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Author : Beth Fowkes Tobin
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Art
ISBN : 0822323389
An interdisciplinary study of visual representations of British colonial power in the eighteenth century.
Author : Hayes Peter Mauro
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2019-08-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780803299955
In Messianic Fulfillments Hayes Peter Mauro examines the role of Christian evangelical movements in shaping American identity in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. Focusing on Christianity’s fervent pursuit of Native American salvation, Mauro discusses Anglo American artists influenced by Christian millenarianism, natural history, and racial science in America. Artists on the colonial, antebellum, and post–Civil War frontier graphically projected their idealization of Christian-based identity onto the bodies of American Indians. Messianic Fulfillments explores how Puritans, Quakers, Mormons, and members of other Christian millenarian movements viewed Native peoples as childlike, primitive, and in desperate need of Christianization lest they fall into perpetual sin and oblivion and slip into eternal damnation. Christian missionaries were driven by the idea that catastrophic Native American spiritual failure would, in Christ’s eyes, reflect on the shortcomings of those Christians tasked with doing the work of Christian “charity” in the New World. With an interdisciplinary approach drawing from religious studies and the histories of popular science and art, Messianic Fulfillments explores ethnohistorical encounters in colonial and nineteenth-century America through the lens of artistic works by evangelically inspired Anglo American artists and photographers. Mauro takes a critical look at a variety of visual mediums to illustrate how evangelical imagery influenced definitions of “Americaness,” and how such images reinforced or challenged historically prevailing conceptions of what it means (and looks like) to be American.
Author : Beth Fowkes Tobin
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2011-06-07
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780812203684
With its control of sugar plantations in the Caribbean and tea, cotton, and indigo production in India, Britain in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries dominated the global economy of tropical agriculture. In Colonizing Nature, Beth Fowkes Tobin shows how dominion over "the tropics" as both a region and an idea became central to the way in which Britons imagined their role in the world. Tobin examines georgic poetry, landscape portraiture, natural history writing, and botanical prints produced by Britons in the Caribbean, the South Pacific, and India to uncover how each played a crucial role in developing the belief that the tropics were simultaneously paradisiacal and in need of British intervention and management. Her study examines how slave garden portraits denied the horticultural expertise of the slaves, how the East India Company hired such artists as William Hodges to paint and thereby Anglicize the landscape and gardens of British-controlled India, and how writers from Captain James Cook to Sir James E. Smith depicted tropical lands and plants. Just as mastery of tropical nature, and especially its potential for agricultural productivity, became key concepts in the formation of British imperial identity, Colonizing Nature suggests that intellectual and visual mastery of the tropics—through the creation of art and literature—accompanied material appropriations of land, labor, and natural resources. Tobin convincingly argues that the depictions of tropical plants, gardens, and landscapes that circulated in the British imagination provide a key to understanding the forces that shaped the British Empire.
Author : Ann Laura Stoler
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : History
ISBN : 0520231112
Looking at the way cultural competencies and sensibilities entered into the construction of race in the colonial context, this text proposes that 'cultural racism' in fact predates its postmodern discovery.
Author : Helen Watanabe-O'Kelly
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : History
ISBN : 9780198802471
The nineteenth century is notable for its newly proclaimed emperors, from Franz I of Austria and Napoleon I in 1804 through Agustin and Pedro, the emperors of Mexico and Brazil in 1822 to Victoria, empress of India in 1876. Monarchs such as Napoleon III, Maximilian of Mexico, and Wilhelm Iprojected an imperial aura with coronations, courts, medals, costumes, portraits, monuments, international exhibitions, festivals, architecture, and town planning. They relied on ancient history for legitimacy whilst partially espousing modernity. Projecting Imperial Power is the first book toconsider newly proclaimed emperors in six territories across three continents across the whole range of the nineteenth century.The first emperors' successors - Pedro II of Brazil, Franz Joseph of Austria, and Wilhelm II of Germany - expanded their panoply of power, until Pedro was forced to abdicate in 1889 and World War I brought the Austrian and German empires to an end. Britain invented an imperial myth for its Indianempire in the 20th century, until George VI relinquished the title of emperor in 1947. The imperial cities of Berlin, Paris, Vienna, and New Delhi bear witness to vanished empires.Using a wide range of source Projecting Imperial Power explains the imperial ambition behind these imperial cities. It discusses how the empires and their rulers are remembered today by examining how the imperial statues that were erected in huge numbers in the second part of the period are treatedtoday, and how this demonstrates the contested place of emperors in national cultural memory.
Author : Annette Weissenrieder,Friederike Wendt,Petra von Gemünden
Publisher : Mohr Siebeck
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Art
ISBN : 3161485742
How do visual images from the ancient world shed light on New Testament texts? In a methodologically multifaceted manner, the contributions in this volume examine early Christian images with regard to their ancient context. Various New Testament texts (the synoptic gospels, the Johannine and Pauline corpora) are linked to ancient visual images. Various approaches in iconography are summarized and applied to the interpretation of texts, taking account of the strengths and limitations of these images, as well as possible future applications. These essays incorporate current viewpoints from archaeology and the history of art. The topics range from studies of the depictions of Christ and the disciples to the images of humans and the world. This volume provides an innovative basis for the discussion of the iconographic method and the New Testament.
Author : Emily Engel
Publisher : University of Texas Press
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2020-03-23
Category : Art
ISBN : 9781477320594
The Spanish colonial period in South America saw artists develop the subgenre of official portraiture, or portraits of key individuals in the continent’s viceregal governments. Although these portraits appeared to illustrate a narrative of imperial splendor and absolutist governance, they instead became a visual record of the local history that emerged during the colonial occupation. Using the official portrait collections accumulated between 1542 and 1830 in Lima, Buenos Aires, and Bogota as a lens, Pictured Politics explores how official portraiture originated and evolved to become an essential component in the construction of Ibero-American political relationships. Through the surviving portraits and archival evidence—including political treatises, travel accounts, and early periodicals—Emily Engel demonstrates that these official portraits not only belie a singular interpretation as tools of imperial domination but also visualize the continent's multilayered history of colonial occupation. The first standalone analysis of South American portraiture, Pictured Politics brings to light the historical relevance of political portraits in crafting the history of South American colonialism.
Author : Alice Procter
Publisher : Cassell
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-19
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781788402217
"Probing, jargon-free and written with the pace of a detective story... [Procter] dissects western museum culture with such forensic fury that it might be difficult for the reader ever to view those institutions in the same way again. " Financial Times 'A smart, accessible and brilliantly structured work that encourages readers to go beyond the grand architecture of cultural institutions and see the problematic colonial histories behind them.' - Sumaya Kassim Should museums be made to give back their marbles? Is it even possible to 'decolonize' our galleries? Must Rhodes fall? How to deal with the colonial history of art in museums and monuments in the public realm is a thorny issue that we are only just beginning to address. Alice Procter, creator of the Uncomfortable Art Tours, provides a manual for deconstructing everything you thought you knew about art history and tells the stories that have been left out of the canon. The book is divided into four chronological sections, named after four different kinds of art space: The Palace, The Classroom, The Memorial and The Playground. Each section tackles the fascinating, enlightening and often shocking stories of a selection of art pieces, including the propaganda painting the East India Company used to justify its rule in India; the tattooed Maori skulls collected as 'art objects' by Europeans; and works by contemporary artists who are taking on colonial history in their work and activism today. The Whole Picture is a much-needed provocation to look more critically at the accepted narratives about art, and rethink and disrupt the way we interact with the museums and galleries that display it.
Author : S. Reinert,P. Røge
Publisher : Springer
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2013-09-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137315557
This collection of essays draws on fresh readings of classic texts as well as rigorous research in the archives of Europe's greatest imperial power. Its contributors paint a powerful picture of the nature and implementation of political economy in the long eighteenth century, from the East to the West Indies.
Author : Betty Joseph
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2004-01-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226412030
In Reading the East India Company, Betty Joseph offers an innovative account of how archives—and the practice of archiving—shaped colonial ideologies in Britain and British-controlled India during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Drawing on the British East India Company's records as well as novels, memoirs, portraiture and guidebooks, Joseph shows how the company's economic and archival practices intersected to produce colonial "fictions" or "truth-effects" that strictly governed class and gender roles—in effect creating a "grammar of power" that kept the far-flung empire intact. And while women were often excluded from this archive, Joseph finds that we can still hear their voices at certain key historical junctures. Attending to these voices, Joseph illustrates how the writing of history belongs not only to the colonial project set forth by British men, but also to the agendas and mechanisms of agency—of colonized Indian, as well as European women. In the process, she makes a valuable and lasting contribution to gender studies, postcolonial theory, and the history of South Asia.
Author : Jonathan Foreman
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2025-04-10
Category : History
ISBN : 9781471160301
Travelling the world to undertake his research, Jonathan Foreman explores how empire lies at the heart of some of the greatest challenges that currently face civilisation. From the grandest of territories conquered and administered over centuries, to the smaller regional conquests that lasted decades, Foreman paints a picture of how urbanised humanity has learned to live – or indeed, endure – and evolve under this system of governance and domination, right up until the present digital age. In the early modern period ‘empire’ meant ‘sovereignty’ rather than dominion over several different lands or peoples. In the 18th century ‘empire’ was used to suggest size or grandeur. It wasn’t until at least the middle of the 19th century that Britons consistently referred to their possessions and interests abroad as an empire. Mostly when people used the phrase 'British Empire' they were actually referring to the United Kingdom of the British Isles. In the modern era, ‘empire’ is used mostly to refer to the exercise of power by a state over subordinate territories. But it has also, for centuries, been used metaphorically to describe other forms of great power and domination that transcend borders. Indeed, it’s hard to think of any country which has had an empire that wasn’t itself part of another empire at some earlier time, or of a colonising power that at some point had been colonised. Jonathan Foreman suggests the ‘Era of Empires’ is not over; it just has different names and new forms. It is a global experience that long predates the word itself.
Author : Li Chen
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2015-12-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9780231540216
How did American schoolchildren, French philosophers, Russian Sinologists, Dutch merchants, and British lawyers imagine China and Chinese law? What happened when agents of presumably dominant Western empires had to endure the humiliations and anxieties of maintaining a profitable but precarious relationship with China? In Chinese Law in Imperial Eyes, Li Chen provides a richly textured analysis of these related issues and their intersection with law, culture, and politics in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Using a wide array of sources, Chen's study focuses on the power dynamics of Sino-Western relations during the formative century before the First Opium War (1839-1842). He highlights the centrality of law to modern imperial ideology and politics and brings new insight to the origins of comparative Chinese law in the West, the First Opium War, and foreign extraterritoriality in China. The shifting balance of economic and political power formed and transformed knowledge of China and Chinese law in different contact zones. Chen argues that recovering the variegated and contradictory roles of Chinese law in Western "modernization" helps provincialize the subsequent Euro-Americentric discourse of global modernity. Chen draws attention to important yet underanalyzed sites in which imperial sovereignty, national identity, cultural tradition, or international law and order were defined and restructured. His valuable case studies show how constructed differences between societies were hardened into cultural or racial boundaries and then politicized to rationalize international conflicts and hierarchy.
Author : James R. Ryan
Publisher : Reaktion Books
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781780231631
Coinciding with the extraordinary expansion of Britain's overseas empire under Queen Victoria, the invention of photography allowed millions to see what they thought were realistic and unbiased pictures of distant peoples and places. This supposed accuracy also helped to legitimate Victorian geography's illuminations of the "darkest" recesses of the globe with the "light" of scientific mapping techniques. But as James R. Ryan argues in Picturing Empire, Victorian photographs reveal as much about the imaginative landscapes of imperial culture as they do about the "real" subjects captured within their frames. Ryan considers the role of photography in the exploration and domestication of foreign landscapes, in imperial warfare, in the survey and classification of "racial types," in "hunting with the camera," and in teaching imperial geography to British schoolchildren. Ryan's careful exposure of the reciprocal relation between photographic image and imperial imagination will interest all those concerned with the cultural history of the British Empire.
Author : Rachel Teukolsky
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-16
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780192603562
The modern media world came into being in the nineteenth century, when machines were harnessed to produce texts and images in unprecedented numbers. In the visual realm, new industrial techniques generated a deluge of affordable pictorial items, mass-printed photographs, posters, cartoons, and illustrations. These alluring objects of the Victorian parlor were miniaturized spectacles that served as portals onto phantasmagoric versions of 'the world.' Although new kinds of pictures transformed everyday life, these ephemeral items have received remarkably little scholarly attention. Picture World shines a welcome new light onto these critically neglected yet fascinating visual objects. They serve as entryways into the nineteenth century's key aesthetic concepts. Each chapter pairs a new type of picture with a foundational keyword in Victorian aesthetics, a familiar term reconceived through the lens of new media. 'Character' appears differently when considered with caricature, in the new comics and cartoons appearing in the mass press in the 1830s; likewise, the book approaches 'realism' through pictorial journalism; 'illustration' via illustrated Bibles; 'sensation' through carte-de-visite portrait photographs; 'the picturesque' by way of stereoscopic views; and 'decadence' through advertising posters. Picture World studies the aesthetic effects of the nineteenth century's media revolution: it uses the relics of a previous era's cultural life to interrogate the Victorian world's most deeply-held values, arriving at insights still relevant in our own media age.
Author : Susan Dwyer Amussen
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2009-03-24
Category : History
ISBN : 0807888834
English colonial expansion in the Caribbean was more than a matter of migration and trade. It was also a source of social and cultural change within England. Finding evidence of cultural exchange between England and the Caribbean as early as the seventeenth century, Susan Dwyer Amussen uncovers the learned practice of slaveholding. As English colonists in the Caribbean quickly became large-scale slaveholders, they established new organizations of labor, new uses of authority, new laws, and new modes of violence, punishment, and repression in order to manage slaves. Concentrating on Barbados and Jamaica, England's two most important colonies, Amussen looks at cultural exports that affected the development of race, gender, labor, and class as categories of legal and social identity in England. Concepts of law and punishment in the Caribbean provided a model for expanded definitions of crime in England; the organization of sugar factories served as a model for early industrialization; and the construction of the "white woman" in the Caribbean contributed to changing notions of "ladyhood" in England. As Amussen demonstrates, the cultural changes necessary for settling the Caribbean became an important, though uncounted, colonial export.
