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Author : Thorben Sprink,Ralf Alexander Wilhelm,Armin Spök,Jürgen Robienski,Stephan Schleissing,Joachim Hermann Schiemann
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-04-22
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889636709
Author : Thorben Sprink,Ralf Alexander Wilhelm,Armin Spök,Jürgen Robienski,Stephan Schleissing,Joachim Hermann Schiemann
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1368430762
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Author : Hans-Georg Dederer,David Hamburger
Publisher : Springer
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-16
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783030171193
This book provides in-depth insights into the regulatory frameworks of five countries and the EU concerning the regulation of genome edited plants. The country reports form the basis for a comparative analysis of the various national regulations governing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in general and genome edited plants in particular, as well as the underlying regulatory approaches.The reports, which focus on the regulatory status quo of genome edited plants in Argentina, Australia, Canada, the EU, Japan and the USA, were written by distinguished experts following a uniform structure. On this basis, the legal frameworks are compared in order to foster a rational assessment of which approaches could be drawn upon to adjust, or to completely realign, the current EU regime for GMOs. In addition, a separate chapter identifies potential best practices for the regulation of plants derived from genome editing.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452885
Genome editing is a powerful new tool for making precise alterations to an organism's genetic material. Recent scientific advances have made genome editing more efficient, precise, and flexible than ever before. These advances have spurred an explosion of interest from around the globe in the possible ways in which genome editing can improve human health. The speed at which these technologies are being developed and applied has led many policymakers and stakeholders to express concern about whether appropriate systems are in place to govern these technologies and how and when the public should be engaged in these decisions. Human Genome Editing considers important questions about the human application of genome editing including: balancing potential benefits with unintended risks, governing the use of genome editing, incorporating societal values into clinical applications and policy decisions, and respecting the inevitable differences across nations and cultures that will shape how and whether to use these new technologies. This report proposes criteria for heritable germline editing, provides conclusions on the crucial need for public education and engagement, and presents 7 general principles for the governance of human genome editing.
Author : Christian Dürnberger,Sebastian Pfeilmeier,Stephan Schleissing
Publisher : Nomos Verlag
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2019-02-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783845296432
Neue Pflanzenzüchtungstechnologien wie CRISPR/Cas haben das Potenzial zur Verbesserung der Nachhaltigkeit in der Landwirtschaft. Mit den Techniken des Genome Editing können die Erträge bei gleichzeitig reduziertem Pestizideinsatz gesteigert werden. Auch an der Verbesserung des Nährwerts von Pflanzen wird weltweit geforscht. Ob die neuen Techniken allerdings in Europa zum Einsatz kommen, ist gegenwärtig fraglich. Soll Genome Editing wie die "klassische" Gentechnik reguliert werden? Und wie kann eine verantwortliche Auslegung des Vorsorgeprinzips beim Einsatz der neuen Technologien aussehen? Die politische Diskussion um die Bewertung der neuen Pflanzenzüchtungstechnologien ist in vollem Gange. Die Beiträge dieses Sammelbands präsentieren rechtliche, soziale und ethische Aspekten zum Thema, die auf einer Summer School des Instituts Technik-Theologie-Naturwissenschaften (TTN) an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München zur Diskussion standen. Mit Beiträgen von Stephan Schleissing; Sebastian Pfeilmeier; Christian Dürnberger; Jarst van Belle; Jan Schaart; Robert van Loo; Katharina Unkel; Thorben Sprink; Aurélie Jouanin; Marinus J.M. Smulders; Hans-Georg Dederer; Brigitte Voigt; Felix Beck; João Otávio Benevides Demasi; Bartosz Bartkowski; Chad M. Baum; Alexander Bogner; Helge Torgersen; Sebastian Schubert; Anne Friederike Hoffmann; Ksenia Gerasimova; Karolina Rucinska
Author : Agnès Ricroch,Surinder Chopra,Marcel Kuntz
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2021-08-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030683450
Written in easy to follow language, the book presents cutting-edge agriculturally relevant plant biotechnologies and applications in a manner that is accessible to all. This book updates and introduces the scope and method of plant biotechnologies and molecular breeding within the context of environmental analysis and assessment, a diminishing supply of productive arable land, scarce water resources and climate change. New plant breeding techniques including CRISPR-cas system are now tools to meet these challenges both in developed countries and in developing countries. Ethical issues, intellectual property rights, regulation policies in various countries related to agricultural biotechnology are examined. The rapid developments in plant biotechnology are explained to a large audience with relevant examples. New varieties of crops can be adapted to new climatic conditions in order to reduce pest-associated losses and the adverse abiotic effects
Author : The Royal Society,National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Medicine,International Commission on the Clinical Use of Human Germline Genome Editing
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2021-01-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309671132
Heritable human genome editing - making changes to the genetic material of eggs, sperm, or any cells that lead to their development, including the cells of early embryos, and establishing a pregnancy - raises not only scientific and medical considerations but also a host of ethical, moral, and societal issues. Human embryos whose genomes have been edited should not be used to create a pregnancy until it is established that precise genomic changes can be made reliably and without introducing undesired changes - criteria that have not yet been met, says Heritable Human Genome Editing. From an international commission of the U.S. National Academy of Medicine, U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and the U.K.'s Royal Society, the report considers potential benefits, harms, and uncertainties associated with genome editing technologies and defines a translational pathway from rigorous preclinical research to initial clinical uses, should a country decide to permit such uses. The report specifies stringent preclinical and clinical requirements for establishing safety and efficacy, and for undertaking long-term monitoring of outcomes. Extensive national and international dialogue is needed before any country decides whether to permit clinical use of this technology, according to the report, which identifies essential elements of national and international scientific governance and oversight.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128117446
Gene Editing in Plants, Volume 149 aims to provide the reader with an up-to-date survey of cutting-edge research with gene editing tools and an overview of the implications of this research on the nutritional quality of fruits, vegetables and grains. New chapters in the updated volume include topics relating to Genome Engineering and Agriculture: Opportunities and Challenges, the Use of CRISPR/Cas9 for Crop Improvement in Maize and Soybean, the Use of Zinc-Finger Nucleases for Crop Improvement, Gene Editing in Polyploid Crops: Wheat, Camelina, Canola, Potato, Cotton, Peanut, Sugar Cane, and Citrus, and Gene Editing With TALEN and CRISPR/Cas in Rice. This ongoing serial contain contributions from leading scientists and researchers in the field of gene editing in plants who describe the results of their own research in this rapidly expanding area of science. Shows the importance of revolutionary gene editing technology on plant biology research and its application to agricultural production Provides insight into what may lie ahead in this rapidly expanding area of plant research and development Contains contributions from major leaders in the field of plant gene editing
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on Genetically Engineered Crops: Past Experience and Future Prospects
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 607 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2017-01-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309437387
Genetically engineered (GE) crops were first introduced commercially in the 1990s. After two decades of production, some groups and individuals remain critical of the technology based on their concerns about possible adverse effects on human health, the environment, and ethical considerations. At the same time, others are concerned that the technology is not reaching its potential to improve human health and the environment because of stringent regulations and reduced public funding to develop products offering more benefits to society. While the debate about these and other questions related to the genetic engineering techniques of the first 20 years goes on, emerging genetic-engineering technologies are adding new complexities to the conversation. Genetically Engineered Crops builds on previous related Academies reports published between 1987 and 2010 by undertaking a retrospective examination of the purported positive and adverse effects of GE crops and to anticipate what emerging genetic-engineering technologies hold for the future. This report indicates where there are uncertainties about the economic, agronomic, health, safety, or other impacts of GE crops and food, and makes recommendations to fill gaps in safety assessments, increase regulatory clarity, and improve innovations in and access to GE technology.
Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Food and Nutrition Board,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Identifying and Assessing Unintended Effects of Genetically Engineered Foods on Human Health
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2004-07-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309166157
Assists policymakers in evaluating the appropriate scientific methods for detecting unintended changes in food and assessing the potential for adverse health effects from genetically modified products. In this book, the committee recommended that greater scrutiny should be given to foods containing new compounds or unusual amounts of naturally occurring substances, regardless of the method used to create them. The book offers a framework to guide federal agencies in selecting the route of safety assessment. It identifies and recommends several pre- and post-market approaches to guide the assessment of unintended compositional changes that could result from genetically modified foods and research avenues to fill the knowledge gaps.
Author : Bidyut Kumar Sarmah,Basanta Kumar Borah
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2021-04-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030633721
This book serves the teachers, researchers and the students as a handy and concise reference as well as guidebook while designing and planning for use of the advanced technologies for crop improvement. The content of the book is designed to cover the latest genome engineering techniques for crop improvement. The conventional breeding has got its limitations such as non-availability of desired genes within the genepool. In many cases, breeding has been highly used and it has nearly reached its highest limit so far as the productivity and production of crops are concerned. However, with increasing need of food and decreasing resources, including water, land, labour, etc., to feed the growing population, the alternative available ways of increasing crop productivity need to be explored and exploited. Genome engineering has a wide scope that includes technologies such as genetic engineering and transgenesis, RNA technologies, CRISPR, cisgenics and subgenics for better productivity and more efficient biotic and abiotic stress management. Therefore, the book is planned to enlighten the readers with the advanced technologies with examples and case studies, whenever possible. Efforts will be made to emphasize on general efforts on various major food crops; however, it would also be made clear that such efforts could be taken as proofs of concepts and that this could be extrapolated keeping the demand in mind.
Author : Aftab Ahmad,Sultan Habibullah Khan,Zulqurnain Khan
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2021-01-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811571428
This book compiles the latest applications of the cutting-edge gene editing tool CRISPR/Cas in the area of crop improvement. It begins with an introduction to the technique and its application in crop plants. Next, it gives an updated overview of available delivery methods, design tools and resources in CRISPR/Cas. The book subsequently reviews the applications of CRISPR/Cas in connection with e.g. insect stress, disease stress, abiotic stress, nutritional and yield improvement in crop plants, etc. It also discusses the various regulatory, ethical and social aspects of the technique that must be kept in mind when designing experiments. In closing, the book summarizes the status quo and outlines future prospects for the tool in crop improvement and food security. Given its scope, the book will especially benefit students and researchers in food science, biotechnology, agriculture and the plant sciences.
Author : International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2022-05-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780896294257
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2020-12-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309676731
One of the holy grails in biology is the ability to predict functional characteristics from an organism's genetic sequence. Despite decades of research since the first sequencing of an organism in 1995, scientists still do not understand exactly how the information in genes is converted into an organism's phenotype, its physical characteristics. Functional genomics attempts to make use of the vast wealth of data from "-omics" screens and projects to describe gene and protein functions and interactions. A February 2020 workshop was held to determine research needs to advance the field of functional genomics over the next 10-20 years. Speakers and participants discussed goals, strategies, and technical needs to allow functional genomics to contribute to the advancement of basic knowledge and its applications that would benefit society. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author : Andrea Boggio,Cesare P. R. Romano,Jessica Almqvist
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 681 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2020-01-09
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108499873
A survey of the regulation of human germline genome modification in eighteen countries and the emerging international standards.
