Perception And Cognition Interactions In The Aging Brain

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Perception and Cognition: Interactions in the Aging Brain

Harriet A. Allen,Katherine L. Roberts
Perception and Cognition Interactions in the Aging Brain Book PDF

Author : Harriet A. Allen,Katherine L. Roberts
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2016-09-13
Category : Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
ISBN : 9782889199372

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Perception and Cognition: Interactions in the Aging Brain by Harriet A. Allen,Katherine L. Roberts Pdf

Healthy ageing can lead to declines in both perceptual and cognitive functions. Impaired perception, such as that resulting from hearing loss or reduced visual or tactile resolution, increases demands on ‘higher-level’ cognitive functions to cope or compensate. It is possible, for example, to use focused attention to overcome perceptual limitations. Unfortunately, cognitive functions also decline in old age. This can mean that perceptual impairments are exacerbated by cognitive decline, and vice versa, but also means that interventions aimed at one type of decline can lead to improvements in the other. Just as improved cognition can ameliorate perceptual deficits, improving the stimulus can help offset cognitive deficits. For example, making directions and routes easy to follow can help compensate for declines in navigation abilities. In this Topic, we bring together papers from both auditory and visual researchers that address the interaction between perception and cognition in the ageing brain. Many of the studies demonstrate that a broadening of representations or increased reliance on gist underlie perceptual and cognitive age-related declines. There is also clear evidence that impaired perception is associated with poor cognition although, encouragingly, it can also be seen that good perception is associated with better cognition. Compensatory cognitive strategies were less successful in improving perception than might be expected. We also present papers which highlight important methodological considerations that are required when studying the older brain.

Perception and Cognition: Interactions in the Ageing Brain

Anonim
Perception and Cognition Interactions in the Ageing Brain Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1368438279

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Perception and Cognition: Interactions in the Ageing Brain by Anonim Pdf

Healthy ageing can lead to declines in both perceptual and cognitive functions. Impaired perception, such as that resulting from hearing loss or reduced visual or tactile resolution, increases demands on 'higher-level' cognitive functions to cope or compensate. It is possible, for example, to use focused attention to overcome perceptual limitations. Unfortunately, cognitive functions also decline in old age. This can mean that perceptual impairments are exacerbated by cognitive decline, and vice versa, but also means that interventions aimed at one type of decline can lead to improvements in the other. Just as improved cognition can ameliorate perceptual deficits, improving the stimulus can help offset cognitive deficits. For example, making directions and routes easy to follow can help compensate for declines in navigation abilities. In this Topic, we bring together papers from both auditory and visual researchers that address the interaction between perception and cognition in the ageing brain. Many of the studies demonstrate that a broadening of representations or increased reliance on gist underlie perceptual and cognitive age-related declines. There is also clear evidence that impaired perception is associated with poor cognition although, encouragingly, it can also be seen that good perception is associated with better cognition. Compensatory cognitive strategies were less successful in improving perception than might be expected. We also present papers which highlight important methodological considerations that are required when studying the older brain.

Measuring the Mind

John Duncan,Peter McLeod,Louise H. Phillips
Measuring the Mind Book PDF

Author : John Duncan,Peter McLeod,Louise H. Phillips
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2005-09-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780198566410

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Measuring the Mind by John Duncan,Peter McLeod,Louise H. Phillips Pdf

Section I: Reaction time and mental speed 1. Ageing and response times: a comparison of sequential sampling models, Roger Ratcliff, Anjali Thapar, Philip L. Smith & Gail McKoon 2. Inconsistency in response time as an indicator of cognitive ageing, David F. Hultsch, Michael A. Hunter, Stuart W. S. MacDonald & Esther Strauss 3. Ageing and the ability to ignore irrelevant information in visual search and enumeration tasks, Elizabeth A. Maylor & Derrick G. Watson 4. Individual differences and cognitive models of the mind: using the differentiation hypothesis to distinguish general and specific cognitive processes, Mike Anderson & Jeff Nelson 5. Reaction time parameters, intelligence aging and death: the West of Scotland Twenty-07 study, Ian J. Deary & Geoff Der 6. The wrong tree: time perception and time experience in the elderly, John Wearden Section II: Cognitive control and frontal lobe function 7. The chronometrics of task-set control, Stephen Monsell 8. An evaluation of the frontal lobe theory of cognitive ageing, Louise H. Phillips & Julie D. Henry 9. The gateway hypothesis of rostral prefrontal cortex (area 10) function, Paul W. Burgess, Jon S. Simons, Iroise Dumontheil & Sam J. Gilbert 10. Prefrontal cortex and Spearman's g, John Duncan Section III: Memory and age 11. On reducing age-related declines in memory and executive control, Fergus I. M. Craik 12. Working memory and ageing, Alan Baddeley, Hilary Baddeley, Dino Chincotta, Simona Luzzi & Christobel Meikle 13. The own-age effect in face recognition, Timothy J. Perfect & Helen C. Moon Section IV: Real-world cognition 14. Cognitive ethology: giving real life to attention research, Alan Kingstone, Daniel Smilek, Elina Birmingham, Dave Cameron & Walter Bischof 15. Are automated actions beyond conscious access?, Peter McLeod, Peter Sommerville & Nick Reed 16. Operator functional state: the prediction of breakdown in human performance, Robert J. Hockey

The Aging Mind

National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Future Directions for Cognitive Research on Aging
The Aging Mind Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Future Directions for Cognitive Research on Aging
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2000-04-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0309172195

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The Aging Mind by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Future Directions for Cognitive Research on Aging Pdf

Possible new breakthroughs in understanding the aging mind that can be used to benefit older people are now emerging from research. This volume identifies the key scientific advances and the opportunities they bring. For example, science has learned that among older adults who do not suffer from Alzheimer’s disease or other dementias, cognitive decline may depend less on loss of brain cells than on changes in the health of neurons and neural networks. Research on the processes that maintain neural health shows promise of revealing new ways to promote cognitive functioning in older people. Research is also showing how cognitive functioning depends on the conjunction of biology and culture. The ways older people adapt to changes in their nervous systems, and perhaps the changes themselves, are shaped by past life experiences, present living situations, changing motives, cultural expectations, and emerging technology, as well as by their physical health status and sensory-motor capabilities. Improved understanding of how physical and contextual factors interact can help explain why some cognitive functions are impaired in aging while others are spared and why cognitive capability is impaired in some older adults and spared in others. On the basis of these exciting findings, the report makes specific recommends that the U.S. government support three major new initiatives as the next steps for research.

The Handbook of Aging and Cognition

Fergus I. M. Craik,Timothy A. Salthouse
The Handbook of Aging and Cognition Book PDF

Author : Fergus I. M. Craik,Timothy A. Salthouse
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 608 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Psychology
ISBN : UOM:39015045641803

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The Handbook of Aging and Cognition by Fergus I. M. Craik,Timothy A. Salthouse Pdf

The study of age-related changes in cognitive processes is flourishing as never before, making the area an exciting one for a growing number of researchers. In addition, cognitive aging research is moving out from its traditional roots in experimental and developmental psychology -- creating increased contact with cognitive neuropsychology and cognitive neuroscience. To reflect these changes in the field, this volume includes chapters on abnormal aging, the neuroscience of aging, and applied cognitive psychology along with the core section on basic cognitive processes. While other recent compilations of research in this area have given relatively brief overviews of the literature, the contributors were given space to review each topic in depth, asked to evaluate the field -- not simply their own contributions -- and to provide critical commentaries from their personal perspectives. Couched most often in terms of cognitive or information-processing models, the general perspective of the contributors is a biologically-based account of aging. This shared viewpoint gives the volume particular coherence in its treatment of theories and data. Topics covered include age differences in attention, perception, memory, knowledge representation, reasoning, and language as well as their neuropsychological and neurological correlates and practical implications.

Cognitive and Brain Aging: Interventions to Promote Well-Being in Old Age. Roadmap for Interventions Preventing Cognitive Aging

Pamela M. Greenwood,Carryl L. Baldwin,Thomas Espeseth,James Campbell Thompson,Xiong Jiang,Philip P. Foster
Cognitive and Brain Aging Interventions to Promote Well Being in Old Age Roadmap for Interventions Preventing Cognitive Aging Book PDF

Author : Pamela M. Greenwood,Carryl L. Baldwin,Thomas Espeseth,James Campbell Thompson,Xiong Jiang,Philip P. Foster
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1368422767

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Cognitive and Brain Aging: Interventions to Promote Well-Being in Old Age. Roadmap for Interventions Preventing Cognitive Aging by Pamela M. Greenwood,Carryl L. Baldwin,Thomas Espeseth,James Campbell Thompson,Xiong Jiang,Philip P. Foster Pdf

The field of cognitive aging has evolved from a focus on cataloging age-related declines of brain and mind in healthy older people to a focus on interventions aimed at limiting those declines. Intervention research has obtained convincing evidence of the cognitive benefits of aerobic exercise and working memory training. Recently interest has broadened to include interventions that consider the social and physical environment of the aged individual. Examples of this are investigations of training cognitive-motor integration, interventions to reduce loneliness, mindfulness training, and human factors-based approaches to cognitive deficits. Such approaches move beyond targeting specific abilities in isolation to consider more broadly the overall well-being of the healthy older person. In this Research Topic we call for both empirical and review papers that consider interventions aimed at reducing cognitive and brain aging but also approaches that consider older individuals (animal and human) in their physical and social environment.

Cognitive Aging

Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Public Health Dimensions of Cognitive Aging
Cognitive Aging Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Public Health Dimensions of Cognitive Aging
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2015-07-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309368650

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Cognitive Aging by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Public Health Dimensions of Cognitive Aging Pdf

For most Americans, staying "mentally sharp" as they age is a very high priority. Declines in memory and decision-making abilities may trigger fears of Alzheimer's disease or other neurodegenerative diseases. However, cognitive aging is a natural process that can have both positive and negative effects on cognitive function in older adults - effects that vary widely among individuals. At this point in time, when the older population is rapidly growing in the United States and across the globe, it is important to examine what is known about cognitive aging and to identify and promote actions that individuals, organizations, communities, and society can take to help older adults maintain and improve their cognitive health. Cognitive Aging assesses the public health dimensions of cognitive aging with an emphasis on definitions and terminology, epidemiology and surveillance, prevention and intervention, education of health professionals, and public awareness and education. This report makes specific recommendations for individuals to reduce the risks of cognitive decline with aging. Aging is inevitable, but there are actions that can be taken by individuals, families, communities, and society that may help to prevent or ameliorate the impact of aging on the brain, understand more about its impact, and help older adults live more fully and independent lives. Cognitive aging is not just an individual or a family or a health care system challenge. It is an issue that affects the fabric of society and requires actions by many and varied stakeholders. Cognitive Aging offers clear steps that individuals, families, communities, health care providers and systems, financial organizations, community groups, public health agencies, and others can take to promote cognitive health and to help older adults live fuller and more independent lives. Ultimately, this report calls for a societal commitment to cognitive aging as a public health issue that requires prompt action across many sectors.

Brain Aging

David R. Riddle
Brain Aging Book PDF

Author : David R. Riddle
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2007-04-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1420005529

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Brain Aging by David R. Riddle Pdf

Recognition that aging is not the accumulation of disease, but rather comprises fundamental biological processes that are amenable to experimental study, is the basis for the recent growth of experimental biogerontology. As increasingly sophisticated studies provide greater understanding of what occurs in the aging brain and how these changes occur

The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes

Micah M. Murray,Mark T. Wallace
The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes Book PDF

Author : Micah M. Murray,Mark T. Wallace
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 800 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2011-08-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781439812174

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The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes by Micah M. Murray,Mark T. Wallace Pdf

It has become accepted in the neuroscience community that perception and performance are quintessentially multisensory by nature. Using the full palette of modern brain imaging and neuroscience methods, The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes details current understanding in the neural bases for these phenomena as studied across species, stages of development, and clinical statuses. Organized thematically into nine sub-sections, the book is a collection of contributions by leading scientists in the field. Chapters build generally from basic to applied, allowing readers to ascertain how fundamental science informs the clinical and applied sciences. Topics discussed include: Anatomy, essential for understanding the neural substrates of multisensory processing Neurophysiological bases and how multisensory stimuli can dramatically change the encoding processes for sensory information Combinatorial principles and modeling, focusing on efforts to gain a better mechanistic handle on multisensory operations and their network dynamics Development and plasticity Clinical manifestations and how perception and action are affected by altered sensory experience Attention and spatial representations The last sections of the book focus on naturalistic multisensory processes in three separate contexts: motion signals, multisensory contributions to the perception and generation of communication signals, and how the perception of flavor is generated. The text provides a solid introduction for newcomers and a strong overview of the current state of the field for experts.

Current Research and Emerging Directions in Emotion-Cognition Interactions

Florin Dolcos,Lihong Wang,Mara Mather
Current Research and Emerging Directions in Emotion Cognition Interactions Book PDF

Author : Florin Dolcos,Lihong Wang,Mara Mather
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 741 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2015-03-02
Category : Emotions and cognition
ISBN : 9782889194384

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Current Research and Emerging Directions in Emotion-Cognition Interactions by Florin Dolcos,Lihong Wang,Mara Mather Pdf

Emotion can impact various aspects of our cognition and behavior, by enhancing or impairing them (e.g., enhanced attention to and memory for emotional events, or increased distraction produced by goal-irrelevant emotional information). On the other hand, emotion processing is also susceptible to cognitive influences, typically exerted in the form of cognitive control of motion, or emotion regulation. Despite important recent progress in understanding emotion- cognition interactions, a number of aspects remain unclear. The present book comprises a collection of manuscripts discussing emerging evidence regarding the mechanisms underlying emotion- cognition interactions in healthy functioning and alterations associated with clinical conditions, in which such interactions are dysfunctional. Initiated with a more restricted focus, targeting (1) identification and in depth analysis of the circumstances in which emotion enhances or impairs cognition and (2)identification of the role of individual differences in these effects, our book has emerged into a comprehensive collection of outstanding contributions investigating emotion-cognition interactions, based on approaches spanning from behavioral and lesion to pharmacological and brain imaging, and including empirical, theoretical, and review papers alike. Co-hosted by the Frontiers in Neuroscience - Integrative Neuroscience and Frontiers in Psychology - Emotion Science, the contributions comprising our book and the associated research topic are grouped around the following seven main themes, distributed across the two hosting journals: I. Emotion and Selectivity in Attention and Memory; II. The Impact of Emotional Distraction; Linking Enhancing and Impairing Effects of Emotion; III. What Really is the Role of the Amygdala?; IV. Age Differences in Emotion Processing; The Role of Emotional Valence; V. Affective Face Processing, Social Cognition, and Personality Neuroscience; VI. Stress, Mood, Emotion, and the Prefrontal Cortex; The Role of Control in the Stress Response; VII. Emotion-Cognition Interactions in Clinical Conditions. As illustrated by the present collection of contributions, emotion-cognition interactions can be identified at different levels of processing, from perception and attention to long- term memory, decision making processes, and social cognition and behavior. Notably, these effects are subject to individual differences that may affect the way we perceive, experience, and remember emotional experiences, or cope with emotionally challenging situations. Moreover, these opposing effects tend to co-occur in affective disorders, such as depression and PTSD, where uncontrolled recollection of and rumination on distressing memories also lead to impaired cognition due to emotional distraction. Understanding the nature and neural mechanisms of these effects is critical, as their exacerbation and co-occurrence in clinical conditions lead to devastating effects and debilitation. Hence, bringing together such diverse contributions has allowed not only an integrative understanding of the current extant evidence but also identification of emerging directions and concrete venues for future investigations.

Cognitive Aging

Denise C. Park,Norbert Schwarz
Cognitive Aging Book PDF

Author : Denise C. Park,Norbert Schwarz
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780863776922

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Cognitive Aging by Denise C. Park,Norbert Schwarz Pdf

First Published in 2000. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Neural Plasticity and Memory

Federico Bermudez-Rattoni
Neural Plasticity and Memory Book PDF

Author : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2007-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 1420008412

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Neural Plasticity and Memory by Federico Bermudez-Rattoni Pdf

A comprehensive, multidisciplinary review, Neural Plasticity and Memory: From Genes to Brain Imaging provides an in-depth, up-to-date analysis of the study of the neurobiology of memory. Leading specialists share their scientific experience in the field, covering a wide range of topics where molecular, genetic, behavioral, and brain imaging techniques have been used to investigate how cellular and brain circuits may be modified by experience. In each chapter, researchers present findings and explain their innovative methodologies. The book begins by introducing key issues and providing a historical overview of the field of memory consolidation. The following chapters review the putative genetic and molecular mechanisms of cell plasticity, elaborating on how experience could induce gene and protein expression and describing their role in synaptic plasticity underlying memory formation. They explore how putative modifications of brain circuits and synaptic elements through experience can become relatively permanent and hence improve brain function. Interdisciplinary reviews focus on how nerve cell circuitry, molecular expression, neurotransmitter release, and electrical activity are modified during the acquisition and consolidation of long-term memory. The book also covers receptor activation/deactivation by different neurotransmitters that enable the intracellular activation of second messengers during memory formation. It concludes with a summary of current research on the modulation and regulation that different neurotransmitters and stress hormones have on formation and consolidation of memory.

Exercise-Cognition Interaction

Terry McMorris
Exercise Cognition Interaction Book PDF

Author : Terry McMorris
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2015-11-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780128011485

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Exercise-Cognition Interaction by Terry McMorris Pdf

Exercise-Cognition Interaction: Neuroscience Perspectives is the only book on the market that examines the neuroscientific correlation between exercise and cognitive functioning. The upsurge in research in recent years has confirmed that cognitive-psychology theory cannot account for the effects of exercise on cognition, and both acute and chronic exercise effect neurochemical and psychophysiological changes in the brain that, in turn, affect cognitive functioning. This book provides an overview of the research into these effects, from theoretical research through current studies that emphasize neuroscientific theories and rationales. It addition, users will find a thorough examination of the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive functioning in special populations, including the elderly, children, and those suffering from a variety of diseases, including schizophrenia, diabetes, and an array of neurological disorders. With contributions from leading researchers in the field, this book will be the go-to resource for neuroscientists, psychologists, medical professionals, and other researchers who need an understanding of the role exercise plays in cognitive functioning. Provides a comprehensive account of how exercise affects brain functioning, which in turn affects cognition Covers both theory and empirical research Presents a thorough examination of the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive functioning in special populations, including the elderly, children, and those suffering from a variety of diseases Examines neurochemical, psychophysiological, and genetic factors Covers acute and chronic exercise

Music and the Aging Brain

Lola Cuddy,Sylvie Belleville,Aline Moussard
Music and the Aging Brain Book PDF

Author : Lola Cuddy,Sylvie Belleville,Aline Moussard
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2020-05-28
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780128174234

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Music and the Aging Brain by Lola Cuddy,Sylvie Belleville,Aline Moussard Pdf

Music and the Aging Brain describes brain functioning in aging and addresses the power of music to protect the brain from loss of function and how to cope with the ravages of brain diseases that accompany aging. By studying the power of music in aging through the lens of neuroscience, behavioral, and clinical science, the book explains brain organization and function. Written for those researching the brain and aging, the book provides solid examples of research fundamentals, including rigorous standards for sample selection, control groups, description of intervention activities, measures of health outcomes, statistical methods, and logically stated conclusions. Summarizes brain structures supporting music perception and cognition Examines and explains music as neuroprotective in normal aging Addresses the association of hearing loss to dementia Promotes a neurological approach for research in music as therapy Proposes questions for future research in music and aging

Aging in Asia

National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Policy Research and Data Needs to Meet the Challenge of Aging in Asia
Aging in Asia Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Policy Research and Data Needs to Meet the Challenge of Aging in Asia
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2012-07-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309254090

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Aging in Asia by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Policy Research and Data Needs to Meet the Challenge of Aging in Asia Pdf

The population of Asia is growing both larger and older. Demographically the most important continent on the world, Asia's population, currently estimated to be 4.2 billion, is expected to increase to about 5.9 billion by 2050. Rapid declines in fertility, together with rising life expectancy, are altering the age structure of the population so that in 2050, for the first time in history, there will be roughly as many people in Asia over the age of 65 as under the age of 15. It is against this backdrop that the Division of Behavioral and Social Research at the U.S. National Institute on Aging (NIA) asked the National Research Council (NRC), through the Committee on Population, to undertake a project on advancing behavioral and social research on aging in Asia. Aging in Asia: Findings from New and Emerging Data Initiatives is a peer-reviewed collection of papers from China, India, Indonesia, Japan, and Thailand that were presented at two conferences organized in conjunction with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy, Indonesian Academy of Sciences, and Science Council of Japan; the first conference was hosted by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing, and the second conference was hosted by the Indian National Science Academy in New Delhi. The papers in the volume highlight the contributions from new and emerging data initiatives in the region and cover subject areas such as economic growth, labor markets, and consumption; family roles and responsibilities; and labor markets and consumption.