Philosophy After Objectivity

Author : Paul K. Moser
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1999-10-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780195351354

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Philosophy after Objectivity by Paul K. Moser Pdf

Since the beginning of philosophy, philosophers have sought objective knowledge: knowledge of things whose existence does not depend on one's conceiving of them. This book uses lessons from debates over objective knowledge to characterize the kinds of reasons pertinent to philosophical and other theoretical views. It argues that we cannot meet skeptics' typical demands for nonquestion-begging support for claims to objective truth, and that therefore we should not regard our supporting reasons as resistant to skeptical challenges. One key lesson is that a constructive, explanatory approach to philosophy must change the subject from skeptic-resistant reasons to perspectival reasons arising from variable semantic commitments and instrumental, purpose-relative considerations. The book lays foundations for such a reorientation of philosophy, treating fundamental methodological issues in ontology, epistemology, the theory of meaning, the philosophy of mind, and the theory of practical rationality. It explains how certain perennial debates in philosophy rest not on genuine disagreement, but on conceptual diversity: talk about different matters. The book shows how acknowledgment of conceptual diversity can resolve a range of traditional disputes in philosophy. It also explains why philosophers need not anchor their discipline in the physicalism of the natural sciences.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1733
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:257529171

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Kurze Geschichts-Erzehlung auf was Weise die Stadt Hildesheim nothgedrungen worden, gegen und wider die Hoch-Stifftliche Hildesheimische Regierung, Amt Steuerwald ingleichen Kloster ad S. Michaelem bey dem Kayserl. Cammer-Gericht Klage zu erheben by Anonim Pdf

Author : James Conant,Sebastian Sunday
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2019-08-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781107194151

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Wittgenstein on Philosophy, Objectivity, and Meaning by James Conant,Sebastian Sunday Pdf

Provides new interpretations and applications of Wittgenstein's philosophy in relation to fundamental issues in contemporary theoretical debates.

Author : Guy Axtell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2016-09-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781509502097

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Objectivity by Guy Axtell Pdf

What do you find more trustworthy, experts or numbers, personal 'know-how' or 'objective facts'? Can science claim special authority based on the objectivity of its methods? Are our ethical decisions always better when we strive to be impartial and unbiased? Why should we value objectivity, and is it achievable anyway? These are a few of the thought-provoking questions Guy Axtell asks in this comprehensive new text book, employing examples from the natural and social sciences as well as philosophy. This unique introduction surveys the key issues in a clear and concise way, assessing the nature of objectivity and value of the demand to be impartial decision-makers. Moving beyond the fundamentals, Axtell explores contemporary feminist and social epistemological attempts to 'reconstruct' the concept of objectivity, explains the implications of the so-called science wars for philosophy and the analytical method, and the ethical consequences of these debates. Objectivity is an excellent introduction to one of the most exciting areas of study in philosophy and science today. Students and scholars alike will value this balanced guide to a hotly contested, and vitally important, topic.

Author : Günter Figal
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2010-08-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781438432052

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Objectivity by Günter Figal Pdf

Appearing for the first time in English, Günter Figal’s groundbreaking book in the tradition of philosophical hermeneutics offers original perspectives on perennial philosophical problems.

Author : Tibor R. Machan
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2017-11-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351152228

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Objectivity by Tibor R. Machan Pdf

The question of objectivity is whether human beings are capable of knowing reality just as it is, or whether there is some necessary distortion in our grasp of the nature of things imposed either by the very nature of our cognitive mechanism, or by such factors as language, culture, personal ambitions, psychological disorders, and class interests. Could it be that we do not see the world at all, since we see it from a particular point of view? Can we ever satisfactorily establish that our understanding of reality is accurate, or must that always remain in doubt? In this book Professor Machan defends objectivity in philosophy, science, and everyday life from its many critics. Objectivity stands in need of a defence because it is a difficult ideal to serve, especially in an era of multiculturalism, deconstructionism, feminism, and diversity. People from different cultures report having radically different experiences, indeed radically different worlds. They usually claim that their experiences are as true as anyone else‘s. Deconstructionists tell us that we know nothing determinate beyond language, i.e., that we don‘t know what we are talking about. Feminists often maintain that women and men see the world in significantly different ways. The idea of diversity gains much of its plausibility from the idea that people from diverse backgrounds all have their own valid ways of seeing the world. The most prominent movements in Anglo-American and continental philosophy are against objectivity. Such figures as Richard Rorty and Jacques Derrida unambiguously deny that human beings are capable of knowing the world as it is. This book considers and responds to these and similar challenges to objectivity.

Author : Crispin Wright
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2009-07-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674045385

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Truth and Objectivity by Crispin Wright Pdf

Crispin Wright offers an original perspective on the place of “realism” in philosophical inquiry. He proposes a radically new framework for discussing the claims of the realists and the anti-realists. This framework rejects the classical “deflationary” conception of truth yet allows both disputants to respect the intuition that judgments, whose status they contest, are at least semantically fitted for truth and may often justifiably be regarded as true. In the course of his argument, Wright offers original critical discussions of many central concerns of philosophers interested in realism, including the “deflationary” conception of truth, internal realist truth, scientific realism and the theoreticity of observation, and the role of moral states of affairs in explanations of moral beliefs.

Author : Donald Davidson
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2001-09-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191519222

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Subjective, Intersubjective, Objective by Donald Davidson Pdf

Subjective, Intersubjective, Objective is the long-awaited third volume of philosophical writings by Donald Davidson, whose influence on philosophy since the 1960s has been deep and broad. His first two collections, published by OUP in the early 1980s, are recognized as contemporary classics. Now Davidson presents a selection of his work on knowledge, mind, and language from the 1980s and the 1990s. We all have knowledge of our own minds, knowledge of the contents of other minds, and knowledge of the shared environment. Davidson examines the nature and status of each of these three sorts of knowledge, and the connections and differences among them. Along the way he has illuminating things to say about truth, human rationality, and the relations among language, thought, and the world. This new volume offers a rich and rewarding feast for anyone interested in philosophy today, and is essential reading for anyone working on its central topics.

Author : Flavia Padovani,Alan Richardson,Jonathan Y. Tsou
Publisher : Springer
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2015-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319143491

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Objectivity in Science by Flavia Padovani,Alan Richardson,Jonathan Y. Tsou Pdf

This highly multidisciplinary collection discusses an increasingly important topic among scholars in science and technology studies: objectivity in science. It features eleven essays on scientific objectivity from a variety of perspectives, including philosophy of science, history of science, and feminist philosophy. Topics addressed in the book include the nature and value of scientific objectivity, the history of objectivity, and objectivity in scientific journals and communities. Taken individually, the essays supply new methodological tools for theorizing what is valuable in the pursuit of objective knowledge and for investigating its history. The essays offer many starting points, while suggesting new avenues of research. Taken collectively, the essays exemplify the very virtues of objectivity that they theorize—in reading them together, the reader can sense various anxieties about the dangerously subjective in our age and locate commonalities of concern as well as differences of approach. As a result, the volume offers an expansive vision of a research community seeking a communal understanding of its own methods and its own epistemic anxieties, struggling to enunciate the key problems of knowledge of our time and offer insight into how to overcome them.

Author : Richard Rorty
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521358779

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Objectivity, Relativism, and Truth by Richard Rorty Pdf

A continuation of the philosopher's attack on traditional attempts to establish objective fundamental truths concludes with reflections on the relation of social democratic politics to philosophy.

Author : Jesse Owen Hearns-Branaman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2016-02-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317500001

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Journalism and the Philosophy of Truth by Jesse Owen Hearns-Branaman Pdf

This book bridges a gap between discussions about truth, human understanding, and epistemology in philosophical circles, and debates about objectivity, bias, and truth in journalism. It examines four major philosophical theories in easy to understand terms while maintaining a critical insight which is fundamental to the contemporary study of journalism. The book aims to move forward the discussion of truth in the news media by dissecting commonly used concepts such as bias, objectivity, balance, fairness, in a philosophically-grounded way, drawing on in depth interviews with journalists to explore how journalists talk about truth.

Author : Stephen Gaukroger
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-05-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191642098

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Objectivity: A Very Short Introduction by Stephen Gaukroger Pdf

- Is objectivity possible? - Can there be objectivity in matters of morals, or tastes? - What would a truly objective account of the world be like? - Is everything subjective, or relative? - Are moral judgments objective or culturally relative? Objectivity is both an essential and elusive philosophical concept. An account is generally considered to be objective if it attempts to capture the nature of the object studied without judgement of a conscious entity or subject. Objectivity stands in contrast to subjectivity: an objective account is impartial, one which could ideally be accepted by any subject, because it does not draw on any assumptions, prejudices, or values of particular subjects. Stephen Gaukroger shows that it is far from clear that we can resolve moral or aesthetic disputes in this way and it has often been argued that such an approach is not always appropriate for disciplines that deal with human, rather than natural, phenomena. Moreover, even in those cases where we seek to be objective, it may be difficult to judge what a truly objective account would look like, and whether it is achievable. This Very Short Introduction demonstrates that there are a number of common misunderstandings about what objectivity is, and explores the theoretical and practical problems of objectivity by assessing the basic questions raised by it. As well as considering the core philosophical issues, Gaukroger also deals with the way in which particular understandings of objectivity impinge on social research, science, and art. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Author : San Diego Philip Kitcher Professor of Philosophy University of California
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1993-05-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780198021506

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The Advancement of Science : Science without Legend, Objectivity without Illusions by San Diego Philip Kitcher Professor of Philosophy University of California Pdf

During the last three decades, reflections on the growth of scientific knowledge have inspired historians, sociologists, and some philosophers to contend that scientific objectivity is a myth. In this book, Kitcher attempts to resurrect the notions of objectivity and progress in science by identifying both the limitations of idealized treatments of growth of knowledge and the overreactions to philosophical idealizations. Recognizing that science is done not by logically omniscient subjects working in isolation, but by people with a variety of personal and social interests, who cooperate and compete with one another, he argues that, nonetheless, we may conceive the growth of science as a process in which both our vision of nature and our ways of learning more about nature improve. Offering a detailed picture of the advancement of science, he sets a new agenda for the philosophy of science and for other "science studies" disciplines.

Author : Nicholas Rescher
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015040721410

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Objectivity by Nicholas Rescher Pdf

Nicholas Rescher presents an original pragmatic defense of the issue of objectivity. Rescher employs reasoned argumentation in restoring objectivity to its place of prominence and utility within social and philosophical discourse. By tracing the source of objectivity back to the very core of rationality itself, Rescher locates objectivity's reason for being deep in our nature as rational animals. His project rehabilitates the case for objectivity by subjecting relativistic and negativistic thinking to close critical scrutiny, revealing the flaws and fallacies at work in the deliberations of those who dismiss objectivity as obsolete and untenable. Rescher takes to task the cultural relativism of contemporary social science and social theory, as well as that of liberalistic political correctness and the postmodern aversion to the normative. In holding such relativistic thinking up to the light of rational argument, he demonstrates that a rejection of objectivity is in fact unreasonable. Rescher further reveals that a relativistic apathy to truth and rightness actually destroys, in effect, the very conception it presumably elucidates.

Author : Max Kölbel
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0415272459

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Truth Without Objectivity by Max Kölbel Pdf

Kölbel examines and rejects the mainstream view of 'meaning' and how this relates to truth, instead developing and defending an alternative, relativist, theory.