Polymers At Cryogenic Temperatures

Author : Susheel Kalia,Shao-Yun Fu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642353352

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Polymers at Cryogenic Temperatures by Susheel Kalia,Shao-Yun Fu Pdf

Kalia and Fu's novel monograph covers cryogenic treatment, properties and applications of cryo-treated polymer materials. Written by numerous international experts, the twelve chapters in this book offer the reader a comprehensive picture of the latest findings and developments, as well as an outlook on the field. Cryogenic technology has seen remarkable progress in the past few years and especially cryogenic properties of polymers are attracting attention through new breakthroughs in space, superconducting, magnetic and electronic techniques. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, educators, engineers and graduate students in the field and at technical institutions.

Author : Gunther Hartwig
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2013-04-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781475762136

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Polymer Properties at Room and Cryogenic Temperatures by Gunther Hartwig Pdf

Most descriptions of polymers start at room temperature and end at the melting point. This textbook starts at very low temperatures and ends at room temperature. At low temperatures, may processes and relaxations are frozen which allows singular processes or separate relaxations to be studied. At room temperatures, or at the main glass transitions, many processes overlap and the properties are determined by relaxations. At low temperatures, there are temperature ranges with negligible influences by glass transitions. They can be used for investigating so-called basic properties which arise from principles of solid state physics. The chain structure of polymers, however, requires stringent modifications for establishing solid state physics of polymers. Several processes which are specific of polymers, occur only at low temperatures. There are also technological aspects for considering polymers at low temperatures. More and more applications of polymeric materials in low temperature technology appear. Some examples are thermal and electrical insulations, support elements for cryogenic devices, low-loss materials for high frequency equipments. It is hoped that, in addition to the scientific part, a data collection in the appendix may help to apply polymers more intensively in low temperature technology. The author greatly appreciates the contributions by his coworkers of the Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe in measurement and discussion of many data presented in the textbook and its appendix. Fruitful disccussions with the colleagues Prof. H. Baur, Prof. S. Hunklinger, Prof. D. Munz and Prof. R.

Author : Tito T. Serafini,Jack L. Koenig
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1968
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : UCAL:B4144320

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Cryogenic Properties of Polymers by Tito T. Serafini,Jack L. Koenig Pdf

Author : I. Perepechko
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781483158006

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Low-Temperature Properties of Polymers by I. Perepechko Pdf

Low-Temperature Properties of Polymers systematizes the available materials on polymers. This book also describes the main trends in the investigation of interrelated properties of polymers, such as thermal (heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion), acoustical, dielectric, and viscoelastic, which maintain the physical properties of polymers at low temperatures. Comprised of nine chapters, this book first covers heat capacity of polymers at low temperature, and then tackles thermal conductivity of polymers at low temperatures. Chapter 3 discusses thermal expansion of polymers at low temperatures, and Chapter 4 tackles electrical properties of polymers at low temperatures. The fifth chapter covers nuclear magnetic resonance in polymers at low temperature, while the succeeding chapter encompasses dynamic mechanical properties of polymers at low temperatures. Chapter 7 concerns itself with the acoustical properties of polymers at low temperatures, while the succeeding chapter covers viscoelastic parameters of polymers at low temperatures. The closing chapter covers how to determine the thermophysical characteristics of polymers by acoustic measurement at helium temperature. This book will be of great interest to researchers or professionals whose line of work involves the manipulation and understanding of the properties of polymers.

Author : A. F. Clark,Richard Reed,Gunther Hartwig
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461575221

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Nonmetallic Materials and Composites at Low Temperatures by A. F. Clark,Richard Reed,Gunther Hartwig Pdf

Cryogenics is an emerging technology filled with promises. Many cryogenic systems demand the use of nonmetallics and composites for adequate or increased performance. Thermal and electrical insulations, potting for superconducting magnets' mechanical sta bility, and composite structures appear to be some of the most significant applications. Research on nonmetallics at cryogenic temperatures has not progressed to the degree of research on metals. Nor can room temperature research be extrapolated to low tempera tures; most polymers undergo a phase transformation to the glassy state below room temperature. Research by producers, for the most part, has not been prac tical, because, except for LNG applications, the market for large material sales is not imminent. There are, however, many government stimulated developmental programs. Research on nonmetallics thus is dictated by development project needs, which require studies orien ted toward prototype hardware and specific objectives. As a result, research continuity suffers. Under these conditions, periodic topical conferences on this subject are needed. Industry and uni versity studies must be encouraged. Designers and project research material specialists need to exchange experiences and data. Low temperature-oriented research groups, such as the National Bureau of Standards and the Institute for Technical Physics - Karlsruhe, must contribute by assisting with fundamentals, interpreting proj ect data, and contributing to project programs through their materials research.

Author : Helmut Münstedt,Friedrich Rudolf Schwarzl
Publisher : Springer
Page : 564 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2014-11-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642554094

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Deformation and Flow of Polymeric Materials by Helmut Münstedt,Friedrich Rudolf Schwarzl Pdf

This book describes the properties of single polymer molecules and polymeric materials and the methods how to characterize them. Molar masses, molar mass distributions and branching structure are discussed in detail. These properties are decisive for a deeper understanding of structure/properties relationships of polymeric materials. This book therefore describes and discusses them in detail. The mechanical behavior as a function of time and temperature is a key subject of the book. The authors present it on the basis of many original results they have obtained in their long research careers. They present the temperature dependence of mechanical properties of various polymeric materials in a wide temperature range: from cryogenic temperatures to the melt. Besides an extensive data collection on the transitions of various different polymeric materials, they also carefully present the physical explanations of the observed phenomena. Glass transition and melting temperatures are discussed, particularly, with their relevance for applications. A comprehensive part of the book deals with properties of polymers in the molten state and their decisive influence on the processing of the materials. The book presents and discusses viscous and elastic properties in detail as a function of molar mass, polydispersity, and branching. This book addresses students of polymer and materials science, as well as other natural sciences. Besides this educational value, it will also serve as a valuable monograph for everyone dealing with polymers and polymeric materials, from research, over development, to applications.

Author : Noureddine Ramdani
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Science
ISBN : 1522579230

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Nanotechnology in Aerospace and Structural Mechanics by Noureddine Ramdani Pdf

The realms of aerospace and structural mechanics have been revolutionized due to a plethora of technological advances. These two important sectors most notably have been impacted by the advancement of nanotechnology and have introduced potential groundbreaking changes for lightweight, high strength, and improved electronic properties of nanomaterials. Nanotechnology in Aerospace and Structural Mechanics aims to provide a collection of innovative research on the latest development of materials and methods for designing smart and intelligent devices for use in the field of space research and structural mechanics. It provides a thorough study of the fabrication and control of mechanical systems required for the successful application of nanotechnology in aerospace and structural engineering. While highlighting topics including nanomaterial properties, aerospace electronics, and polymer nanocomposites, this book is ideally designed for engineers, researchers, students, and academicians with interests in the fields of civil engineering, mechanical engineering, aerospace engineering, and nanoscience.

Author : I. Perepechko
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:985902050

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Low Temperature Properties of Polymers by I. Perepechko Pdf

Author : Guglielmo Ventura,Mauro Perfetti
Publisher : Springer
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2014-06-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401789691

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Thermal Properties of Solids at Room and Cryogenic Temperatures by Guglielmo Ventura,Mauro Perfetti Pdf

The minimum temperature in the natural universe is 2.7 K. Laboratory refrigerators can reach temperatures in the microkelvin range. Modern industrial refrigerators cool foods at 200 K, whereas space mission payloads must be capable of working at temperatures as low as 20 K. Superconducting magnets used for NMR work at 4.2 K. Hence the properties of materials must be accurately known also at cryogenic temperatures. This book provides a guide for engineers, physicists, chemists, technicians who wish to approach the field of low-temperature material properties. The focus is on the thermal properties and a large spectrum of experimental cases is reported. The book presents updated tables of low-temperature data on materials and a thorough bibliography supplements any further research. Key Features include: ° Detailed technical description of experiments ° Description of the newest cryogenic apparatus ° Offers data on cryogenic properties of the latest new materials ° Current reference review

Author : Serafini,Koenig
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1986-09-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0824716183

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Cryogenic Properties of Polymers by Serafini,Koenig Pdf

Author : L. Volynskii,N. F. Bakeev
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 526 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2016-02-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781498743693

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Surface Phenomena in the Structural and Mechanical Behaviour of Solid Polymers by L. Volynskii,N. F. Bakeev Pdf

Surface Phenomena in the Structural and Mechanical Behaviour of Solid Polymers explores the role of various surface phenomena in the structural and mechanical behaviour of amorphous and semicrystalline polymers. This book: Discusses the development of the interfacial surface in the deformation of polymers Examines the healing of interfacial surfaces in polymers Inspects the structure and properties of polymers in thin films and surface layers Evaluates the mechanism of inelastic deformation in glassy amorphous polymers Investigates strain softening and the phenomena taking place upon deformation of polymers in active liquid media Covers the Rehbinder effect, or the adsorption reduction of the strength of solids Describes the properties of polymers in environmental or solvent crazing Analyses the interaction of the highly developed surface of crazed polymers with diverse low- and high-molecular mass components Addresses the instability and self-organisation of surface layers in polymers and diverse polymer systems Presents theoretical speculations concerning the structurally mechanical behaviour of ‘a rigid coating on a soft substratum’ (RCSS) systems Assesses the stress–strain properties of the thin surface layers of polymers and the nanometric coatings deposited on their surfaces Highlights the efficacy of the approaches developed for RCSS systems for the analysis and description of natural phenomena Details the applied aspects of surface phenomena in the structurally mechanical behaviour of polymers Thus, Surface Phenomena in the Structural and Mechanical Behaviour of Solid Polymers provides a useful framework for the development of new and innovative polymer-based materials.

Author : G.M. Swallowe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401592314

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Mechanical Properties and Testing of Polymers by G.M. Swallowe Pdf

This volume represents a continuation of the Polymer Science and Technology series edited by Dr. D. M. Brewis and Professor D. Briggs. The theme of the series is the production of a number of stand alone volumes on various areas of polymer science and technology. Each volume contains short articles by a variety of expert contributors outlining a particular topic and these articles are extensively cross referenced. References to related topics included in the volume are indicated by bold text in the articles, the bold text being the title of the relevant article. At the end of each article there is a list of bibliographic references where interested readers can obtain further detailed information on the subject of the article. This volume was produced at the invitation of Derek Brewis who asked me to edit a text which concentrated on the mechanical properties of polymers. There are already many excellent books on the mechanical properties of polymers, and a somewhat lesser number of volumes dealing with methods of carrying out mechanical tests on polymers. Some of these books are listed in Appendix 1. In this volume I have attempted to cover basic mechanical properties and test methods as well as the theory of polymer mechanical deformation and hope that the reader will find the approach useful.

Author : T.H.K. Barron,G.K. White
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461546955

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Heat Capacity and Thermal Expansion at Low Temperatures by T.H.K. Barron,G.K. White Pdf

The birth of this monograph is partly due to the persistent efforts of the General Editor, Dr. Klaus Timmerhaus, to persuade the authors that they encapsulate their forty or fifty years of struggle with the thermal properties of materials into a book before they either expired or became totally senile. We recognize his wisdom in wanting a monograph which includes the closely linked properties of heat capacity and thermal expansion, to which we have added a little 'cement' in the form of elastic moduli. There seems to be a dearth of practitioners in these areas, particularly among physics postgraduate students, sometimes temporarily alleviated when a new generation of exciting materials are found, be they heavy fermion compounds, high temperature superconductors, or fullerenes. And yet the needs of the space industry, telecommunications, energy conservation, astronomy, medical imaging, etc. , place demands for more data and understanding of these properties for all classes of materials - metals, polymers, glasses, ceramics, and mixtures thereof. There have been many useful books, including Specific Heats at Low Tempera tures by E. S. Raja Gopal (1966) in this Plenum Cryogenic Monograph Series, but few if any that covered these related topics in one book in a fashion designed to help the cryogenic engineer and cryophysicist. We hope that the introductory chapter will widen the horizons of many without a solid state background but with a general interest in physics and materials.

Author : Walker
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1975-09-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0824717554

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Chemistry & Physics of Carbon by Walker Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive and critical overview of carbon materials in terms of molecular structure, intermolecular relationships, bulk and surface properties, and their behavior in current and emerging applications. It also presents advances in carbon research and development.

Author : A F Clark,R P Reed,Gunther Hartwig
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 460 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1979-02-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1461575230

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Nonmetallic Materials and Composites at Low Temperatures by A F Clark,R P Reed,Gunther Hartwig Pdf