Personalized Drug Screening For Functional Tumor Profiling

Author : Victoria El-Khoury,Tatiana Michel,Hichul Kim,Yong-Jun Kwon
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2022-07-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781009036894

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Personalized Drug Screening for Functional Tumor Profiling by Victoria El-Khoury,Tatiana Michel,Hichul Kim,Yong-Jun Kwon Pdf

Despite considerable advances in our understanding of the biology that underlies tumor development and progression of cancer and the rapidly evolving field of personalized medicine, cancer is still one of the deadliest diseases. Many cancer patients have benefited from the survival improvements observed with targeted therapies but only a small subset of patients receiving targeted drugs experience an objective response. Because cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease, the search for effective cancer treatments will need to address not only patient-specific molecular defects but also aspects of the tumor microenvironment. The functional tumor profiling directly measures the cellular phenotype, in particular tumor growth, in response to drugs using patient-derived tumor models and might be the next step toward precision oncology. In this Element, the authors discuss the personalized drug screening as a novel patient stratification strategy for the determination of individualized treatment choices in oncology.

Author : Gabriella Pravettoni,Stefano Triberti
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-29
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9783030279943

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P5 eHealth: An Agenda for the Health Technologies of the Future by Gabriella Pravettoni,Stefano Triberti Pdf

This open access volume focuses on the development of a P5 eHealth, or better, a methodological resource for developing the health technologies of the future, based on patients’ personal characteristics and needs as the fundamental guidelines for design. It provides practical guidelines and evidence based examples on how to design, implement, use and elevate new technologies for healthcare to support the management of incurable, chronic conditions. The volume further discusses the criticalities of eHealth, why it is difficult to employ eHealth from an organizational point of view or why patients do not always accept the technology, and how eHealth interventions can be improved in the future. By dealing with the state-of-the-art in eHealth technologies, this volume is of great interest to researchers in the field of physical and mental healthcare, psychologists, stakeholders and policymakers as well as technology developers working in the healthcare sector.

Author : Ari VanderWalde
Publisher : Mdpi AG
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2022-01-25
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3036528210

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Personalized Medicine in Oncology by Ari VanderWalde Pdf

Nowhere is the explosion in comprehensive genomic testing more evident than in oncology. Multiple consensus guidelines now recommend molecular testing as the standard of care for most metastatic tumors. To aid in the advancement of this rapidly changing field, we intend this Special Issue of JPM to focus on technical developments in the genomic profiling of cancer, detail promising somatic alterations that either are, or have a high likelihood of being, relevant in the near future, and to address issues related to the pricing and value of these tests. The last few years have seen the cost of molecular testing decrease by orders of magnitude. In 2018, we saw the first "site-agnostic" drug approvals in cancer (for microsatellite unstable cancer (PD-1 inhibitors) and NTRK-fusions (TRK inhibitors)). Research on targetable mutations, determination of genetic "signatures" that can use multiple individual genes/pathways, development of targeted therapy, and insight into the value of new technology remains at the cutting edge of research in this field. We are soliciting papers that present new technologies to assess predictive biomarkers in cancer, original research (pre-clinical or clinical) that demonstrates promise for particular targeted therapies in cancer, and articles that explore the clinical and financial impacts of this paradigmatic shift in cancer diagnostics and treatment.

Author : Shay Soker,Aleksander Skardal
Publisher : Humana Press
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319605111

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Tumor Organoids by Shay Soker,Aleksander Skardal Pdf

Cancer cell biology research in general, and anti-cancer drug development specifically, still relies on standard cell culture techniques that place the cells in an unnatural environment. As a consequence, growing tumor cells in plastic dishes places a selective pressure that substantially alters their original molecular and phenotypic properties.The emerging field of regenerative medicine has developed bioengineered tissue platforms that can better mimic the structure and cellular heterogeneity of in vivo tissue, and are suitable for tumor bioengineering research. Microengineering technologies have resulted in advanced methods for creating and culturing 3-D human tissue. By encapsulating the respective cell type or combining several cell types to form tissues, these model organs can be viable for longer periods of time and are cultured to develop functional properties similar to native tissues. This approach recapitulates the dynamic role of cell–cell, cell–ECM, and mechanical interactions inside the tumor. Further incorporation of cells representative of the tumor stroma, such as endothelial cells (EC) and tumor fibroblasts, can mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment. Collectively, bioengineered tumors create an important resource for the in vitro study of tumor growth in 3D including tumor biomechanics and the effects of anti-cancer drugs on 3D tumor tissue. These technologies have the potential to overcome current limitations to genetic and histological tumor classification and development of personalized therapies.

Author : Frank Joseph Rauscher (III)
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 985 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780521876629

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Molecular Oncology by Frank Joseph Rauscher (III) Pdf

Reviews the origins of molecular oncology, including technologies for cancer analysis, key pathways in human malignancies, and available pharmacologic therapies.

Author : Robert A. Nagourney
Publisher : Turner Publishing Company
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2012-10-15
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781591205500

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Outliving Cancer by Robert A. Nagourney Pdf

By taking a fresh look at some of medicine's most sacrosanct dictates, Dr. Nagourney has found a better, faster, smarter way to treat even the most complex cancers.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on A Framework for Developing a New Taxonomy of Disease
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2012-01-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309222228

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Toward Precision Medicine by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on A Framework for Developing a New Taxonomy of Disease Pdf

Motivated by the explosion of molecular data on humans-particularly data associated with individual patients-and the sense that there are large, as-yet-untapped opportunities to use this data to improve health outcomes, Toward Precision Medicine explores the feasibility and need for "a new taxonomy of human disease based on molecular biology" and develops a potential framework for creating one. The book says that a new data network that integrates emerging research on the molecular makeup of diseases with clinical data on individual patients could drive the development of a more accurate classification of diseases and ultimately enhance diagnosis and treatment. The "new taxonomy" that emerges would define diseases by their underlying molecular causes and other factors in addition to their traditional physical signs and symptoms. The book adds that the new data network could also improve biomedical research by enabling scientists to access patients' information during treatment while still protecting their rights. This would allow the marriage of molecular research and clinical data at the point of care, as opposed to research information continuing to reside primarily in academia. Toward Precision Medicine notes that moving toward individualized medicine requires that researchers and health care providers have access to very large sets of health- and disease-related data linked to individual patients. These data are also critical for developing the information commons, the knowledge network of disease, and ultimately the new taxonomy.

Author : So Yeon Kim,Daniel B. Costa,Daisuke Shibahara,Susumu Kobayashi,Balazs Halmos
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2023-01-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781009342322

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EGFR-Directed Therapy in Lung Cancer by So Yeon Kim,Daniel B. Costa,Daisuke Shibahara,Susumu Kobayashi,Balazs Halmos Pdf

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a clinically important driver alteration affecting approximately one-third of lung cancer patients. Treatments for EGFR-exon 19 deletion and exon 21 L858R NSCLC have evolved over the last decade from first-generation reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) to third-generation irreversible TKIs, of which osimertinib has been the widely accepted as first-line therapy. Despite survival improvement seen with osimertinib and its efficacy against acquired T790M mutation, resistance through on-target and off-target pathways eventually develop. This Element describes the structural biology and pathophysiology of EGFR-mutant NSCLC and discusses past, current, and future treatment options in the metastatic, neoadjuvant, and adjuvant settings. It describes the biology and recently approved treatment for EGFR-exon 20 insertion mutation and the treatment for the uncommon exon 18 (G719X), 20 (S768I), and 21 (L861Q) mutations. It also outlines the promising clinical applications of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA).

Author : Matthew Lee,Fawzi Abu Rous,Alain Borczuk,Stephen Liu,Shirish Gadgeel,Balazs Halmos
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2023-02-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781009336093

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Targeting Oncogenic Driver Mutations in Lung Cancer by Matthew Lee,Fawzi Abu Rous,Alain Borczuk,Stephen Liu,Shirish Gadgeel,Balazs Halmos Pdf

Author : Edward C. Stites,Kendra Paskvan,Shumei Kato
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 59 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2022-09-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781009081023

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Therapeutic Targeting of RAS Mutant Cancers by Edward C. Stites,Kendra Paskvan,Shumei Kato Pdf

The KRAS oncogene is believed to be the most common single nucleotide variant oncogene in human cancer. Historically, efforts to target KRAS and the other RAS GTPases have struggled. More recently, efforts have focused on identifying and exploiting features unique to specific oncogenic mutations. This has led to the first FDA approval for a RAS targeted therapy. This new agent is a covalent inhibitor that reacts with the cysteine residue created by a codon 12 glycine to cysteine (G12C) mutation within KRAS. Mutant-specific strategies may also exist for other KRAS single nucleotide variants, and recent studies provide examples and mechanisms.

Author : Mukesh Verma,Debmalya Barh
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2016-12-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128095027

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Progress and Challenges in Precision Medicine by Mukesh Verma,Debmalya Barh Pdf

Progress and Challenges in Precision Medicine presents an insightful overview to the myriad factors of personalized and precision medicine. The availability of the human genome, large amounts of data on individual genetic variations, environmental interactions, influence of lifestyle, and cutting-edge tools and technologies for big-data analysis have led to the age of personalized and precision medicine. Bringing together a global range of experts on precision medicine, this book collects previously scattered information into one concise volume which covers the most important developments so far in precision medicine and also suggests the most likely avenues for future development. The book includes clinical information, informatics, public policy implications, and information on case studies. It is a useful reference and background work for students, researchers, and clinicians working in the biomedical and medical fields, as well as policymakers in the health sciences. Provides an overview of the growing field of precision medicine Contains chapters from geographically diverse experts in their field Explores important aspects of precision medicine, including applications, ethics, and development

Author : Rosalyn D. Blumenthal
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2008-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781592598694

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Chemosensitivity by Rosalyn D. Blumenthal Pdf

A state-of-the art collection of readily reproducible laboratory methods for assessing chemosensitivity in vitro and in vivo, and for assessing the parameters that modulate chemosensitivity in individual tumors. Chemosensitivity, Volume 1: In Vitro Assays provides a panel of 16 in vitro measures of chemosensitivity in adherent and non-adherent cells for single agents and combinations of agents. In addition to immunohistochemical and imaging approaches, these assays include clonogenic, colorimetric, fluorometric, and physiological assays. Highlights include image analysis to assess drug sensitivity, high throughput approaches using green fluorescent protein, DIMSCAN (a microcomputer fluorescence-based assay), and the ChemoFx assay used in biotechnology. A companion volume, Volume 2: In Vivo Models, Imaging, and Molecular Regulators, provides protocols for classifying tumors into response categories and customizing chemotherapy regimens to individual patients.

Author : Michael Breitenbach,Jens Hoffmann
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2019-02-05
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889457014

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Cancer Models by Michael Breitenbach,Jens Hoffmann Pdf

Cancer research, like research on other diseases, highly depends on representative and reliable model systems. In the Research Topic “Cancer Models”, we collected original papers and review articles addressing the topic of tumor modeling from molecular biology, biochemistry, microorganisms, cells and organoids, fishes, animals and xenografts, up to computational cancer models and patient data analysis. This representative eBook describes that there is not a single molecular defined tumor but rather a heterogenic and highly variable complex of different individual diseases. This is what makes research on cancer so difficult, expensive, and explains the broad number of models needed for research. Our authors describe new next-generation sequencing-based methods to analyze complex patterns of chromosomal aberrations in order to understand the molecular biology of tumorigenesis as well as the role of cellular senescence and dormancy in the aetiology of tumor formation and development of therapy resistance of tumors. The current developments on 3D cultures are thoroughly reviewed, as these models help to overcome the current limitations of cell cultures and allow a more accurate mimicry of the native cancer tissue, including cellular heterogeneity and restore specific biochemical and morphological. Reviews about tumor models in zebrafish, different transgenic mouse strains and pigs conclude the book. In the final two chapters of this volume, the authors discuss the theoretical and mathematical models developed in cancer research.

Author : Bulent Aydogan,James A. Radosevich
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2020-11-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781119432449

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Precision Medicine in Oncology by Bulent Aydogan,James A. Radosevich Pdf

A FRESH EXAMINATION OF PRECISION MEDICINE'S INCREASINGLY PROMINENT ROLE IN THE FIELD OF ONCOLOGY Precision medicine takes into account each patient's specific characteristics and requirements to arrive at treatment plans that are optimized towards the best possible outcome. As the field of oncology continues to advance, this tailored approach is becoming more and more prevalent, channelling data on genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and other areas into new and innovative methods of practice. Precision Medicine in Oncology draws together the essential research driving the field forward, providing oncology clinicians and trainees alike with an illuminating overview of the technology and thinking behind the breakthroughs currently being made. Topics covered include: Biologically-guided radiation therapy Informatics for precision medicine Molecular imaging Biomarkers for treatment assessment Big data Nanoplatforms Casting a spotlight on this emerging knowledge base and its impact upon the management of tumors, Precision Medicine in Oncology opens up new possibilities and ways of working – not only for oncologists, but also for molecular biologists, radiologists, medical geneticists, and others.

Author : Anne Kerr
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2021-02-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1526141027

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Personalised Cancer Medicine by Anne Kerr Pdf