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Policies Drain the North China Plain by Eloise Kendy,David J. Molden,Tammo S. Steenhuis,Changming Liu,Jinxia Wang Pdf
The report examines the relationships between agricultural policies in the North China Plain, the approaches to water management that evolved from them, the quantity of water that was actually used, and the consequent groundwater depletion beneath Luancheng County, Hebei Province, from 1949 to 2000. To systematically address these relationships, we use a comprehensive water-balance approach. Our results indicate that a single, longstanding policy-that of using groundwater to meet the crop-water requirements not supplied by precipitation-is responsible for the steady rate of groundwater decline.
The Agricultural Groundwater Revolution by Mark Giordano,Karen G. Villholth Pdf
While addressing the issues of using groundwater in agriculture for irrigation in the developing world, this book discusses the problems associated with the degradation and overexploitation of using it. It explores the practiced and potential methods for its management in the context of agricultural development.
Irrigation Water Pricing by François Molle,Jeremy Berkoff Pdf
Much hope has been vested in pricing as a means of helping to regulate and rationalize water management, notably in the irrigation sector. The pricing of water has often been applied universally, using general and ideological policies, and not considering regional environmental and economic differences. Almost 15 years after the emphasis laid at the Dublin and Rio conferences on treating water as an economic good, a comprehensive review of how such policies have helped manage water resources an irrigation use is necessary. The case-studies presented here offer a reassessment of current policies by evaluating their objectives and constraints and often demonstrating their failure by not considering the regional context. They will therefore contribute to avoiding costly and misplaced reforms and help design water policies that are based on a deeper understanding of the factors which eventually dictate their effectiveness.
Water Resilience for Human Prosperity by Johan Rockström Pdf
A new approach to water-resources for researchers, professionals and graduate students, focusing on global sustainability and socio-ecological resilience to change.
Water Resources Planning and Management by R. Quentin Grafton,Karen Hussey Pdf
Water is an increasingly critical issue at the forefront of global policy change, management and planning. There are growing concerns about water as a renewable resource, its availability for a wide range of users, aquatic ecosystem health, and global issues relating to climate change, water security, water trading and water ethics. This handbook provides the most comprehensive reference ever published on water resource issues. It brings together multiple disciplines to understand and help resolve problems of water quality and scarcity from a global perspective. Its case studies and 'foundation' chapters will be greatly valued by students, researchers and professionals involved in water resources, hydrology, governance and public policy, law, economics, geography and environmental studies.
River Basin Trajectories by François Molle,Philippus Wester Pdf
This book contains 11 papers which cover a range of vital topics in the areas of water, agriculture, food security and ecosystems - the entire spectrum of developing and managing water in agriculture, from fully irrigated to fully rainfed lands. They are about people and society, why they decide to adopt certain practices and not others and, in particular, how water management can help poor people. They are about ecosystems - how agriculture affects ecosystems, the goods and services ecosystems provide for food security and how water can be managed to meet both food and environmental security objectives. This is the eighth book in the series.
Author : World Bank Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 212 pages File Size : 44,7 Mb Release : 2008-06-17 Category : Political Science ISBN : 0821374338
Sustainable Land Management Sourcebook by World Bank Pdf
Policies promoting pro-poor agricultural growth are the key to helping countries achieve the Millennium Development Goals especially the goal of halving poverty and hunger by 2015. The public sector, private sector, and civil society organizations are working to enhance productivity and competitiveness of the agricultural sector to reduce rural poverty and sustain the natural resource base. The pathways involve participation by rural communities, science and technology, knowledge generation and further learning, capacity enhancement, and institution building. Sustainable land management (SLM) an essential component of such policies will help to ensure the productivity of agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and hydrology. SLM will also support a range of ecosystem services on which agriculture depends. The 'Sustainable Land Management Sourcebook' provides a knowledge repository of tested practices and innovative resource management approaches that are currently being tested. The diverse menu of options represents the current state of the art of good land management practices. Section one identifies the need and scope for SLM and food production in relation to cross-sector issues such as freshwater and forest resources, regional climate and air quality, and interactions with biodiversity conservation and increasingly valuable ecosystem services. Section two categorizes the diversity of land management systems globally and the strategies for improving household livelihoods in each system type. Section three presents a range of investment notes that summarize good practice, as well as innovative activity profiles that highlight design of successful or innovative investments. Section four identifies easy-to-access, Web-based resources relevant for land and natural resource managers. The 'Sourcebook' is a living document that will be periodically updated and expanded as new material and findings become available on good land management practices. This book will be of interest to project managers and practitioners working to enhance land and natural resource management in developing countries.
The Root Systems in Sustainable Agricultural Intensification by Zed Rengel,Ivica Djalovic Pdf
Explore an in-depth and insightful collection of resources discussing various aspects of root structure and function in intensive agricultural systems The Root Systems in Sustainable Agricultural Intensification delivers a comprehensive treatment of state-of-the-art concepts in the theoretical and practical aspects of agricultural management to enhance root system architecture and function. The book emphasizes the agricultural measures that enhance root capacity to develop and function under a range of water and nutrient regimes to maximize food, feed, and fibre production, as well as minimize undesirable water and nutrient losses to the environment. This reference includes resources that discuss a variety of soil, plant, agronomy, farming system, breeding, molecular and modelling aspects to the subject. It also discusses strategies and mechanisms that underpin increased water- and nutrient-use efficiency and combines consideration of natural and agricultural systems to show the continuity of traits and mechanisms. Finally, the book explores issues related to the global economy as well as widespread social issues that arise from, or are underpinned by, agricultural intensification. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to sustainable intensification, including its meaning, the need for the technology, components, and the role of root systems Exploration of the dynamics of root systems in crop and pasture genotypes over the last 100 years Discussion of the interplay between root structure and function with soil microbiome in enhancing efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus acquisition Evaluation of water uptake in drying soil, including balancing supply and demand Perfect for agronomists, horticulturalists, plant and soil scientists, breeders, and soil microbiologists, The Root Systems in Sustainable Agricultural Intensification will also earn a place in the libraries of advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in this field who seek a one-stop reference in the area of root structure and function.
Advances in Geosciences is the result of a concerted effort in bringing the latest results and planning activities related to earth and space science in Asia and the international arena. The volume editors are all leading scientists in their research fields covering five sections: Solid Earth (SE), Solar Terrestrial (ST), Planetary Science (PS), Hydrological Science (HS), and Oceans and Atmospheres (OA). The main purpose is to highlight the scientific issues essential to the study of earthquakes, tsunamis, climate change, drought, flood, typhoons, space weathers, and planetary exploration. This volume is abstracted in NASA's Astrophysics Data System: http://ads.harvard.edu Contents:Volume 1: Solid Earth (SE) Source Process of the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake (L S XU & Y T Chen)Fuzzy Logic Model for Multi-Reservoir Operation (S Mohan & M A Prasad)Test of Inner Core Super Rotation Using Gravity Variation (W Shen & J Ning)The Earth-Mantle Model Using a Seismogram Analysis on Halmahera Earthquake C112597C with the PMG Observation Station (B J Santosa)GPS Estimate of the Tectonic Activity and Deformation in North China (C Xu & Z Li)Large-Scale Silicic Volcanism — The Result of Thermal Maturation of the Crust (S de Silva et al.)and other papersVolume 2: Solar Terrestrial (ST)Solar Coronal Plumes: Theoretical Concepts and Results (M Cuntz)Observational Study of Solar Magnetic Active Phenomena by Huairou Vector Magnetograph (H Zhang)Sector Boundary Crossings and Geomagnetic Activities (S Watari & T Watanabe)Aurora-Associated Phenomena and the ePOP Mission (L M Kagan)Ultra Long Range Aircraft Operations and Space Weather (I L Getley & M L Duldig)Link Between Cosmic Rays and Clouds on Different Time Scales (I G Usoskin & G A Kovaltsov)Effects of Typhoon on the Ionosphere (Y-M Liu et al.)A Mission Called SAPPORO (W-H Ip et al.)and other papersVolume 3: Planetary Science (PS)Review of Mariner 10 Observations: Mercury Surface Impact Processes (C R Chapman)On the Dynamics of Charged Particles in the Magnetosphere of Mercury (D C Delcourt & K Seki)Neutral Atom Emission from Mercury (A Mura et al.)Diagnosing the Mercury Plasma Environment Using Low-Frequency Electric Field Measurements (L G Blomberg & J A Cumnock)Low Energy Ion Observation by Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter: MMO (Y Saito et al.)Ice on the Moon and Mercury (D H Crider et al.)The Bulk Density of Cometary Nuclei (B J R Davidsson)A Mission Called SAPPORO (W-H Ip et al.)and other papersVolume 4: Hydrological Science (HS)Simulation Korea Summer Monsoon Rainfall with NCAR Regional Climate Model (F P Singh et al.)Urban Flood Analysis with Underground Space (K Toda et al.)Climate Variability and Drought in Rajasthan (A Goel & R B Singh)Modeling of Floodplain Inundation Process in Low-Lying Areas (P T Hai et al.)Oxygen Transfer by Flow Characteristics at Stepped Drop Structure (J-H Kim)Inter and Intra Neuronal Systems for Reservoir Operation (R B Varadharajan)Sensitivity Analysis for Optimization Model for Coastal Groundwater (S-H Hong & N Park)and other papersVolume 5: Oceans and Atmospheres (OA)Sabah Shoreline Management Plan (F Jakobsen et al.)Potential for Sulfide Mineral Deposits in Australian Waters (T F McConachy)Local to Long-Range Dust Transport over Central Eastern Australia (M S Speer & L M Leslie)Interannual Variations in Pacific SST Deviations through AVHRR (J Yu & P Gloersen)An Investigation of Winter Rainfall and Snowfall in the Mountain and Coast (H Choi)Impact of Regional Circulation and Heat Budget to Tropical Night (H Choi & D S Choi)and other papers Readership: Academics, researchers and postgraduate students in geosciences.Keywords:Planetary Science;Atmosphere;Ionosphere;Magnetosphere
Groundwater around the World by Jean Margat,Jac van der Gun Pdf
This book presents a unique and up-to-date summary of what is known about groundwater on our planet, from a global perspective and in terms of area-specific factual information. Unlike most textbooks on groundwater, it does not deal with theoretical principles, but rather with the overall picture that emerges as a result of countless observations, studies and other activities related to groundwater in all parts of the world. The focus is on showing the role and geographical diversity of groundwater—a natural resource of great importance in daily life, but poorly understood by the general public and even by many water sector professionals. The book starts by analysing groundwater in the context of the hydrological cycle. Subsequently, groundwater systems as physical units, with their boundaries mainly defined by geological conditions, are reviewed. The next chapter looks at groundwater as a resource, paying attention, among others, to its quantity and quality, to the differentiation between renewable and non-renewable resources, and to the techniques for withdrawing groundwater. This is followed by a systematic documentation of the quantities of groundwater withdrawn and used around the world, and of the corresponding shares of groundwater in each of the main water use sectors. After that, steadily growing needs for groundwater management interventions are identified, resulting from local human activities and global change (including demography, economic development and climate change). Finally, groundwater resources management is addressed and real-life cases are described that illustrate actions taken and experiences with different issues in different parts of the world. The authors attempted to write this book in such a way that it is accessible to a wider readership than just groundwater professionals. It will also benefit non-groundwater specialists who work in groundwater-related fields (water managers, land use planners, environmentalists, agronomists, engineers, economists, lawyers, and journalists), by broadening their understanding of groundwater and making them aware of the huge variety of groundwater settings. Groundwater specialists will use the book as a convenient reference on the geographical diversity of groundwater. Part of the contents or interpretations offered may even be new to them or enhance their knowledge of some aspects. The many maps, tables, and references will save much time for those who would otherwise have to search elsewhere for basic information on the globe’s groundwater.
Small dams and social capital in Yemen: How assistance strategies affect local investment and institutions by Vermillion, Douglas Lynn, Al-Shaybani, S. Pdf
This report examines the development of eight small dam projects in the mountainous province of Al-Mahweet in north-central Yemen. The report also investigates how external assistance affects incentives for local people to invest in dam development and water delivery systems and also to create rules, property rights and institutional arrangements to manage the dam and water.
Sustainability of Engineered Rivers In Arid Lands by Jurgen Schmandt,Aysegül Kibaroglu,Regina Buono,Sephra Thomas Pdf
Interdisciplinary volume considers how nine arid/semi-arid river basins with irrigated agriculture will survive future climate change, siltation, and decreased flow.
Public Sector Reforms in Developing Countries by Charles Conteh,Ahmed Shafiqul Huque Pdf
The underpinning assumption of public management in the developing world as a process of planned change is increasingly being recognized as unrealistic. In reality, the practice of development management is characterized by processes of mutual adjustment among individuals, agencies, and interest groups that can constrain behaviour, as well as provide incentives for collaborative action. Paradoxes inevitably emerge in policy network practice and design. The ability to manage government departments and operations has become less important than the ability to navigate the complex world of interconnected policy implementation processes. Public sector reform policies and programmes, as a consequence, are a study in the complexities of the institutional and environmental context in which these reforms are pursued. Building on theory and practice, this book argues that advancing the theoretical frontlines of development management research and practice can benefit from developing models based on innovation, collaboration and governance. The themes addressed in Public Sector Reforms in Developing Countries will enable public managers in developing countries cope in uncertain and turbulent environments as they seek optimal fits between their institutional goals and environmental contingencies.