Photosynthesis Respiration And Climate Change

Author : Katie M. Becklin,Joy K. Ward,Danielle A. Way
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 407 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2021-05-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030649265

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Photosynthesis, Respiration, and Climate Change by Katie M. Becklin,Joy K. Ward,Danielle A. Way Pdf

Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and global climate conditions have altered photosynthesis and plant respiration across both geologic and contemporary time scales. Understanding climate change effects on plant carbon dynamics is critical for predicting plant responses to future growing conditions. Furthermore, demand for biofuel, fibre and food production is rapidly increasing with the ever-expanding global human population, and our ability to meet these demands is exacerbated by climate change. This volume integrates physiological, ecological, and evolutionary perspectives on photosynthesis and respiration responses to climate change. We explore this topic in the context of modeling plant responses to climate, including physiological mechanisms that constrain carbon assimilation and the potential for plants to acclimate to rising carbon dioxide concentration, warming temperatures and drought. Additional chapters contrast climate change responses in natural and agricultural ecosystems, where differences in climate sensitivity between different photosynthetic pathways can influence community and ecosystem processes. Evolutionary studies over past and current time scales provide further insight into evolutionary changes in photosynthetic traits, the emergence of novel plant strategies, and the potential for rapid evolutionary responses to future climate conditions. Finally, we discuss novel approaches to engineering photosynthesis and photorespiration to improve plant productivity for the future. The overall goals for this volume are to highlight recent advances in photosynthesis and respiration research, and to identify key challenges to understanding and scaling plant physiological responses to climate change. The integrated perspectives and broad scope of research make this volume an excellent resource for both students and researchers in many areas of plant science, including plant physiology, ecology, evolution, climate change, and biotechnology. For this volume, 37 experts contributed chapters that span modeling, empirical, and applied research on photosynthesis and respiration responses to climate change. Authors represent the following seven countries: Australia (6); Canada (9), England (5), Germany (2), Spain (3), and the United States (12).

Author : Iker Aranjuelo,Marouane Baslam,Alvaro Sanz-Saez
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2021-02-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889665136

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Photosynthesis in a Changing Global Climate: a Matter of Scale by Iker Aranjuelo,Marouane Baslam,Alvaro Sanz-Saez Pdf

Author : Jörg Kruse,Judy Simon,Heinz Rennenberg
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 648 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-19
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780128055595

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Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges by Jörg Kruse,Judy Simon,Heinz Rennenberg Pdf

Climate change will likely affect the carbon balance of terrestrial soils via shifts in photosynthetic carbon input relative to soil respiratory CO2 loss. This review is focused on the effects of enhanced temperature and altered precipitation on soil respiration—that is, the sum of autotrophic root and heterotrophic microbial respiration. We highlight key processes that determine the substrate supply for the microbial decomposer community. These processes include (i) root exudation of low-molecular carbon compounds, (ii) enzymatic degradation of labile and recalcitrant soil organic matter (SOM) and (iii) physicochemical protection of SOM. The sensitivities of these processes to soil temperature and moisture differ, aggravating mechanistic interpretation of bulk soil respiration in response to global change. Variation in soil respiration can also result from acclimation of autotrophic root respiration, or shifts in microbial carbon use efficiency. On the basis of such key processes, we evaluate the apparent flexibility of instantaneous temperature responses of soil respiration.

Author : Ashwani Kumar,Yuan-Yeu Yau,Shinjiro Ogita,Renate Scheibe
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811552281

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Climate Change, Photosynthesis and Advanced Biofuels by Ashwani Kumar,Yuan-Yeu Yau,Shinjiro Ogita,Renate Scheibe Pdf

The use of fossil fuels results in rising CO2 and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, causing global temperature rise and climate change that will negatively impact human health, the food supply, and eventually worsen hunger and misery. Presently, fossil fuels meet 88% of the energy demand, resulting in rising CO2/GHG emissions at alarming rates. The increased use of biofuels would help to mitigate climate change. Efficiently designing methods for the production of biofuels and plant-derived high-value products requires a deeper understanding of photosynthetic processes as a prerequisite for applying novel biotechnologies. Accordingly, this book provides ample information and a wealth of illustrative examples. The book’s eighteen richly illustrated chapters are divided into three thematic parts. I: Photosynthesis and Biomass Production under Changing Conditions, II: Microalgae and Engineered Crops for Production of Biofuels and High-value Products, and III: Genetic Resources and Engineering Methods to Improve Crop Plants. Readers will find the latest information on the molecular basis of photosynthetic processes in plants (including the regulatory principles that allow plants to maintain homeostasis under changing conditions), stress resistance and synthetic pathways. In addition, the basic principles of important biotechnologies, as well as examples of specially designed crops capable of growing under stress conditions with improved productivity, are presented. The book sets the course for future research in the field of biofuel development and production and provides both general and specific information for students, teachers, academic researchers, industrial teams, and general readers who are interested in new developments concerning the production of biofuels with value-added properties.

Author : Robert Jandl,Mirco Rodeghiero
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-09
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 9783038971788

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Forest Soil Respiration under Climate Changing by Robert Jandl,Mirco Rodeghiero Pdf

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Forest Soil Respiration under Climate Changing" that was published in Forests

Author : The Open The Open Courses Library
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-27
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1712327275

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Photosynthesis, Global Climate Change, and Food Production by The Open The Open Courses Library Pdf

Photosynthesis, Global Climate Change, and Food Production The process of photosynthesis has a theoretical efficiency of 30%, but in reality the efficiency is much lower. It is only about 3% on cloudy days. Why is so much solar energy lost? There are a number of factors contributing to this energy loss, and one metabolic pathway that contributes to this low efficiency is photorespiration. All biomes are affected by global conditions, such as climate, that ultimately shape each biome's environment. Scientists who study climate have noted a series of marked changes that have gradually become increasingly evident during the last sixty years. Global climate change is the term used to describe altered global weather patterns, including a worldwide increase in temperature, due largely to rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Chapter Outline: Photosynthetic Pathways Climate and the Effects of Global Climate Change Human Population Continues to Grow The Open Courses Library introduces you to the best Open Source Courses.

Author : Israel Zelitch
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323154116

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Photosynthesis, Photorespiration, And Plant Productivity by Israel Zelitch Pdf

Photosynthesis, Photorespiration, and Plant Productivity provides a basis for understanding the main factors concerned with regulating plant productivity in plant communities. The book describes photosynthesis and other processes that affect the productivity of plants from the standpoint of enzyme chemistry, chloroplasts, leaf cells, and single leaves. Comprised of nine chapters, the book covers the biochemical and photochemical aspects of photosynthesis; respiration associated with photosynthetic tissues; and photosynthesis and plant productivity in single leaves and in stands. It provides illustrated and diagrammatic discussion and presents the concepts in outlined form to help readers understand the concepts efficiently. Moreover, this book explores the rates of enzymatic reactions and the detailed structure and function of chloroplasts and other organelles and their variability. It explains the mechanism of photosynthetic electron transport and phosphorylation and the importance of diffusive resistances to carbon dioxide assimilation, especially the role of stomata. It also discusses the importance of dark respiration in diminishing productivity; the differences in net photosynthesis that occur between many species and varieties; and the influence of climate to photosynthetic reactions. The book is an excellent reference for teachers, as well as undergraduate and graduate students in biology, plant physiology, and agriculture. Research professionals working on the disciplines of plant production and food supply will also find this book invaluable.

Author : Daniel P. Shepardson,Anita Roychoudhury,Andrew S. Hirsch
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2017-02-17
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781317245247

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Teaching and Learning about Climate Change by Daniel P. Shepardson,Anita Roychoudhury,Andrew S. Hirsch Pdf

Responding to the issues and challenges of teaching and learning about climate change from a science education-based perspective, this book is designed to serve as an aid for educators as they strive to incorporate the topic into their classes. The unique discussion of these issues is drawn from the perspectives of leading and international scholars in the field. The book is structured around three themes: theoretical, philosophical, and conceptual frameworks for climate change education and research; research on teaching and learning about global warming and climate change; and approaches to professional development and classroom practice.

Author : Julian J. Eaton-Rye,Baishnab C. Tripathy,Thomas D. Sharkey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 856 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2011-11-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 940071579X

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Photosynthesis by Julian J. Eaton-Rye,Baishnab C. Tripathy,Thomas D. Sharkey Pdf

“Photosynthesis: Plastid Biology, Energy Conversion and Carbon Assimilation” was conceived as a comprehensive treatment touching on most of the processes important for photosynthesis. Most of the chapters provide a broad coverage that, it is hoped, will be accessible to advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers looking to broaden their knowledge of photosynthesis. For biologists, biochemists, and biophysicists, this volume will provide quick background understanding for the breadth of issues in photosynthesis that are important in research and instructional settings. This volume will be of interest to advanced undergraduates in plant biology, and plant biochemistry and to graduate students and instructors wanting a single reference volume on the latest understanding of the critical components of photosynthesis.

Author : Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta,Luis A. J. Mur,Bhagyalakshmi Neelwarne
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2015-06-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118790465

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Alternative Respiratory Pathways in Higher Plants by Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta,Luis A. J. Mur,Bhagyalakshmi Neelwarne Pdf

Rapid developments in molecular and systems biology techniques have allowed researchers to unravel many new mechanisms through which plant cells switch over to alternative respiratory pathways. This book is a unique compendium of how and why higher plants evolved alternative respiratory metabolism. It offers a comprehensive review of current research in the biochemistry, physiology, classification and regulation of plant alternative respiratory pathways, from alternative oxidase diversity to functional marker development. The resource provides a broad range of perspectives on the applications of plant respiratory physiology, and suggests brand new areas of research. Other key features: written by an international team of reputed plant physiologists, known for their pioneering contributions to the knowledge of regular and alternative respiratory metabolism in higher plants includes step-by-step protocols for key molecular and imaging techniques advises on regulatory options for managing crop yields, food quality and environment for crop improvement and enhanced food security covers special pathways which are of key relevance in agriculture, particularly in plant post-harvest commodities Primarily for plant physiologists and plant biologists, this authoritative compendium will also be of great value to postdoctoral researchers working on plant respiration, as well as to graduate and postgraduate students and university staff in Plant Science. It is a useful resource for corporate and private firms involved in developing functional markers for breeding programs and controlling respiration for the prevention of post-harvest losses in fruit, vegetables, cut flowers and tubers.

Author : S. K. Jalota,B. B. Vashisht,Sandeep Sharma,Samanpreet Kaur
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2018-02-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128097212

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Understanding Climate Change Impacts on Crop Productivity and Water Balance by S. K. Jalota,B. B. Vashisht,Sandeep Sharma,Samanpreet Kaur Pdf

Understanding Climate Change Impacts on Crop Productivity and Water examines the greenhouse gas emissions and their warming effect, climate change projections, crop productivity and water. The book explores the most important greenhouse gases that influence the climate system, technical terms associated with climate projections, and the different mechanisms impacting crop productivity and water balance. Adaptive and mitigative strategies are proposed to cope with negative effects of climate change in particular domains. This book will help researchers interested in climate change impacts on the atmosphere, soil and plants. Uncovers links between climate change and its impact on crop and water outputs Integrates information on greenhouse gas cycles and mathematical equations into climate/crop models for analysis and seasonal prediction systems Provides strategies for efficient resource management and sustainable crop production in future Helps researchers interested in climate change impacts on the atmosphere, soil and plants

Author : James I. L. Morison,Michael D. Morecroft
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2006-12-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781405131926

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Plant Growth and Climate Change by James I. L. Morison,Michael D. Morecroft Pdf

Evidence grows daily of the changing climate and its impact on plants and animals. Plant function is inextricably linked to climate and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. On the shortest and smallest scales, the climate affects the plant’s immediate environment and so directly influences physiological processes. At larger scales, the climate influences species distribution and community composition, as well as the viability of different crops in managed ecosystems. Plant growth also influences the local, regional and global climate, through the exchanges of energy and gases between the plants and the air around them. Plant Growth and Climate Change examines the major aspects of how anthropogenic climate change affects plants, focusing on several key determinants of plant growth: atmospheric CO2, temperature, water availability and the interactions between these factors. The book demonstrates the variety of techniques used across plant science: detailed physiology in controlled environments; observational studies based on long-term data sets; field manipulation experiments and modelling. It is directed at advanced-level university students, researchers and professionals across the range of plant science disciplines, including plant physiology, plant ecology and crop science. It will also be of interest to earth system scientists.

Author : Gordon Bonan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 459 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2019-02-21
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781107043787

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Climate Change and Terrestrial Ecosystem Modeling by Gordon Bonan Pdf

Provides an essential introduction to modeling terrestrial ecosystems in Earth system models for graduate students and researchers.

Author : N.R. Baker
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2010-12-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9048147689

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Photosynthesis and the Environment by N.R. Baker Pdf

Photosynthesis and the Environment examines how photosynthesis may be influenced by environmental changes. Structural and functional aspects of the photosynthetic apparatus are examined in the context of responses to environmental stimuli; particular attention being given to the processing of light energy by thylakoids, metabolic regulation, gas exchange and source-sink relations. The roles of developmental and genetic responses in determining photosynthetic performance are also considered. The complexity of the responses to environmental change is demonstrated by detailed analyses of the effects of specific environmental variables (light, temperature, water, CO2, ozone and UV-B) on photosynthetic performance. Where appropriate attention is given to recent developments in the techniques used for studying photosynthetic activities. The book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students and a wide range of scientists with research interests in environmental effects on photosynthesis and plant productivity.

Author : Jaume Flexas,Francesco Loreto,Hipólito Medrano
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 753 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2012-07-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521899413

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Terrestrial Photosynthesis in a Changing Environment by Jaume Flexas,Francesco Loreto,Hipólito Medrano Pdf

An integrated guide to photosynthesis in an environmentally dynamic context, covering all aspects from basic concepts to methodologies.