Oxide Semiconductors For Solar Energy Conversion

Author : Janusz Nowotny
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781439848463

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Oxide Semiconductors for Solar Energy Conversion by Janusz Nowotny Pdf

Oxide semiconductors, including titanium dioxide (TiO2), are increasingly being considered as replacements for silicon in the development of the next generation of solar cells. Oxide Semiconductors for Solar Energy Conversion: Titanium Dioxide presents the basic properties of binary metal oxide semiconductors and the performance-related properties of TiO2 as they relate to solar energy. The book provides a general background on oxide semiconductors based on binary oxides and their solid solutions, including electronic and ionic conductors. It covers several aspects of solid-state electrochemistry of oxides, such as defect chemistry, and defect-related properties, such as electrical properties, diffusion, segregation, and reactivity. The author also takes a pioneering approach in considering bulk versus surface semiconducting properties, showing how they are different due to the effect of segregation. One of the first on semiconducting, photocatalytic, and photoelectrochemical properties of TiO2 and its solid solutions with donor- and acceptor-type ions, the book discusses defect chemistry of TiO2 in terms of defect equilibria and defect-related properties, including electrical properties, self and chemical diffusion, surface properties, segregation, and reactivity and photoreactivity with oxygen, water, and microbial agents. The text also illustrates the use of TiO2 as an emerging material for solar energy conversion systems, including the generation of hydrogen fuel by photoelectrochemical water splitting, the photocatalytic purification of water, and the generation of photovoltaic electricity. In addition, it presents defect disorder diagrams for the formation of TiO2-based semiconductors with controlled properties. Encompassing the areas of solid-state science, surface chemistry, and photocatalysis, this book reflects the increasing awareness of the importance of structural imperfections, such as point defects, in understanding the properties of metal oxides, specifically TiO2-based semiconductors.

Author : Venkataraman Thangadurai,Yasuro Ikuma
Publisher : Trans Tech Publications Ltd
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2016-08-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783035701951

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Oxide Semiconductors for Solar-to-Chemical Energy Conversion by Venkataraman Thangadurai,Yasuro Ikuma Pdf

This volume is focused on the materials and devices for solar-to-chemical energy conversion. The introductory paper, by Alim and Bak, considers the basic concepts of the light-induced water oxidation by oxide semiconductors. This paper is concentrated on the photoreactivity of metal oxides, such as TiO2, with water and the related charge transfer during partial and total oxidation. The second paper of Yang et al provides an overview on the performance of TiO2 as photoanode in photoelectrochemical water oxidation. The paper of Nasir et al considers application of BiVO4 as photoelectrode for the generation of solar hydrogen fuel using water as the raw material. The work of Pastuovic et al is a treatise on the application of accelerator-based nuclear techniques in the characterisation of oxide semiconductors for solar energy conversion. This volume is addressed to those interested in the progress of research in oxide materials for solar energy conversion.

Author : Alan Fahrenbruch,Richard Bube
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 580 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323145381

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Fundamentals Of Solar Cells by Alan Fahrenbruch,Richard Bube Pdf

Fundamentals of Solar Cells: Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion provides an introduction to the fundamental physical principles of solar cells. It aims to promote the expansion of solar photovoltaics from relatively small and specialized use to a large-scale contribution to energy supply. The book begins with a review of basic concepts such as the source of energy, the role of photovoltaic conversion, the development of photovoltaic cells, and sequence of phenomena involved in solar power generation. This is followed by separate chapters on each of the processes that take place in solar cell. These include solar input; properties of semiconductors; recombination and the flow of photogenerated carriers; charge separation and the characteristics of junction barriers; and calculation of solar efficiency. Subsequent chapters deal with the operation of specific solar cell devices such as a single-crystal homojunction (Si); a single-crystal-heterojunction/buried-homojunction (AlGaAs/GaAs); and a polycrystalline, thin-film cell (CuxS/CdS). This book is intended for upper-level graduate students who have a reasonably good understanding of solid state physics and for scientists and engineers involved in research and development of solar cells.

Author : Inamuddin,Mohd Imran Ahamed,Rajender Boddula,Mashallah Rezakazemi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 578 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2021-07-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119725046

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Fundamentals of Solar Cell Design by Inamuddin,Mohd Imran Ahamed,Rajender Boddula,Mashallah Rezakazemi Pdf

Edited by one of the most well-respected and prolific engineers in the world and his team, this book provides a comprehensive overview of solar cells and explores the history of evolution and present scenarios of solar cell design, classification, properties, various semiconductor materials, thin films, wafer-scale, transparent solar cells, and other fundamentals of solar cell design. Solar cells are semiconductor devices that convert light photons into electricity in photovoltaic energy conversion and can help to overcome the global energy crisis. Solar cells have many applications including remote area power systems, earth-orbiting satellites, wristwatches, water pumping, photodetectors and remote radiotelephones. Solar cell technology is economically feasible for commercial-scale power generation. While commercial solar cells exhibit good performance and stability, still researchers are looking at many ways to improve the performance and cost of solar cells via modulating the fundamental properties of semiconductors. Solar cell technology is the key to a clean energy future. Solar cells directly harvested energy from the sun’s light radiation into electricity are in an ever-growing demand for future global energy production. Solar cell-based energy harvesting has attracted worldwide attention for its notable features, such as cheap renewable technology, scalable, lightweight, flexibility, versatility, no greenhouse gas emission, and economy friendly and operational costs. Thus, solar cell technology is at the forefront of renewable energy technologies which are used in telecommunications, power plants, small devices to satellites. Large-scale implementation can be manipulated by various types used in solar cell design and exploration of new materials towards improving performance and reducing cost. Therefore, in-depth knowledge about solar cell design is fundamental for those who wish to apply this knowledge and understanding in industries and academics. This book provides a comprehensive overview on solar cells and explores the history to evolution and present scenarios of solar cell design, classification, properties, various semiconductor materials, thin films, wafer-scale, transparent solar cells, and so on. It also includes solar cells’ characterization, analytical tools, theoretical modeling, practices to enhance conversion efficiencies, applications and patents. This outstanding new volume: Provides state-of-the-art information about solar cells Is a unique reference guide for researchers in solar energy Includes novel innovations in the field of solar cell technology Audience: This book is a unique reference guide that can be used by faculty, students, researchers, engineers, device designers and industrialists who are working and learning in the fields of semiconductors, chemistry, physics, electronics, light science, material science, flexible energy conversion, industrial, and renewable energy sectors..

Author : Haining Tian,Gerrit Boschloo,Anders Hagfeldt
Publisher : Springer
Page : 531 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811059247

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Molecular Devices for Solar Energy Conversion and Storage by Haining Tian,Gerrit Boschloo,Anders Hagfeldt Pdf

This book shows the different molecular devices used for solar energy conversion and storage and the important characterization techniques for this kind of device. It has five chapters describing representative molecule-based solar cells, such as organic solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells and hybrid solar cells (perovskite solar cell and quantum dots solar cells). It also includes two chapters demonstrating the use of molecular devices in the areas of solar fuel, water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction. There are further two chapters with interesting examples of solar energy storage related devices, like solar flow battery, solar capacitor and solar energy-thermal energy storage. Three chapters introduce important techniques used to characterize, investigate and evaluate the mechanism of molecular devices. The final chapter discusses the stability of perovskite solar cells. This book is relevant for a wide readership, and is particularly useful for students, researchers and industrial professionals who are working on molecular devices for solar energy utilization.

Author : Andrés G. Muñoz
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781439869260

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Photoelectrochemical Solar Conversion Systems by Andrés G. Muñoz Pdf

Providing new insights into the molecular and electronic processes involved in the conversion of sunlight into chemical products, Photoelectrochemical Solar Conversion Systems: Molecular and Electronic Aspects begins with an historical overview and a survey of recent developments in the electrochemistry of semiconductors and spectroscopic technique

Author : J. A. Aranovich
Publisher : Springer
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Direct energy conversion
ISBN : UOM:39076006154970

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Solar Energy Conversion by J. A. Aranovich Pdf

Author : R. Rajasekar,C. Moganapriya,A. Mohankumar
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119752172

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Materials for Solar Energy Conversion by R. Rajasekar,C. Moganapriya,A. Mohankumar Pdf

MATERIALS FOR SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION This book provides professionals and students with a resource on the basic principles and applications of solar energy materials and processes, as well as practicing engineers who want to understand how functional materials operate in solar energy conversion systems. The demand for energy is increasing daily, and the development of sustainable power generation is a critical issue. In order to overcome the energy demand, power generation through solar energy is booming. Many research works have attempted to enhance the efficiency of collection and storage of solar energy and, as a result, numerous advanced functional materials have been developed for enhancing the performance of solar cells. This book has compiled and broadly explores the latest developments of materials, methods, and applications of solar energy. The book is divided into 2 parts, in which the first part deals with solar cell fundamentals and emerging categories, and the latter part deals with materials, methods, and applications in order to fill the gap between existing technologies and practical requirements. The book presents detailed chapters including organic, inorganic, coating materials, and collectors. The use of modern computer simulation techniques, conversion and storage processes are effectively covered. Topics such as nanostructured solar cells, battery materials, etc. are included in this book as well. Audience The book is aimed at researchers in materials science, chemistry, physics, electrical and mechanical engineering working in the fields of nanotechnology, photovoltaic device technology, and solar energy.

Author : C C Sorrell,J. Nowotny,S Sugihara
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2005-10-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781845690915

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Materials for Energy Conversion Devices by C C Sorrell,J. Nowotny,S Sugihara Pdf

As the finite capacity and pollution problems of fossil fuels grow more pressing, new sources of more sustainable energy are being developed. Materials for energy conversion devices summarises the key research on new materials which can be used to generate clean and renewable energy or to help manage problems from existing energy sources. The book discusses the range of materials that can be used to harness and convert solar energy in particular, including the properties of oxide materials and their use in producing hydrogen fuel. It covers thermoelectric materials and devices for power generation, ionic conductors and new types of fuel cell. There are also chapters on the use of such materials in the immobilisation of nuclear waste and as electrochemical gas sensors for emission control. With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Materials for energy conversion devices is a standard reference for all those researching and developing a new generation of materials and technologies for our energy need. Detailed coverage of solar energy and thermoelectric conversion Comprehensive survey of new developments in this exciting field Edited by leading experts in the field with contributions from an international team of authors

Author : Piotr Piotrwiak
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781849733878

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Solar Energy Conversion by Piotr Piotrwiak Pdf

A state-of-the art review on experimental and theoretical approaches to the study of interfacial electron and excitation transfer processes which are so crucial to solar energy conversion.

Author : Monica Lira-Cantu
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 568 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0128104198

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The Future of Semiconductor Oxides in Next-Generation Solar Cells by Monica Lira-Cantu Pdf

4.1.2 Doped NiO -- 4.1.2.1 Cu-Doped NiO -- 4.1.2.2 Li, Mg-Doped NiO -- 4.2 CuOx -- 4.3 Others -- References -- Chapter 5 Metal Oxide-Based Charge Extraction and Recombination Layers for Organic Solar Cells -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 High Work-Function Metal-Oxide Hole Extraction Layers -- 5.3 Low Work-Function Metal-Oxide Electron Extraction Layers -- 5.4 Organic Multijunction Solar Cells With Metal-Oxide Recombination Layers -- 5.5 Summary and Outlook -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells -- 6.1 Introduction and Historical Overview -- 6.2 DSSC Operation: Basic Principles -- 6.2.1 Useful Processes -- 6.2.2 Deleterious Processes -- 6.2.3 Incident Photon-to-Current Efficiency -- 6.2.3.1 Light Harvesting Efficiency -- 6.2.3.2 Electron Injection Efficiency -- 6.2.3.3 Electron Collection Efficiency -- 6.2.3.4 Sensitizer Turnover Number -- 6.2.3.5 Energy Conversion Efficiency -- 6.3 Redox Mediators in the Electrolyte -- 6.3.1 Energetics at the Adsorbed Dye-Electrolyte Interface -- 6.3.1.1 Redox Potential and Fermi Level -- 6.3.1.2 Energetics of Regeneration and Recombination at the Photoelectrode -- 6.3.2 Considerations Regarding Successful Redox Mediator Operation -- 6.3.3 Description of Some Efficient Redox Mediator Systems -- 6.3.3.1 Iodide -- 6.3.3.2 Cobalt Coordination Complexes -- 6.3.3.3 Copper Coordination Complexes -- 6.3.3.4 Nitroxide Radicals -- 6.3.3.5 Mixed Mediators -- 6.4 Organic Solid-State Charge Hole Conductors -- 6.4.1 General Considerations -- 6.4.2 Small Molecular Size Hole Conductors -- 6.4.3 Conducting Polymer Hole Conductors -- References -- Chapter 7 Semiconducting Metal Oxides for High Performance Perovskite Solar Cells -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 n-i-p Structure -- 7.2.1 Evolution of Device Structure and Metal Oxide Selective Contacts

Author : F. Cardon
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461592334

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Photovoltaic and Photoelectrochemical Solar Energy Conversion by F. Cardon Pdf

In recent years there has been an increasing interest in syscems which enable the conversion of solar energy into electri calor chemical energy. Many types of systems have been proposed and studied experimenta11y, the fundamentals of which extend from solid state physics to photo- and electrochemistry. For most of the systems considered excitation of an electron by absorption of a photon is fo1lowed by charge separation at an interface. It follows that the different fields involved (photovo1taics, photo electrochemistry, photogalvanics, etc.) have several essential aspects in common. It was the main purpose with the NATO Advanced Study Insti tute held at Gent, Belgium, from August 25 to September 5, 1980, to bring together research workers specializing in one of these fields in order to enab1e them not only to extend their knowledge into their own field but also to promote the interdisciplinary exchange of ideas. The scope of the A.S.I. has been 1imited to systems which have not or have hardly reached the stage of prac tica1 development. As a consequence, no lectures on economica1 aspects of solar energy conversion have been included. The topics covered in this volume are the fundamentals of recombination in solar ce1ls (P. Landsberg), theoretical and experimental aspects of heterojunctions and semiconductor/metal Schottky barriers (J.J. Loferski, W.H. Bloss and W.G. Townsend), photoelectrochemica1 ce11s (H. Gerischer and A.J. Nozik), pho- v PREFACE vi ga1vanic ce11s (W.J. Albery) and fina11y, surfactant assemb1ies (M. Grätzel).

Author : Thomas Dittrich
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 568 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781786344502

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Materials Concepts for Solar Cells by Thomas Dittrich Pdf

A modern challenge is for solar cell materials to enable the highest solar energy conversion efficiencies, at costs as low as possible, and at an energy balance as sustainable as necessary in the future. This textbook explains the principles, concepts and materials used in solar cells. It combines basic knowledge about solar cells and the demanded criteria for the materials with a comprehensive introduction into each of the four classes of materials for solar cells, i.e. solar cells based on crystalline silicon, epitaxial layer systems of III-V semiconductors, thin-film absorbers on foreign substrates, and nano-composite absorbers. In this sense, it bridges a gap between basic literature on the physics of solar cells and books specialized on certain types of solar cells. The last five years had several breakthroughs in photovoltaics and in the research on solar cells and solar cell materials. We consider them in this second edition. For example, the high potential of crystalline silicon with charge-selective hetero-junctions and alkaline treatments of thin-film absorbers, based on chalcopyrite, enabled new records. Research activities were boosted by the class of hybrid organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites, a promising newcomer in the field. This is essential reading for students interested in solar cells and materials for solar cells. It encourages students to solve tasks at the end of each chapter. It has been well applied for postgraduate students with background in materials science, engineering, chemistry or physics.

Author : Serge Zhuiykov
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2014-02-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781782422242

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Nanostructured Semiconductor Oxides for the Next Generation of Electronics and Functional Devices by Serge Zhuiykov Pdf

Nanostructured Semiconductor Oxides for the Next Generation of Electronics and Functional Devices focuses on the development of semiconductor nanocrystals, their technologies and applications, including energy harvesting, solar cells, solid oxide fuel cells, and chemical sensors. Semiconductor oxides are used in electronics, optics, catalysts, sensors, and other functional devices. In their 2D form, the reduction in size confers exceptional properties, useful for creating faster electronics and more efficient catalysts. After explaining the physics affecting the conductivity and electron arrangement of nanostructured semiconductors, the book addresses the structural and chemical modification of semiconductor nanocrystals during material growth. It then covers their use in nanoscale functional devices, particularly in electronic devices and carbon nanotubes. It explores the impact of 2D nanocrystals, such as graphene, chalcogenides, and oxide nanostructures, on research and technology, leading to a discussion of incorporating graphene and semiconductor nanostructures into composites for use in energy storage. The final three chapters focus on the applications of these functional materials in photovoltaic cells, solid oxide fuel cells, and in environmental sensors including pH, dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic carbon, and dissolved metal ion sensors. Nanostructured Semiconductor Oxides for the Next Generation of Electronics and Functional Devices is a crucial resource for scientists, applied researchers, and production engineers working in the fabrication, design, testing, characterization, and analysis of new semiconductor materials. This book is a valuable reference for those working in the analysis and characterization of new nanomaterials, and for those who develop technologies for practical devices fabrication. Focuses on the development of semiconductor nanocrystals, their technologies and applications, including energy harvesting, solar cells, solid oxide fuel cells, and chemical sensors Reviews fundamental physics of conductivity and electron arrangement before proceeding to practical applications A vital resource for applied researchers and production engineers working with new semiconductor materials

Author : Rutgers University. Department of Electrical Engineering,Wayne A. Anderson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Diodes, Schottky-barrier
ISBN : STANFORD:36105211268581

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Silicon Schottky Photovoltaic Diodes for Solar Energy Conversion by Rutgers University. Department of Electrical Engineering,Wayne A. Anderson Pdf