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Political Economy of Fairness by Edward E. Zajac Pdf
This work questions how governments should balance the aims of justice and economic efficiency when intervening in the economy. It covers the main advances of fairness theory and reviews the experimental work of economists as well as the more standard approaches of moral philosophers.
The main features of the just society, as they would be chosen by the unanimous, impartial, and fully informed judgment of its members, present a remarkable and simple meaningful structure. In this society, individuals' freedom is full respected, and redistribution amounts to an equal sharing of individuals' different earnings obtained by the same limited "equalization labour." This also amounts to general balanced reciprocity, where each individual yields to each other the proceeds of the same labour. The concept of equalization labour is a measure of the degree of community, solidarity, reciprocity, redistribution, and equalization of the under consideration. It is determined by a number of methods presented in this study, which also emphasizes the rationality, meanings, properties, and ways of practical implementation of this optimum distribution. This result is compared with various distributive principles found in practice and in political, philosophical, and economic thinking, with the conclusion that most can have their proper specific scope of application. The analytical presentation of the social ethics of economics is particularly enlightening. Serge-Christophe Kolm is the author of more than thirty books and several hundred professional articles concerning, notably, normative economics, public economics, macroeconomics, social change, and political psychological philosophy. He is Professor and Director at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris.
In this book, the author argues that to achieve a fair global economy, there must be compensation of people harmed by their exposure to the global economy, but also equal division of the "gains of trade" across societies.
A Political Economy of Justice by Danielle Allen,Yochai Benkler,Leah Downey,Rebecca Henderson,Josh Simons Pdf
Defining a just economy in a tenuous social-political time. If we can agree that our current social-political moment is tenuous and unsustainable—and indeed, that may be the only thing we can agree on right now—then how do markets, governments, and people interact in this next era of the world? A Political Economy of Justice considers the strained state of our political economy in terms of where it can go from here. The contributors to this timely and essential volume look squarely at how normative and positive questions about political economy interact with each other—and from that beginning, how to chart a way forward to a just economy. A Political Economy of Justice collects fourteen essays from prominent scholars across the social sciences, each writing in one of three lanes: the measures of a just political economy; the role of firms; and the roles of institutions and governments. The result is a wholly original and urgent new benchmark for the next stage of our democracy.
Economic theory and philosophy have discussed concepts of fairness, but the criteria of fairness are in each case absolute: a situation is either fair or it is not. This book draws on these literatures to propose two criteria of relative fairness, and a hierarchical rule for the priority of application of these criteria, with a view to comparison of practicable alternatives in public policy.
Fairness and Justice in Natural Resource Politics by Melanie Pichler,Cornelia Staritz,Karin Küblböck,Christina Plank,Werner Raza,Fernando Ruiz Peyré Pdf
As demand for natural resources increases due to the rise in world population and living standards, conflicts over their access and control are becoming more prevalent. This book critically assesses different approaches to and conceptualizations of resource fairness and justice and applies them to the analysis of resource conflicts. Approaches addressed include cosmopolitan liberalism, political economy and political ecology. These are applied at various scales (local, national, international) and to initiatives and instruments in public and private resource governance, such as corporate social responsibility instruments, certification schemes, international law and commodity markets. In doing so, the contributions contrast existing approaches to fairness and justice and extend them by taking into account the interplay between political scales, regions, resources, and power structures in "glocalized" resource politics. Various case studies are included concerning agriculture, agrofuels, land grabbing, water resources, mining and biodiversity. The volume adds to the academic and policy debate by bringing together a variety of disciplines and perspectives in order to advance both a research and policy agenda that puts notions of resource fairness and justice center-stage.
Capital and Justice by Gerson Pereira Lima,Maria Alejandra Caporale Madi Pdf
The book Capital and Justice calls for a deep examination of current power, politics and economics in a social context where democratic institutions are being threatened. The contributions discuss the various aspects of global accumulation, production and employment from a broader perspective in order to examine their interlinkages with other economic, social, and political processes. Indeed, concerns with social inclusion extend well beyond the purely economic account of justice and fairness, since the degree of economic inequality also affects social cohesion and political stability, and can also have negative implications for economic growth and democratic institutions. The book focuses on the theoretical analysis and empirical discussions about the contemporary relations among the inflated financial markets, the low investment trends and the changes in the patterns of production and employment. In this respect, there were three groups of contributions that aim to think and build a just economy. The first group (Koo; Hermann; Madi) presents the main features of global economic dynamics. The second (Yadu and Satheesha; Eynon) analyses the urgent social challenges and the trends in political strategies. Finally, the third group (Komlos; Lima; Morgan-MilA) challenges conventional mainstream viewpoints and highlight the foundations of an alternative political economy paradigm. The editors, Gerson P. Lima and Maria Alejandra Madi, hope the book will stimulate further debate among students, professional economists and social scientists - whether academics or not - on how to progress towards rethinking the relations between economics, justice and democracy, that is, between economics and politics. "This is a timely book of extraordinary importance for both academic and non-academic audiences. Written by progressive economists, the book is not only insightful and disturbing, but also convincing and inspiring. The book examines the convoluted journey of economic globalization that has fundamentally reshaped capital and labour around the world since late 1980s. It demonstrates that economic globalization has subjugated politics to economics, and in the process, empowered the rich and disempowered the poor. As such, the authors advocate for new ways of promoting policy initiatives that are more socially inclusive and economically just. Obviously, this requires re-gaining the primacy of politics over economics and reorienting the economic matrix of market economics in both theory and practice." Wilder Robles, Assistant Professor, Department of Rural Studies, Brandon University, Manitoba, Canada. "The is the best book by economists I've read on economics and justice. Almost makes it possible to see that justice and economics are not natural enemies. Keep probing." Kenneth R. Zimmerman, PhD, Principal Research Historian, The History Business (www.thehistorybusiness.com), United States "This new World Economics Association book, edited by Gerson P. Lima and Maria Alejandra Madi, addresses some of the current hottest issues after the 2008 financial meltdown, trying to build a bridge between politics and economics. The traditional approach has been to respect a division of labor within the social sciences where economic and political science studies were supposed to belong to different worlds. The result has been to extract the essentials from most of the crucial issues of the economic and political reality." Victor A. Beker, Professor of Economics at the University of Belgrano and the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
A Theory of Fairness and Social Welfare by Marc Fleurbaey,François Maniquet Pdf
The definition and measurement of social welfare have been a vexed issue for the past century. This book makes a constructive, easily applicable proposal and suggests how to evaluate the economic situation of a society in a way that gives priority to the worse-off and that respects each individual's preferences over his or her own consumption, work, leisure and so on. This approach resonates with the current concern to go 'beyond the GDP' in the measurement of social progress. Compared to technical studies in welfare economics, this book emphasizes constructive results rather than paradoxes and impossibilities, and shows how one can start from basic principles of efficiency and fairness and end up with concrete evaluations of policies. Compared to more philosophical treatments of social justice, this book is more precise about the definition of social welfare and reaches conclusions about concrete policies and institutions only after a rigorous derivation from clearly stated principles.
A provocative new vision of free market capitalism that achieves liberal ends by libertarian means Can libertarians care about social justice? In Free Market Fairness, John Tomasi argues that they can and should. Drawing simultaneously on moral insights from defenders of economic liberty such as F. A. Hayek and advocates of social justice such as John Rawls, Tomasi presents a new theory of liberal justice. This theory, free market fairness, is committed to both limited government and the material betterment of the poor. Unlike traditional libertarians, Tomasi argues that property rights are best defended not in terms of self-ownership or economic efficiency but as requirements of democratic legitimacy. At the same time, he encourages egalitarians concerned about social justice to listen more sympathetically to the claims ordinary citizens make about the importance of private economic liberty in their daily lives. In place of the familiar social democratic interpretations of social justice, Tomasi offers a "market democratic" conception of social justice: free market fairness. Tomasi argues that free market fairness, with its twin commitment to economic liberty and a fair distribution of goods and opportunities, is a morally superior account of liberal justice. Free market fairness is also a distinctively American ideal. It extends the notion, prominent in America's founding period, that protection of property and promotion of real opportunity are indivisible goals. Indeed, according to Tomasi, free market fairness is social justice, American style. Provocative and vigorously argued, Free Market Fairness offers a bold new way of thinking about politics, economics, and justice—one that will challenge readers on both the left and right.
Social Fairness and Economics by Lance Taylor,Armon Rezai,Thomas Michl Pdf
This volume brings together papers inspired by the work of Duncan Foley, an extraordinarily productive economist who has made seminal contributions to a wide variety of areas. Foley’s work cannot be easily classified, but one thread that runs through it is a critical examination (along both ethical and analytical lines) of conventional neoclassical economic theory, particularly involving general equilibrium theories of value and money. Foley was a pioneer of complexity economics as well, which adopts approaches to these questions drawn from natural sciences, so the collection therefore has an interdisciplinary quality that will interest a wide variety of readers. Some of the chapters are intellectual biographies that contextualize and identify Foley’s contributions to Keynesian macroeconomics, Marxian value theory, and complexity theory in economics. The topics covered include the economics of complexity; the ethics of general equilibrium theory; the economics of climate change; applications of Keynesian, Marxian and Ricardian political economy; and money and financial crises. The collection should be useful to scholars who work in various economic traditions critical of the currently dominant free-market approach, but it also speaks to scholars of critical theory in various disciplines beyond economics such as the mathematicians, physicists, and other natural scientists who are interested in understanding the complexity of social processes using their analytical frameworks. This book should also appeal to graduate students in economics who are working in these traditions, as well as scholars (including current graduate students in orthodox programs) who are dissatisfied with the current state of economic theory and would like to satisfy their intellectual curiosity by sampling the contributions of critical theorists.
Fairness in the World Economy by Americo Beviglia Zampetti Pdf
Americo Beviglia Zampetti s Fairness in the World Economy provides an important lens into understanding fairness debates in contemporary trade discourse. . . an important contribution to the trade literature. . . the historical excavation that Fairness in the World Economy provides is of great value. Students and scholars alike will find Zampetti s clear and concise history of US trade policy from the founding to the present to be extremely useful. More importantly, at a time when there is widespread argument that too few share in [globalization s] benefits [and] too many have no voice in its design and no influence on its course, Fairness in the World Economy invites its readers to consider the adequacy of the level playing field notion of fairness and to grapple with the politically contentious question of how trade can help create a more just international economic order. Jeffrey L. Dunoff, The American Journal of International Law This is an unusually timely and insightful work, addressing the crucial issue of the justice of globalization. The author avoids the polemics and abstractions with which this question is usually treated; his economic literacy as well as hands-on policy experience in international and transnational institutions, make this a uniquely practical, balanced and nuanced account, bringing much clarity to a heated debate, which usually divides the different disciplines and specialities rather than inciting their engagement. Robert L. Howse, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, US This volume describes the birth (with all the birth defects) of the notion of fairness in the US. The extent of the author's research is quite breathtaking: not only does he delve into an infinite series of official and semi-official documents, but he also looks at case law, opinions expressed in the literature etc., to come up with an expression of (US) fairness that does not suffer from selection bias. But this is only half what the author has accomplished through his work. He goes on to examine how US fairness has been exported to international institutions (such as the GATT/WTO regime) and demonstrates how, once discussed and shaped among all trading partners, it has come back to the US in a different form. The book thus provides both the inside out and the outside in perspective. It will prove invaluable for the political scientist, the economic historian and the lawyer alike. Petros C. Mavroidis, Edwin B. Parker Professor of Law, Columbia Law School, US and University of Neuchatel, Switzerland & CEPR This book represents a significant scholarly contribution to the field of international political economy, with particular respect to the evolution of the multilateral trading system. The author engages effectively with the current debate concerning the conflict between the legalistic foundations of the multilateral trading system underpinned by the equality of nation states and the demands for fair trade on the basis of inter-personal equity. It is a coherent and well-researched book on a critically important issue that has not received the significant attention that it deserves within the field of international trade policy. Robert Read, Lancaster University Management School, UK In an international context, fairness is particularly important, since only a system which is perceived by its participants as fair can command acceptance and compliance. The main focus of this study is to investigate the development of the notion of fairness in US trade policy and law as well as the impact this notion has on international trade discussions and rule-making, and especially on the formation of the multilateral trade regime. The contention of the author, Americo Beviglia Zampetti, is that fairness concerns, which have been present in the US trade policy debates and treaty practice since the Republic s inception, have contributed to shaping these debates and practice over the years, both at home and abroad. These concerns were
This text takes a practical approach to the most important questions of economic and social justice, such as: how big a spread of incomes from rich to poor is consistent with social justice?; should inheritances be abolished?; and what sort of commitment should a rich country make to aid? The author challenges the reader to think creatively about the meaning of justice and how it works towards social and economic fairness within the boundaries of capitalism. The book is designed for students of political economy, ethics, public policy and current affairs.
This book offers a major new analysis of the political economy in Britain over the past 1,000 years. The author demonstrates an impressive and thorough knowledge of law, economics, politics, medicine and social history. The assessment of the privatisation of the public income and its consequences represents an astonishing tour-de-force.On fairness and efficiency:engages in a wide-ranging sweep of history from pre-Norman times to the present;gives a lucid explanation of the complex economic and political history of Britain that has given rise to the present state of Welfare Capitalism;has great contemporary relevance.·[vbTab]The fundamental links between the distributions of health and wealth in society is of concern to the medical profession, public health professionals, welfare economists, political scientists/politicians, moralists and philosophers.
In Marx and Social Justice, George E. McCarthy presents a detailed and comprehensive overview of the ethical, political, and economic foundations of Marx’s theory of social justice in his early and later writings.
