Personality Differences And Biological Variations A Study Of Twins

Author : Gordon Claridge,Sandra Canter,W. I. Hume
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781483145174

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Personality Differences and Biological Variations by Gordon Claridge,Sandra Canter,W. I. Hume Pdf

Personality Differences and Biological Variations: A Study of Twins details a study aimed to discover the genetic uniqueness of twins and the biological basis of their individual differences. Coverage of the book includes the details of the project – its aims, method, its theoretical background, sample selection and the description of the sample; personality traits in twins the sociability/impulsivity and the Foulds hostility scale; and the influence of age and separation. The book also covers some aspects of cognitive function in twins – divergent thinking and the analysis of its measures; conceptual thinking; and the relationship of personality and cognitive function. The book also includes twins' physiological measures; their sedative drug tolerance; and a nervous typological analysis of their personal variaton. The text is recommended for psychologists who wish to learn more and study about how twins think and how they get along with one another.

Author : Gordon And Others Claridge
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1200087417

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Personality Differences and Biological Variations: a Study of Twins by Gordon And Others Claridge Pdf

Author : John C. Loehlin,Robert C. Nichols
Publisher : University of Texas Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2014-11-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781477302798

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Heredity, Environment, and Personality by John C. Loehlin,Robert C. Nichols Pdf

This volume reports on a study of 850 pairs of twins who were tested to determine the influence of heredity and environment on individual differences in personality, ability, and interests. It presents the background, research design, and procedures of the study, a complete tabulation of the test results, and the authors’ extensive analysis of their findings. Based on one of the largest studies of twin behavior conducted in the twentieth century, the book challenges a number of traditional beliefs about genetic and environmental contributions to personality development. The subjects were chosen from participants in the National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test of 1962 and were mailed a battery of personality and interest questionnaires. In addition, parents of the twins were sent questionnaires asking about the twins’ early experiences. A similar sample of nontwin students who had taken the merit exam provided a comparison group. The questions investigated included how twins are similar to or different from nontwins, how identical twins are similar to or different from fraternal twins, how the personalities and interests of twins reflect genetic factors, how the personalities and interests of twins reflect early environmental factors, and what implications these questions have for the general issue of how heredity and environment influence the development of psychological characteristics. In attempting to answer these questions, the authors shed light on the importance of both genes and environment and form the basis for different approaches in behavior genetic research.

Author : James Shields
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1962
Category : Psychology
ISBN : UOM:39015008078159

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Monozygotic Twins Brought Up Apart and Brought Up Together by James Shields Pdf

Author : Alexandra Matias,Isaac Blickstein
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2020-05-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128203071

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Developmental and Fetal Origins of Differences in Monozygotic Twins by Alexandra Matias,Isaac Blickstein Pdf

Developmental and Fetal Origins of Differences in Monozygotic Twins: From Genetics to Environmental Factors examines the major causes of discordance in monozygotic twins, from genetic, to environmental influences, including discussions on the genetic, epigenetic, fetal and environmental factors. Twin differences discussed include malformations, deformations and disruptions secondary to inequitable division of the early embryo, chromosome and single gene mosaicism, Nonrandom X chromosome inactivation, mitochondrial heteroplasmy, epigenetic variation, and variable and inequitable blood supply, among other influences. Differences in hemoglobin levels, placentation and amniotic fluid are also examined, while full color images illustrate discordant anomalies and twin differences throughout. Examines the major causes of discordance in monozygotic twins and their relevance for future studies and clinical management Discusses NIPT in MZ twins, twin imaging during fetal development, blood tests and forensic analysis Features contributions from international experts in twin genetics and developmental biology

Author : E. Stewart
Publisher : Springer
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2016-01-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781403914224

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Exploring Twins by E. Stewart Pdf

Exploring Twins presents an analysis of twinship considered as a specifically social phenomenon. Drawing upon a wide range of interdisciplinary, historical and cross-cultural data, Dr Stewart argues that in both traditional and modern societies, twinship represents a recurrent anomaly which calls into question the assumptions around which different types of society are organized. Part One identifies and analyses the fascinating range of cultural and disciplinary approaches to the interpretation of twinship, while Part Two considers the possibilities for a distinctively social analysis of twinship.

Author : Adam D. Tarnoki,David L. Tarnoki,Jennifer R. Harris,Nancy L. Segal
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 740 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2022-08-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128215159

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Twin Research for Everyone by Adam D. Tarnoki,David L. Tarnoki,Jennifer R. Harris,Nancy L. Segal Pdf

Twin Research: Biology, Health, Epigenetics, and Psychology is a comprehensive, applied resource in twinning and twin studies that is grounded in the most impactful findings from twin research in recent years. While targeted to undergraduate and graduate students, this compendium will prove a valuable resource for scholars already familiar with twin studies, as well as those coming to the field for the first time. Here, more than forty experts across an array of disciplines examine twinning and twin research methodologies from the perspectives of biology, medicine, genetic and epigenetic influences, and neuroscience. Chapters provide clear instruction in both basic and advanced research methods, family and parenting aspects of twinning, twin studies as applied across various disease areas and medical specialties, genetic and epigenetic determinants of differentiation, and academic, neurological and cognitive development. The presentation of existing studies and methods instruction empowers students and researchers to apply twin-based research and advance new studies across a range of biomedical and behavioral fields, highlighting current research trends and future directions. Offers unique insights into twinning rates, mechanisms and factors surrounding twinship Provides clear instruction on both basic and advanced twin research methods and study design Features leading international experts in twin biology, genetics, health and psychology Examines findings from recent twin studies across a broad array of health and behavioral studies

Author : Robert J. Sternberg,Elena L. Grigorenko
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2002-05
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781135655150

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The General Factor of Intelligence by Robert J. Sternberg,Elena L. Grigorenko Pdf

Book takes a refreshing approach on a classic topic of intelligence, inviting proponents of opposite viewpoints to debate pros & cons of the general factor of intelligence. For graduate & professionl level scholars in cog psy, educatn & indiv differences

Author : Hans J. Eysenck,G.D. Wilson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9789401159050

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A Textbook of Human Psychology by Hans J. Eysenck,G.D. Wilson Pdf

There are so many good textbooks in the field of this sense the book is more comparable to modern human psychology that anyone producing a new one textbooks of 'harder' sciences such as physics and must have a good excuse, ready to explain his physiology. Theories are considered important, but temerity. Our reason for bringing together the various only theories that are scientific in the sense that they authors who have contributed the chapters of this continuously interact with empirically derived facts. book is a very simple one. Most textbooks are written Theories which seldom make contact with facts (e. g. just for future professional psychologists, i. e. for Jung's theory of archetypes) are generally ignored. students who are going to adopt psychology as their There is one other point about which we would like to be explicit. Textbooks often state different theories life's work, and whose main area of concentration is psychology. These students are, of course, a very im regarding a particular phenomenon, or set of phenom portant group, yet psychology is becoming more and ena, without giving any opinion as to which of these more important to professionals in other fields as well theories might be judged superior to the others.

Author : T. J. Bouchard,P. Propping
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1993-12-28
Category : Family & Relationships
ISBN : UOM:39015026903149

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Twins as a Tool of Behavioral Genetics by T. J. Bouchard,P. Propping Pdf

Twins as a Tool of Behavioral Genetics Edited by T. J. Bouchard, Jr. P. Propping Every human being is genetically unique and consequently genetically different from every other human being. The one exception is identical (monozygotic) twins, who share exactly the same genome. Fraternal (dizygotic) twins share half of their genes in common by descent. Twins of both types constitute "an experiment of nature". Because it is unethical to carry out powerful experiments on human beings in order to explore the causes of variation in human traits, this natural experiment with all of its vicissitudes is one of the few windows we have with which to view the genetic and environmental determinants of complex human behavioral traits. Many scientists believe that twins can only be used to estimate "heritability" and that they reveal nothing about how genes influence behavior. In addition, they argue that modern molecular genetics will quickly make twin research obsolete. These widely held views are largely incorrect. Twins are a unique and very powerful tool for exploring a wide variety of hypotheses about both the distal (mostly genetic) and proximal (mostly environmental) origins of human individual differences. Scientific knowledge accumulates most rapidly when scientists ask the right questions and utilize the right tools—the right tools for the job. This book attempts to highlight the questions that might be most productively addressed through the use of twin designs. Every tool, however, has its limitations. This book carefully examines the limitations and assumptions associated with the application of the method to each of the domains discussed. Goal of this Dahlem Workshop: to evaluate the environmental and genetic mechanisms underlying the structure and development of behavior in twins studies: the achievements, limitations, and potentials.

Author : Nancy L. Segal
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-06-18
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780674065154

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Born Together—Reared Apart by Nancy L. Segal Pdf

The Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart startled scientists by demonstrating that twins reared apart are as alike, across a number of personality traits and other measures, as those raised together, suggesting that genetic influence is pervasive. Segal offers an overview of the study’s scientific contributions and effect on public consciousness.

Author : Jay Joseph
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2014-11-20
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317605904

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The Trouble with Twin Studies by Jay Joseph Pdf

The Trouble with Twin Studies questions popular genetic explanations of human behavioral differences based upon the existing body of twin research. Psychologist Jay Joseph outlines the fallacies of twin studies in the context of the ongoing decades-long failure to discover genes for human behavioral differences, including IQ, personality, and the major psychiatric disorders. This volume critically examines twin research, with a special emphasis on reared-apart twin studies, and incorporates new and updated perspectives, analyses, arguments, and evidence.

Author : Nancy L. Segal
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-06-18
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780674070141

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Born Together—Reared Apart by Nancy L. Segal Pdf

The identical “Jim twins” were raised in separate families and met for the first time at age thirty-nine, only to discover that they both suffered tension headaches, bit their fingernails, smoked Salems, enjoyed woodworking, and vacationed on the same Florida beach. This example of the potential power of genetics captured widespread media attention in 1979 and inspired the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart. This landmark investigation into the nature-nurture debate shook the scientific community by demonstrating, across a number of traits, that twins reared separately are as alike as those raised together. As a postdoctoral fellow and then as assistant director of the Minnesota Study, Nancy L. Segal provides an eagerly anticipated overview of its scientific contributions and their effect on public consciousness. The study’s evidence of genetic influence on individual differences in traits such as personality (50%) and intelligence (70%) overturned conventional ideas about parenting and teaching. Treating children differently and nurturing their inherent talents suddenly seemed to be a fairer approach than treating them all the same. Findings of genetic influence on physiological characteristics such as cardiac and immunologic function have led to more targeted approaches to disease prevention and treatment. And indications of a stronger genetic influence on male than female homosexuality have furthered debate regarding sexual orientation.

Author : John C. Loehlin
Publisher : SAGE Publications, Incorporated
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1992-04-10
Category : Psychology
ISBN : UOM:39015029180703

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Genes and Environment in Personality Development by John C. Loehlin Pdf

Intriguing information about twins, adoptions and other family relationships is offered in this volume, which explores how genes and environment act jointly to create individual differences in temperament and personality. Loehlin examines the relative contributions of genes and environment to major dimensions of personality and to personality change over time, and discusses how genotype-environment findings for personality compare with neighbouring trait domains such as ability. The book concludes with an analysis of how research results on individual personality variation relate to evolutionary views about human nature.

Author : Barbara Klein
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2017-06-26
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781315530406

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Twin Dilemmas by Barbara Klein Pdf

The development of how twins relate to each other and their single partners is explored through life stories and clinical examples in this telling study of twin interconnections. While the quality of a nurturing family life is crucial, Dr. Klein has found there are often issues with separation anxiety, loneliness, competition with each other, and finding friendships outside of twinship. When twin lives are entwined because of inadequate parenting and estrangement, twin loss is possible and traumatic, creating a crippling fear of expansiveness—an inability to be yourself. Therapists and twins seeking an understanding of twin relationships will find this clinically compelling book a valuable resource.