Policy Bureaucracy

Author : Morton H. Halperin,Priscilla Clapp
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2007-02-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780815734109

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Bureaucratic Politics and Foreign Policy by Morton H. Halperin,Priscilla Clapp Pdf

The first edition of Bureaucratic Politics and Foreign Policy is one of the most successful Brookings titles of all time. This thoroughly revised version updates that classic analysis of the role played by the federal bureaucracy—civilian career officials, political appointees, and military officers—and Congress in formulating U.S. national security policy, illustrating how policy decisions are actually made. Government agencies, departments, and individuals all have certain interests to preserve and promote. Those priorities, and the conflicts they sometimes spark, heavily influence the formulation and implementation of foreign policy. A decision that looks like an orchestrated attempt to influence another country may in fact represent a shaky compromise between rival elements within the U.S. government. The authors provide numerous examples of bureaucratic maneuvering and reveal how they have influenced our international relations. The revised edition includes new examples of bureaucratic politics from the past three decades, from Jimmy Carter's view of the State Department to conflicts between George W. Bush and the bureaucracy regarding Iraq. The second edition also includes a new analysis of Congress's role in the politics of foreign policymaking.

Author : Edward C Page,Bill Jenkins
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2005-08-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191515613

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Policy Bureaucracy by Edward C Page,Bill Jenkins Pdf

Policy making is not only about the cut and thrust of politics. It is also a bureaucratic activity. Long before laws are drafted, policy commitments made, or groups consulted on government proposals, officials will have been working away to shape the policy into a form in which it can be presented to ministers and the outside world. Policy bureaucracies - parts of government organizations with specific responsibility for maintaining and developing policy - have to be mobilized before most significant policy initiatives are launched. This book describes the range of work policy officials do. The 140 civil servants interviewed for this study included officials who helped originate policies which were subsequently taken over as manifesto commitments by the Labour Party; officials who helped devise the formula by which billions of pounds are allocated to local government in grants; and also officials who recommended to the Secretary of State that a controversial publisher be allowed to take over a national newspaper. The background and career paths of middle-ranking officials show them to be a diverse group who do not tend to develop long-term subject specialisms. The instructions to which these officials work - whether coming from ministers or senior officials - are often very broad and leave much to personal interpretation. Policy Bureaucracy goes on to examine how ministers and senior officials affect the work of middle ranking officials and the cues policy bureaucrats use to develop policy. The analytical approach adopted in the book is derived from Alvin Gouldner's Patterns of Industrial Bureaucracy and his elaboration of Max Weber's notion that hierarchy and expertise place a fundamental tension at the heart of modern bureaucracies. In the UK this tension is handled by combining 'invited authority' with 'improvised expertise'. The book also explores other models of handling this tension in political systems in Europe and the USA.

Author : Francis Edward Rourke
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UOM:39015013910669

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Bureaucracy, Politics, and Public Policy by Francis Edward Rourke Pdf

Author : Rachel Augustine Potter
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780226621883

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Bending the Rules by Rachel Augustine Potter Pdf

Who determines the fuel standards for our cars? What about whether Plan B, the morning-after pill, is sold at the local pharmacy? Many people assume such important and controversial policy decisions originate in the halls of Congress. But the choreographed actions of Congress and the president account for only a small portion of the laws created in the United States. By some estimates, more than ninety percent of law is created by administrative rules issued by federal agencies like the Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of Health and Human Services, where unelected bureaucrats with particular policy goals and preferences respond to the incentives created by a complex, procedure-bound rulemaking process. With Bending the Rules, Rachel Augustine Potter shows that rulemaking is not the rote administrative activity it is commonly imagined to be but rather an intensely political activity in its own right. Because rulemaking occurs in a separation of powers system, bureaucrats are not free to implement their preferred policies unimpeded: the president, Congress, and the courts can all get involved in the process, often at the bidding of affected interest groups. However, rather than capitulating to demands, bureaucrats routinely employ “procedural politicking,” using their deep knowledge of the process to strategically insulate their proposals from political scrutiny and interference. Tracing the rulemaking process from when an agency first begins working on a rule to when it completes that regulatory action, Potter shows how bureaucrats use procedures to resist interference from Congress, the President, and the courts at each stage of the process. This exercise reveals that unelected bureaucrats wield considerable influence over the direction of public policy in the United States.

Author : Ali Farazmand
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2009-06-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1420015222

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Bureaucracy and Administration by Ali Farazmand Pdf

Bureaucracy is an age-old form of government that has survived since ancient times; it has provided order and persisted with durability, dependability, and stability. The popularity of the first edition of this book, entitled Handbook of Bureaucracy, is testimony to the endurance of bureaucratic institutions. Reflecting the accelerated globalization of corporate capitalism, cultures, and governance systems and the additional complexity in the tasks of public administrators, Bureaucracy and Administration presents a comprehensive, global perspective that highlights the dramatic changes of the last 15 years in governance, business, and public administration. Reflects Dramatic Changes in Governance, Business, and Public Administration Through articles contributed by international experts, this volume provides a thorough analysis of bureaucracies worldwide and their effect on politics, economics, and society. The book begins by exploring the historical antecedents of bureaucracy, looking at some of the great ancient civilizations and their administrative traditions, achievements, and contributions to modern administration and governance systems. In the next section, leading scholars from political science, sociology, governance, and public administration present a detailed review of theoretical and conceptual perspectives on bureaucracies and bureaucratic politics. Following an examination of bureaucracy and public management and presenting topics such as the response to Hurricane Katrina, training of bureaucrats, and ethical issues, contributors review bureaucratic politics in the Americas, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. The book concludes with a focused analysis of bureaucracy, change, reform, and revolution, highlighting implications for future governance and administration. Comprising theoretical and empirical analyses and including perspectives which span from ancient to modern times, this volume comprehensively and authoritatively advances the knowledge of the nature, role, and function of bureaucracy as the core of sound governance and administration around the world.

Author : James Q. Wilson
Publisher : Hachette UK
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2019-08-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781541646254

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Bureaucracy by James Q. Wilson Pdf

The classic book on the way American government agencies work and how they can be made to work better -- the "masterwork" of political scientist James Q. Wilson (The Economist) In Bureaucracy, the distinguished scholar James Q. Wilson examines a wide range of bureaucracies, including the US Army, the FBI, the CIA, the FCC, and the Social Security Administration, providing the first comprehensive, in-depth analysis of what government agencies do, why they operate the way they do, and how they might become more responsible and effective. It is the essential guide to understanding how American government works.

Author : Michael Lipsky
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1983-06-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781610443623

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Street-Level Bureaucracy by Michael Lipsky Pdf

Street-Level Bureaucracy is an insightful study of how public service workers, in effect, function as policy decision makers, as they wield their considerable discretion in the day-to-day implementation of public programs.

Author : Michael W. Bauer,Christoph Knill,Steffen Eckhard
Publisher : Springer
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2016-10-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781349949779

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International Bureaucracy by Michael W. Bauer,Christoph Knill,Steffen Eckhard Pdf

This book applies established analytical concepts such as influence, authority, administrative styles, autonomy, budgeting and multilevel administration to the study of international bureaucracies and their political environment. It reflects on the commonalities and differences between national and international administrations and carefully constructs the impact of international administrative tools on policy making. The book shows how the study of international bureaucracies can fertilize interdisciplinary discourse, in particular between International Relations, Comparative Government and Public Administration. The book makes a forceful argument for Public Administration to take on the challenge of internationalization.

Author : Arnold J. Meltsner
Publisher : University of California Press
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780520302839

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Policy Analysts in the Bureaucracy by Arnold J. Meltsner Pdf

Who advises our policy makers in Washington? What brings these advisors to the federal bureaucracy and keeps them there? And how do their clients and the bureaucratic context influence the choices they make in selecting, defining, and working on problems of public policy? In the late 1960s, professional policy advisors—called policy analysts—began to emerge in the Washington bureaucracy. Their job: to provide information and advice about the consequences of choosing different policies. Arnold J. Meltsner examines the various roles they asumed and the ways in which their priorities and methods were affected by the people they advised and the bureaucratic environment. Drawing on interviews with analysts and using his own experience as a government consultant, Meltsner shows how political and organizational considerations extended the boundaries of the advisor's role in a way that went far beyond the analyst's own notions of what policy analysis was. As the profession began to take shape, there were few standards of external organizations to set expectations for the analyst's work. As advisors on the inside, many policy analysts became adept at writing speeches and memos and making political calculations. In short, they took on the folkways of the bureaucrat. This detailed and vivid account of the experiences of analysts in a government agency is written not only for students of the subject but for all those interested in the general processes of our government. By providing a picture of the roles and behavior of the policy analyst, Meltsner points out the predicaments facing those who try to improve the effectiveness of analytical expertise within the government. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1976.

Author : Randall B. Ripley,Grace A. Franklin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : PSU:000015705310

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Policy Implementation and Bureaucracy by Randall B. Ripley,Grace A. Franklin Pdf

Author : Jon S. T. Quah
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 517 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2016-02-12
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781107545175

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The Role of the Public Bureaucracy in Policy Implementation in Five ASEAN Countries by Jon S. T. Quah Pdf

Comparative analysis of the public bureaucracy's implementation of two ASEAN policies in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Vietnam.

Author : George A. Krause,Kenneth J. Meier
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2009-12-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0472024043

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Politics, Policy, and Organizations by George A. Krause,Kenneth J. Meier Pdf

This groundbreaking work provides a new and more accurate guide to the interactions of bureaucracies with other political institutions and the public at large."--Jacket.

Author : Shirley Ardener,Fiona Moore
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2007-08-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780857458865

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Professional Identities by Shirley Ardener,Fiona Moore Pdf

In both professional and academic fields, there is increasing interest in the way in which white-collar workers engage with institutions and networks which are complex social constructions. Covering a wide variety of countries and types of organization, this volume examines the diverse ways in which individuals' ethnic, gender, corporate and professional identities interact. This book brings together fields often viewed in isolation: ethnographies of groups traditionally studied by anthropologists in new organisational contexts, and examinations of the role of identity in corporate life, opening up new perspectives on central areas of contemporary human activity. It will be of great interest to those concerned with practical management of institutions, as well as those of us who find ourselves working within them.

Author : Dennis D. Riley,Bryan E. Brophy-Baermann
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0742538117

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Bureaucracy and the Policy Process by Dennis D. Riley,Bryan E. Brophy-Baermann Pdf

The central role that bureaucracy plays in the policy process is played by individuals, namely, by subject matter experts and managers we call political executives. The context in which these executives play their roles is defined by three key forces--the organizational environment of bureaucracy itself; our governing philosophy stressing responsiveness, respect for individual rights, and accountability; and the demands of the people and the institutions those people have created to govern themselves. This book provides an in-depth look at each of these forces, with chapters specifically devoted to how bureaucrats interpret their role in the policy process, how the organizational environment influences their ability to play that role, and most of all, to the interactions between bureaucrats and the institutions of what we call the Constitutional government--the President, the Congress, and the Courts.

Author : Edward C Page
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-09-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191628306

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Policy Without Politicians by Edward C Page Pdf

Have bureaucrats taken over the decision making role of politicians? This book offers a direct assessment of the role of bureaucrats in policy making by analysing how they shape policy in making decrees - laws that generally do not pass through full legislative scrutiny. These are often described as "secondary legislation" and are known by a variety of names (including décrets, arrêtés, administrative regulations, Verordnungen, statutory instruments). Such decrees offer an important vantage point for understanding bureaucratic power not only because they account for a large proportion of policy making activity within the executive, but also because they are made largely away from the glare of publicity. If bureaucrats have strong policy making powers and use them in a way that minimises political involvement in policy making, we would expect to find these powers especially evident in this "everyday" decision making. The book is based on research examining 52 decrees produced between 2005 and 2008 in six jurisdictions: France, the UK, Germany, Sweden, the United States and the European Union. The comparative perspective allows one to see how far different patterns of bureaucratic involvement in policy making are characteristic of particular political systems and how far they are a general feature of modern bureaucracies. The book asks three main questions about how these decrees are produced: when do politicians become involved in making them? What happens when politicians become involved? And what happens when they are not involved? The answers to these questions are provided by examination of primary source material as well as interviews with over 90 officials.