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Author : Christian E. Weller
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Retirement income
ISBN : IND:30000111197970
Examines social security benefits within the context of other retirement savings programme.
Author : Henry Aaron
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 97 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2010-12-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780815707349
The social security system affects people throughout most of their lives, at work and in retirement. The supposed effects of social security on saving, labor supply, and the distribution of income figure prominently in current debates about whether and how to change the system. Theorists have developed alternative analytical frameworks for studying social security, but all involve extreme assumptions introduced for the sake of analytical tractability. Each study seems to describe the behavior of some, but not all or even most people. The shortcomings of available data have created additional roadblocks. As a result, the effects of social security on saving and labor supply are difficult to measure, and how such a complex system influences behavior is not at all well understood. Yet decisions on social security cannot be avoided. If analysts cannot agree, policymakers are likely to increase the weight they attach to perceptions of equity, adequacy of benefits, fairness of taxes, and similar qualitative considerations. Hence it is desirable for lay observers to understand the framework that analysts use and the reasons why there is so much uncertainty. This book sheds light on social security issues by examining evidence from economic studies about how the system affects saving, labor supply, and income distribution. It shows that these studies provide little evidence to support or refute assertions that social security has reduced saving, but they do indicate that it has contributed to the trend toward early retirement. The author finds that the aged are now about as well off on the average as the general population and that social security has played a considerable role in bringing about this equality. This volume is the sixteenth in the second series of Brookings Studies of Government Finance.
Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Committee on Population,Panel on a Research Agenda and New Data for an Aging World
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2001-06-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309170871
Aging is a process that encompasses virtually all aspects of life. Because the speed of population aging is accelerating, and because the data needed to study the aging process are complex and expensive to obtain, it is imperative that countries coordinate their research efforts to reap the most benefits from this important information. Preparing for an Aging World looks at the behavioral and socioeconomic aspects of aging, and focuses on work, retirement, and pensions; wealth and savings behavior; health and disability; intergenerational transfers; and concepts of well-being. It makes recommendations for a collection of new, cross-national data on aging populationsâ€"data that will allow nations to develop policies and programs for addressing the major shifts in population age structure now occurring. These efforts, if made internationally, would advance our understanding of the aging process around the world.
Author : Alan L. Gustman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Health insurance
ISBN : UOM:39015038617406
Together, pensions, social security and health insurance account for half of the wealth held by all households in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), for 60 percent of total wealth of HRS households who are in the 45th to 55th wealth percentiles, and even for 48 percent of wealth for those in the 90th to 95th wealth percentiles. The HRS surveys households aged 51 to 61 in 1992, and obtains pension plan descriptions from respondents' employers. Pension accrual profiles, income and wealth distributions by type, wealth-income ratios and accrued wealth by pension status are also explored.
Author : Kathleen McGarry,Andrew Davenport
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Pensions
ISBN : UOM:39015041250914
Despite the enormous gains in the economic well-being of the elderly, and the progressivity of the Social Security benefit schedule, there remains substantial inequality in financial resources. In this paper we use data from the Health and Retirement Survey to examine the distribution of pension wealth in relation to other private wealth. We pay particular attention to differences by sex and race. We find that men are approximately 50 percent more likely to have pensions than are women, and conditional on having a pension, the mean value for men is twice as great as that for women. These differences remain significant even when factors such as industry, occupation, and tenure are controlled for. Differences by race are smaller than differences by sex but are still significant. We find further that pension wealth is slightly more equally distributed than is other private wealth, however, adding pension wealth to net worth has only small effects on overall inequality, and these effects are distributed unequally across groups. Single women, in particular, fare worse when pension wealth is included as part of total wealth. In addition to these results, the paper describes in detail the assumptions necessary to calculate pension wealth from the data available in the HRS. We hope this description will lead to a discussion of the most appropriate assumptions to be made in these calculations, and to a standard set of pension wealth variables.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2024-07-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781428943063
Author : Jonathan Gruber,David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 752 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2009-02-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780226309989
Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World represents the second stage of an ongoing research project studying the relationship between social security and labor. In the first volume, Jonathan Gruber and David A. Wise revealed enormous disincentives to continued work at older ages in developed countries. Provisions of many social security programs typically encourage retirement by reducing pay for work, inducing older employees to leave the labor force early and magnifying the financial burden caused by an aging population. At a certain age there is simply no financial benefit to continuing to work. In this volume, the authors turn to a country-by-country analysis of retirement behavior based on micro-data. The result of research compiled by teams in twelve countries, the volume shows an almost uniform correlation between levels of social security incentives and retirement behavior in each country. The estimates also show that the effect is strikingly uniform in countries with very different cultural histories, labor market institutions, and other social characteristics.
Author : Louis Dicks-Mireaux,Mervyn A. King
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Great Britain
ISBN : IND:39000001777064
A substantial literature exists on the impact of pension schemes, both public and private, on the level of household saving. Yet there is no clear consensus on the impact of pensions on private saving. In this paper we show how beliefs about this displacement effect are modified by prior beliefs both about variables which ntight be relevant in an equation for private savings and about the magnitude of the displacement effect. Using data for 8,279 Canadian households, and estimates of pension wealth (both private and social security) which we construct for each household in the sample, the estimated displacement effects are found to be relatively robust with respect to both types of prior belief.
Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications,Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-10
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309261968
The United States is in the midst of a major demographic shift. In the coming decades, people aged 65 and over will make up an increasingly large percentage of the population: The ratio of people aged 65+ to people aged 20-64 will rise by 80%. This shift is happening for two reasons: people are living longer, and many couples are choosing to have fewer children and to have those children somewhat later in life. The resulting demographic shift will present the nation with economic challenges, both to absorb the costs and to leverage the benefits of an aging population. Aging and the Macroeconomy: Long-Term Implications of an Older Population presents the fundamental factors driving the aging of the U.S. population, as well as its societal implications and likely long-term macroeconomic effects in a global context. The report finds that, while population aging does not pose an insurmountable challenge to the nation, it is imperative that sensible policies are implemented soon to allow companies and households to respond. It offers four practical approaches for preparing resources to support the future consumption of households and for adapting to the new economic landscape.
Author : C. Gillion,International Labour Office
Publisher : International Labor Office
Page : 808 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015050247504
By providing a balanced assessment and factual review of the praticalities and structure behind various pension schemes around the world, this book assists decision-makers in forming effective, viable pension policy.
Author : Susan M. Wachter
Publisher : Free Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105038401027
Author : Marcy Avrin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Income distribution
ISBN : CORNELL:31924000947568
Author : Whitehouse Edward
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822035469121
The accurate presentation of a country's pension system and the comparison of pension systems across countries are crucial parts of policy analysis and reform. This is equally valid for high-income countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development as it is for low- and middle-income countries. Pensions Panorama provides a compendium of facts and analysis that should inform policy making and public debate about retirement-income systems around the world. Reforming pensions is a central policy issue for all countries; it is challenging and controversial because it involves long-term planning by governments that face numerous short-term pressures. Pensions Panorama, combines painstaking, rigorous analysis with a clear, easy-to-understand presentation of empirical results. The analysis presented can inform debates on retirement-income systems. A core concern is social sustainability, which involves the future adequacy of pension benefits, the impact of pension reforms on income distribution among older peoples, and the means to combat old-age poverty.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2024-07-03
Category : Income
ISBN : IND:30000085269029
Author : George Katona
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1965
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015072109013