P53 Suppressor Gene

Author : Tapas Mukhopadhyay,Steven A. Maxwell,Jack A. Roth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783662222751

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p53 Suppressor Gene by Tapas Mukhopadhyay,Steven A. Maxwell,Jack A. Roth Pdf

This book is about the p53 gene, one of the most frequently mutated or deleted genes in human cancers. The frequent occurrence of inactivated p53 implicates this gene product in the genesis of many human cancers. The p53 gene can suppress the growth of cancer cells and the transformation process by oncogenes. The p53 protein is a transcription factor that can repress or activate promoters containing one of three p53 DNA-binding motifs. The activity of p53 is regulated by phosphorylation and other transcription factors. Replacement of the p53 function or restoration of the p53 biochemical pathway is a focus of gene therapy.

Author : Gerard P. Zambetti
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2007-07-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780387301273

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The p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway and Cancer by Gerard P. Zambetti Pdf

The current year (2004) marks the Silver Anniversary of the discovery of the p53 tumor suppressor. The emerging ?eld ?rst considered p53 as a viral antigen and then as an oncogene that cooperates with activated ras in transforming primary cells in culture. Fueling the concept of p53 acting as a transforming factor, p53 expression was markedly elevated in various transformed and tumorigenic cell lines when compared to normal cells. In a simple twist of fate, most of the studies conducted in those early years inadvertently relied on a point mutant of p53 that had been cloned from a normal mouse genomic library. A bona ?de wild-type p53 cDNA was subsequently isolated, ironically, from a mouse teratocarcinoma cell line. A decade after its discovery, p53 was shown to be a tumor suppressor that protects against cancer. It is now recognized that approximately half of all human tumors arise due to mutations within the p53 gene. As remarkable as this number may seem, it signi?cantly underrepresents how often the p53 pathway is targeted during tumorigenesis. It is my personal view, as well as many in the p53 ?eld, that the p53-signaling pathway is corrupted in nearly 100% of tumors. If you are interested in understanding cancer and how it develops, you must begin by studying p53 and its pathway. After demonstrating that p53 functions as a tumor suppressor the ?eld exploded and p53 became a major focus of scientists around the world.

Author : Katherine R. Polinsky
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Antioncogenes
ISBN : 1600216935

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Tumor Suppressor Genes by Katherine R. Polinsky Pdf

A tumour suppressor gene is a gene that reduces the probability that a cell in a multicellular organism will turn into a tumor cell. A mutation or deletion of such a gene will increase the probability of the formation of a tumor. Unlike oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes generally follow the 'two-hit hypothesis', which implies that both alleles that code for a particular gene must be affected before an effect is manifested. This is due to the fact that if only one allele for the gene is damaged, the second can still produce the correct protein. However, there are cases where mutations in only one allele will cause an effect. A notable example is the gene that codes for p53. Tumor suppressor genes, or more precisely, the proteins for which they code, either have a dampening or repressive effect on the regulation of the cell cycle or promote apoptosis, and sometimes do both. This book presents new and important research from throughout the world.

Author : Pierre Hainaut,Klas G. Wiman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2007-10-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781402029226

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25 Years of p53 Research by Pierre Hainaut,Klas G. Wiman Pdf

p53 has emerged as a key tumor suppressor and important target for novel cancer therapy. This book, written by world-leading p53 researchers including many of those who have shaped the field over the past 25 years, provides unique insights into the progress of the field and the prospects for better cancer diagnosis and therapy in the future.

Author : Sumitra Deb,Swati Palit Deb
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2008-02-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781592594085

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p53 Protocols by Sumitra Deb,Swati Palit Deb Pdf

Since the discovery of p53 as a tumor suppressor, numerous methods have evolved to reveal the unique structural features and biochemical functions of this protein. Several unique properties of p53 posed a challenge to understa- ing its normal function in the initial phase of its research. The low levels of p53 in normal cells, its stabilization under situations of genotoxic stress, induction of growth arrest, and apoptosis with stabilization of the protein, obstructed the visibility of its normal, unmutated function. The property of p53 that can sense a promoter and transactivate or inhibit is still not well understood. It is still not known whether it is the absence of the protein that causes tumorigenesis, or if its mutants have a dominant role in inducing cancer. p53 Protocols comprises eighteen chapters for the study of the diverse properties of p53 and related proteins. The methods included are invaluable for delineating the function of other proteins that may function as tumor suppr- sors or growth suppressors. The chapters are not presented in any schematic order, for the importance and diversity of the functions of p53 make it imp- sible to organize them suitably. We have made a sincere effort to collect the methods most useful to those investigators working on tumor suppressors or growth suppressors. The purpose of p53 Protocols is not only to provide investigators with methods to analyze similar biochemical functions, but also to familiarize them with the associated problems that arose during the course of investigations.

Author : Guillermina Lozano,Arnold Jay Levine
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1621821331

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The P53 Protein by Guillermina Lozano,Arnold Jay Levine Pdf

Decades of research on the tumor suppressor p53 have revealed that it plays a significant role as a "guardian of the genome," protecting cells against genotoxic stress. In recent years, p53 research has begun to move into the clinic in attempts to understand how p53 is frequently inactivated in-and sometimes even promotes-human cancer. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine covers the rapid progress that has recently been made in basic and clinical research on p53. The contributors review new observations about its basic biology, providing updates on the functions of its isoforms and domains, the myriad stresses and signals that trigger its activation or repression, and its downstream effects on genome stability and the cell cycle that enforce tumor suppression in different cell and tissue types. They also discuss how p53 dysfunction contributes to cancer, exploring the various inherited and somatic mutations in the human TP53 gene, the impact of mutant p53 proteins on tumorigenesis, and the prognostic value and clinical outcomes of these mutations. Drugs that are being developed to respond to tumors harboring aberrant p53 are also described. This book is therefore essential reading for all cancer biologists, cell and molecular biologists, and pharmacologists concerned with the treatment of this disease.

Author : Mats Ehinger
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Cancer cells
ISBN : UOM:39015058220735

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On the Role of the Tumor Suppressor Gene P53 in Leukemic Cell Differentiation by Mats Ehinger Pdf

Author : Arnold Jay Levine,David P. Lane
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : p53 antioncogene
ISBN : 0879698306

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The P53 Family by Arnold Jay Levine,David P. Lane Pdf

This volume offers a comprehensive review of the functions of the p53 family. The contributors examine the normal roles of these transcription factors, their evolution, the regulatory mechanisms that control p53 activity, and the part played by p53 mutations in tumorigenesis.

Author : Sue Armstrong
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-20
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781472910530

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p53 by Sue Armstrong Pdf

All of us have lurking in our DNA a most remarkable gene, which has a crucial job – it protects us from cancer. Known simply as p53, this gene constantly scans our cells to ensure that they grow and divide without mishap, as part of the routine maintenance of our bodies. If a cell makes a mistake in copying its DNA during the process of division, p53 stops it in its tracks, summoning a repair team before allowing the cell to carry on dividing. If the mistake is irreparable and the rogue cell threatens to grow out of control, p53 commands the cell to commit suicide. Cancer cannot develop unless p53 itself is damaged or prevented from functioning normally. Perhaps unsurprisingly, p53 is the most studied single gene in history. This book tells the story of medical science's mission to unravel the mysteries of this crucial gene, and to get to the heart of what happens in our cells when they turn cancerous. Through the personal accounts of key researchers, p53: The Gene that Cracked the Cancer Code reveals the fascination of the quest for scientific understanding, as well as the huge excitement of the chase for new cures – the hype, the enthusiasm, the lost opportunities, the blind alleys, and the thrilling breakthroughs. And as the long-anticipated revolution in cancer treatment tailored to each individual patient's symptoms begins to take off at last, p53 remains at the cutting edge. This timely tale of scientific discovery highlights the tremendous recent advances made in our understanding of cancer, a disease that affects more than one in three of us at some point in our lives.

Author : Ayeda Ayed,Theodore Hupp
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2010-12-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781441982315

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p53 by Ayeda Ayed,Theodore Hupp Pdf

Our understanding of human cancer in the past 40 years has been driven by linking innovative concepts and cutting edge technologies to key problems identified by clinical research. Some of the successes in cancer genetics identified from clinical work have been the identification of specific gene deletions in human chromosomes, the use of PCR-based cloning methodologies to identify and clone human cancer genes, the validation of the human cancer genes using transgenetic technologies in the mouse, and the ability to sequence whole genomes that has recently allowed a collation of all somatic and germline mutations in a human genome. In the same generation, entirely different disciplines involved in basic life science research have used model organisms like yeast, flies, worms, and cancer causing animal viruses as tools to develop windows to see into the machinery of the cell life cycle. The discoveries of pro-apoptotic genes, oncogenes, and covalent control mechanisms like phosphorylation and ubiquitination using the tools of science and technology have all been awarded Nobel prizes for their contribution to our understanding of how cells work. The discovery of p53 using the tumor causing animal virus SV40 falls into this pioneering period of biological and medical research.

Author : Swati Palit Deb,Sumitra Deb
Publisher : Springer
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2014-09-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789401792110

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Mutant p53 and MDM2 in Cancer by Swati Palit Deb,Sumitra Deb Pdf

This book provides the readers with an overview of research on p53, which has been shown to play a role in numerous crucial biological pathways in normal and cancer cells. Leading scientist in the field, who have all made direct contributions to the understanding of the molecular events underpinning p53 function, have been invited to contribute the various chapters, which discuss the current knowledge of the signaling cascades that are activated by mutations in p53 and overexpression of MDM2, frequently found in human cancer and are major causes of oncogenesis. This book features chapters on the molecular basis of oncogenesis induced by gain of function mutation of p53, signaling pathways induced by MDM2 overexpression, control of mutant or wild-type p53 function by MDM2 and MDMX, p53 mutation in hereditary cancer and structural aspects that activate mutant p53 which can be targeted by drug therapy. This book should be useful for scientists at all levels.

Author : Robin Hesketh
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 608 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1997-07-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0080538002

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The Oncogene and Tumour Suppressor Gene Factsbook by Robin Hesketh Pdf

The Second Edition of The Oncogene and Tumour Suppressor Gene FactsBook has been completely revised, updated, and expanded by 60%. The book contains more than 80 entries on oncogenes including JUN, MYC, and RAS, as well as DNA tumour viruses, tumour suppressor genes, including p53, retinoblastoma, BRCA1, BRCA2, VHL, F2FL, and essential material on angiogenesis and metastasis, apoptosis, cell cycle control, and gene therapy. Includes much new data on this fast-moving field, including newly discovered oncogenes Summarizes the clinical association and molecular properties of all known oncogenes and tumor suppression genes Contains more than 2000 terms for reference and further research Revised to included signaling pathways, apoptosis, and metastasis

Author : Rui Kamada
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 82 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-07-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9784431541356

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Tetramer Stability and Functional Regulation of Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 by Rui Kamada Pdf

This thesis presents the first report of the comprehensive and quantitative analysis of the effects of tumor-derived mutations on the tetrameric structure of tumor suppressor protein p53, which plays a central role in maintaining genomic integrity. Inactivation of p53 via mutation of its gene is a key step in tumorigenesis. Biophysical analyses revealed that the stability of the mutant peptides varied widely. Formation of a tetrameric structure is to be critical for protein–protein interactions, DNA binding, and the post-translational modification of p53. A small destabilization of the tetrameric structure therefore could result in dysfunction of tumor suppressor activity. This work suggests that the threshold for loss of tumor suppressor activity, in terms of the disruption of p53’s tetrameric structure, could be extremely low. Furthermore, functional control of p53 via tetramer formation was demonstrated, based on the structure–function analysis of mutant p53. The results disclosed that relatively small changes in tetramer formation, induced by the stabilization or inhibition of homo-tetramerization, could control p53 function.

Author : Jan G. M. Klijn
Publisher : Elsevier Science & Technology
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015039923332

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Prognostic and Predictive Value of P53 by Jan G. M. Klijn Pdf

Hardbound. This first volume in the series, European School of Oncology Scientific Updates, deals with one of the most important genes in the molecular genetics of human cancer: p53.This cellular protein was discovered in 1979 by a number of investigators independently and alterations of p53 or its product are observed in about half of all cancers.In the early 1980s, several laboratories initially demonstrated dominant oncogenic activities of the gene. Then, in 1989, p53 was recognised as a classic tumour suppressor gene based on the results of various studies by different research groups.Since the detection of the gene and its product, various important functions have been described. The gene appears to be involved in cell cycle control, DNA repair, apoptosis, cellular differentiation, senescence and angiogenesis.In view of the rapidly increasing importance of p53, a Task Force Meeting was organised by the European School of Oncology

Author : Pierre Hainaut,Magali Olivier,Klas G. Wiman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2012-08-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461436768

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p53 in the Clinics by Pierre Hainaut,Magali Olivier,Klas G. Wiman Pdf

This project follows on the success of the book "25 years of p53", published by Springer in 2006. Since this publication, there have been considerable advances on the potential application of p53 into the clinics. The goal of this book is to capture these developments and to appeal to a clinical and medical audience beyond the one which was the primary target of "25 years of p53".