Middle East. In the early 20th century Christian missions increasingly paid more attention to organisation and bureaucratisation (‘rationalisation’), and media became more important to their work. The volume analyses how non-missionaries took over, to a certain extent, the aims and organisations of the missionaries as to humanitarianism. It seeks to discover and retrace such ‘entangled histories’ for the first time in an integral perspective. Contributors include: Beth Baron, Philippe Bourmaud, Seija Jalagin, Nazan Maksudyan, Michael Marten, Heleen (L.) Murre-van den Berg, Inger Marie Okkenhaug, Idir Ouahes, Maria Chiara Rioli, Karène Sanchez Summerer, Bertrand Taithe, and Chantal Verdeil