Paradoxes Of Post Mao Rural Reform

Author : Frederick C. Teiwes,Warren Sun
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2015-12-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317516163

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Paradoxes of Post-Mao Rural Reform by Frederick C. Teiwes,Warren Sun Pdf

The decollectivization of Chinese agriculture in the early post-Mao period is widely recognized as a critical part of the overall reform program. But the political process leading to this outcome is poorly understood. A number of approaches have dominated the existing literature: 1) a power/policy struggle between Hua Guofeng’s alleged neo-Maoists and Deng Xiaoping’s reform coalition; 2) the power of the peasants; and 3) the leading role of provincial reformers. The first has no validity, while second and third must be viewed through more complex lenses. This study provides a new interpretation challenging conventional wisdom. Its key finding is that a game changer emerged in spring 1980 at the time Deng replaced Hua as CCP leader, but the significant change in policy was not a product of any clash between these two leaders. Instead, Deng endorsed Zhao Ziyang’s policy initiative that shifted emphasis away from Hua’s pro-peasant policy of increased resources to the countryside, to a pro-state policy that reduced the rural burden on national coffers. To replace the financial resources, policy measures including household farming were implemented with considerable provincial variations. The major unexpected production increases in 1982 confirmed the arrival of decollectivization as the template on the ground. The dynamics of this policy change has never been adequately explained. Paradoxes of Post-Mao Rural Reform offers a deep empirical study of critical developments involving politics from the highest levels in Beijing to China’s villages, and in the process challenges many broader accepted interpretations of the politics of reform. It is essential reading for students and scholars of contemporary Chinese political history.

Author : Merle Goldman,Roderick MacFarquhar
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : History
ISBN : 0674654536

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The Paradox of China's Post-Mao Reforms by Merle Goldman,Roderick MacFarquhar Pdf

China's bold program of reforms launched in the late 1970s--the move to a market economy and the opening to the outside world--ended the political chaos and economic stagnation of the Cultural Revolution and sparked China's unprecedented economic boom. Yet, while the reforms made possible a rising standard of living for the majority of China's population, they came at the cost of a weakening central government, increasing inequalities, and fragmenting society. The essays of Barry Naughton, Joseph Fewsmith, Paul H. B. Godwin, Murray Scot Tanner, Lianjiang Li and Kevin J. O'Brien, Tianjian Shi, Martin King Whyte, Thomas P. Bernstein, Dorothy J. Solinger, David S. G. Goodman, Kristen Parris, Merle Goldman, Elizabeth J. Perry, and Richard Baum and Alexei Shevchenko analyze the contradictory impact of China's economic reforms on its political system and social structure. They explore the changing patterns of the relationship between state and society that may have more profound significance for China than all the revolutionary movements that have convulsed it through most of the twentieth century.

Author : Ling Zhu,Zhu Ling
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0312053258

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Rural Reform and Peasant Income in China by Ling Zhu,Zhu Ling Pdf

Author : Ling Zhu,Zhu Ling
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Agricultural wages
ISBN : 0333497449

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Rural Reform and Peasant Income in China by Ling Zhu,Zhu Ling Pdf

Author : Joshua Eisenman
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 427 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2018-04-24
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780231546751

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Red China's Green Revolution by Joshua Eisenman Pdf

China’s dismantling of the Mao-era rural commune system and return to individual household farming under Deng Xiaoping has been seen as a successful turn away from a misguided social experiment and a rejection of the disastrous policies that produced widespread famine. In this revisionist study, Joshua Eisenman marshals previously inaccessible data to overturn this narrative, showing that the commune modernized agriculture, increased productivity, and spurred an agricultural green revolution that laid the foundation for China’s future rapid growth. Red China’s Green Revolution tells the story of the commune’s origins, evolution, and downfall, demonstrating its role in China’s economic ascendance. After 1970, the commune emerged as a hybrid institution, including both collective and private elements, with a high degree of local control over economic decision but almost no say over political ones. It had an integrated agricultural research and extension system that promoted agricultural modernization and collectively owned local enterprises and small factories that spread rural industrialization. The commune transmitted Mao’s collectivist ideology and enforced collective isolation so it could overwork and underpay its households. Eisenman argues that the commune was eliminated not because it was unproductive, but because it was politically undesirable: it was the post-Mao leadership led by Deng Xiaoping—not rural residents—who chose to abandon the commune in order to consolidate their control over China. Based on detailed and systematic national, provincial, and county-level data, as well as interviews with agricultural experts and former commune members, Red China’s Green Revolution is a comprehensive historical and social scientific analysis that fundamentally challenges our understanding of recent Chinese economic history.

Author : Daniel Leese,Amanda Shuman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2023-09-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781009261296

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Justice After Mao by Daniel Leese,Amanda Shuman Pdf

A ground-breaking collection addressing historical justice post-Mao through issues of property, rehabilitation, reconciliation, and memory.

Author : Julian Gewirtz
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2017-01-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780674971134

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Unlikely Partners by Julian Gewirtz Pdf

With Deng Xiaoping’s blessing, Mao’s successors scoured the globe for fresh ideas to launch domestic prosperity and global economic power. Yet China’s government did not publicize its engagement with Western-style innovations, claiming instead that economic reinvention was the Party’s achievement alone. Julian Gewirtz sets forth the truer story.

Author : Jia Gao,Yuanyuan Su
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Social mobility
ISBN : 9781786432599

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Social Mobilisation in Post-Industrial China by Jia Gao,Yuanyuan Su Pdf

In recent years China has experienced intense economic development. Previously a rapidly urbanising industrial economy, the country has become a post-industrial economy with a service sector that accounts for almost half the nation’s GDP. This transformation has created many socio-political changes, but key among them is social mobilisation. This book provides a full and systematic analysis of social mobilisation in China, and how its use as part of state capacity has evolved.

Author : William A. Joseph
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 705 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2024
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780197683200

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Politics in China by William A. Joseph Pdf

Politics in China is an authoritative introduction to how the world's second most populous nation and rapidly rising global power is governed today. Written by leading China scholars, each chapter offers an accessible overview of a key topic in Chinese politics. The fourth edition of Politics in China has been thoroughly updated and includes a new chapter on the rise and rule of Xi Jinping. It is essential reading not only for students studying the PRC, but also for any reader interested in learning how China has evolved in recent times, how its political system works, and about the most important challenges it faces in years ahead.

Author : Jude Blanchette
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2019-05-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190605865

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China's New Red Guards by Jude Blanchette Pdf

Ever since Deng Xiaoping effectively de-radicalized China in the 1980s, there have been many debates about which path China would follow. Would it democratize? Would it embrace capitalism? Would the Communist Party's rule be able to withstand the adoption and spread of the Internet? One debate that did not occur in any serious way, however, was whether Mao Zedong would make a political comeback. As Jude Blanchette details in China's New Red Guards, contemporary China is undergoing a revival of an unapologetic embrace of extreme authoritarianism that draws direct inspiration from the Mao era. Under current Chinese leader Xi Jinping, state control over the economy is increasing, civil society is under sustained attack, and the CCP is expanding its reach in unprecedented new ways. As Xi declared in late 2017, "Government, military, society and schools, north, south, east and west-the party is the leader of all." But this trend is reinforced by a bottom-up revolt against Western ideas of modernity, including political pluralism, the rule of law, and the free market economy. Centered around a cast of nationalist intellectuals and activists who have helped unleash a wave of populist enthusiasm for the Great Helmsman's policies, China's New Red Guards not only will reshape our understanding of the political forces driving contemporary China, it will also demonstrate how ideologies can survive and prosper despite pervasive rumors of their demise.

Author : Klaus Mühlhahn
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2019-01-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674916074

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Making China Modern by Klaus Mühlhahn Pdf

“Chronicles reforms, revolutions, and wars through the lens of institutions, often rebutting Western impressions...[And] warns against thinking of China’s economic success as proof of a unique path without contextualizing it in historical specifics.” —New Yorker “This thoughtful, probing interpretation is a worthy successor to the famous histories of Fairbank and Spence and will be read by all students and scholars of modern China.” —William C. Kirby, coauthor of Can China Lead? It is tempting to attribute the rise of China’s to recent changes in political leadership and economic policy. But China has had a long history of creative adaptation and it would be a mistake to think that its current trajectory began with Deng Xiaoping. In the mid-eighteenth century, when the Qing Empire reached the height of its power, China dominated a third of the world’s population. Then, as the Opium Wars threatened the nation’s sovereignty and the Taiping Rebellion ripped the country apart, China found itself verging on free fall. In the twentieth century China managed a surprising recovery, rapidly undergoing profound economic and social change, buttressed by technological progress. A dynamic story of crisis and recovery, failures and triumphs, Making China Modern explores the versatility and resourcefulness that has guaranteed China’s survival in the past, and is now fueling its future.

Author : Julian Gewirtz
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : China
ISBN : 9780674241848

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Never Turn Back by Julian Gewirtz Pdf

The 1980s saw spirited debate in China, as officials and the public pressed for economic and political liberalization. But after Tiananmen, the Communist Party erased the reform debate from memory. Julian Gewirtz shows how the leadership expunged alternative visions of China's future and set the stage for the policing of history under Xi Jinping.

Author : Tony Saich
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 561 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2021-07-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674988118

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From Rebel to Ruler by Tony Saich Pdf

On the centennial of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party, the definitive history of how Mao and his successors overcame incredible odds to gain and keep power. Mao Zedong and the twelve other young men who founded the Chinese Communist Party in 1921 could hardly have imagined that less than thirty years later they would be rulers. On its hundredth anniversary, the party remains in command, leading a nation primed for global dominance. Tony Saich tells the authoritative, comprehensive story of the Chinese Communist PartyÑits rise to power against incredible odds, its struggle to consolidate rule and overcome self-inflicted disasters, and its thriving amid other Communist partiesÕ collapse. Saich argues that the brutal Japanese invasion in the 1930s actually helped the party. As the Communists retreated into the countryside, they established themselves as the populist, grassroots alternative to the Nationalists, gaining the support they would need to triumph in the civil war. Once in power, however, the Communists faced the difficult task of learning how to rule. Saich examines the devastating economic consequences of MaoÕs Great Leap Forward and the political chaos of the Cultural Revolution, as well as the partyÕs rebound under Deng XiaopingÕs reforms. Leninist systems are thought to be rigid, yet the Chinese Communist Party has proved adaptable. From Rebel to Ruler shows that the party owes its endurance to its flexibility. But is it nimble enough to realize Xi JinpingÕs ÒChina DreamÓ? Challenges are multiplying, as the growing middle class makes new demands on the state and the ideological retreat from communism draws the party further from its revolutionary roots. The legacy of the party may be secure, but its future is anything but guaranteed.

Author : Kerry Brown
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-19
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781350311343

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Contemporary China by Kerry Brown Pdf

The third edition of this concise core textbook offers students a comprehensive introduction to the politics, economy, culture and society of modern China, while grounding all of these areas in the context of China's recent history in the 19th and 20th centuries. Fully up to date, this accessible text examines the key developments that are taking place in China and that are shaping its place in the world today, from relations with Trump's United States and post-Brexit Britain, to the use of the internet to crack down on dissent and the establishment of 'Xi Jinping thought' at the 19th Party Congress. Authored by a highly-regarded expert on the topic, this is the essential guide to a country that is no longer just emerging but one which has, in many respects, already emerged as one of the leading powers of the 21st century. The book is an ideal introductory text for undergraduate and postgraduate courses on China studies and contemporary China, regardless of whether students approach the topic from a political, historical, sociological, cultural or geographical viewpoint. It can also be used on modules focussing more specifically on Chinese politics, Chinese history or Chinese society. New to this Edition: - Fully revised and updated throughout, including discussions of Chinese-US relations in the era of Trump, the 2017 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and descriptions of the newest high-ranking figures in Chinese politics - New boxed features highlighting important issues and organisations, including the status of women in China, the telecoms company Huawei, and the on-going conflict over the South and East China Sea - References to the most recent research in the field, along with new recommendations for further reading for each chapter

Author : Gilles Guiheux
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2023-05-18
Category : History
ISBN : 9781509552511

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Contemporary China by Gilles Guiheux Pdf

With a population of nearly 1.5 billion and the world’s second largest economy, China is a major player in the world today, and yet many in the West know very little about contemporary China. This book provides a clear, authoritative and up-to-date history of China since 1949, drawing on extensive research to describe and explain the key developments and to dispel the many myths and misconceptions surrounding this twenty-first-century superpower. In contrast to many commentators who overstate the novelty of the Communist regime, Guiheux emphasizes instead its complex political heritage, highlighting the many continuities it shares with the reformers and revolutionaries of the early twentieth century. At the same time, the ability of China’s authoritarian regime to transform the economy and society is key to understanding its breakneck trajectory of modernization – an ability that, as Guiheux explains, far outweighed the importance and effectiveness of Mao’s utopian vision. Guiheux also aims to ‘de-exoticize’ China. While not on the path of a Western-style modernity, China has experienced the same phenomena that have characterized every historical process of modernization: industrialization, urbanization, bureaucratization and globalization. This expertly researched history of the People’s Republic of China will be essential reading for all students and scholars of Chinese history and politics, and for anyone interested in contemporary China.