Population Growth Shifting Cultivation And Unsustainable Agricultural Development
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Population Growth, Shifting Cultivation, and Unsustainable Agricultural Development by Andrew Keck,Narendra P. Sharma,Gershon Feder Pdf
World Bank Discussion Paper 234. This study of a microregion of Madagascar illustrates the important relationships between population growth, unsustainable agriculture, and natural resource decline. It shows how agricultural development has been ha
The Conditions of Agricultural Growth by Ester Boserup Pdf
This book sets out to investigate the process of agrarian change from new angles and with new results. It starts on firm ground rather than from abstract economic theory. Upon its initial appearance, it was heralded as "a small masterpiece, which economic historians should read--and not simply quote"--Giovanni Frederico, Economic History Services. The Conditions of Agricultural Growth remains a breakthrough in the theory of agricultural development. In linking ethnography with economy, developmental studies reached new heights. Whereas "development" had been seen previously as the transformation of traditional communities by the introduction (or imposition) of new technologies, Ester Boserup argues that changes and improvements occur from within agricultural communities, and that improvements are governed not simply by external interference, but by those communities themselves Using extensive analyses of the costs and productivity of the main systems of traditional agriculture, Ester Boserup concludes that technical, economic, and social changes are unlikely to take place unless the community concerned is exposed to the pressure of population growth.
Shifting Cultivation Policies by Malcolm Cairns Pdf
Shifting cultivation supports around 200 million people in the Asia-Pacific region alone. It is often regarded as a primitive and inefficient form of agriculture that destroys forests, causes soil erosion and robs lowland areas of water. These misconceptions and their policy implications need to be challenged. Swidden farming could support carbon sequestration and conservation of land, biodiversity and cultural heritage. This comprehensive analysis of past and present policy highlights successes and failures and emphasizes the importance of getting it right for the future. This book is enhanced with supplementary resources. The addendum chapters can be found at: www.cabi.org/openresources/91797
Making Haste Slowly by Herman Savenije,Abraham Huijsman Pdf
This book looks at environmental management specifically in relation to small-scale agriculture, as carried out by resource-poor farmers in marginal areas. The authors question whether immediate, and thus imposed, solutions can achieve sustainable results, or that it is better to take action building on traditional structures and concepts with support of the population. Several case studies are included
Beyond Market Liberalization: Welfare, Income Generation and Environmental Sustainability in Rural Madagascar by Bart Minten,Manfred Zeller Pdf
This title was first published in 2000: Most African countries experienced dramatic agricultural market reforms over the 1990s. This has resulted in significant changes in the operation of the agricultural markets and, consequently, in income generation and welfare of rural households. In the case of Madagascar, the results suggest that market reforms and corresponding adjustments in rural markets have had an average positive effect on food security for the rural households. However, richer households seemed to have benefited more than the poorer households. This text provides a study of the market reforms, focusing particularly in the changes brought to welfare, income and environmental sustainability in rural areas. The study aims to be of particular interest to economists and those involved in development and environmental issues.
National Research Council,Board on Science and Technology for International Development,Board on Agriculture,Committee on Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment in the Humid Tropics
Author : National Research Council,Board on Science and Technology for International Development,Board on Agriculture,Committee on Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment in the Humid Tropics Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 721 pages File Size : 51,5 Mb Release : 1993-02-01 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9780309047494
Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment in the Humid Tropics by National Research Council,Board on Science and Technology for International Development,Board on Agriculture,Committee on Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment in the Humid Tropics Pdf
Rainforests are rapidly being cleared in the humid tropics to keep pace with food demands, economic needs, and population growth. Without proper management, these forests and other natural resources will be seriously depleted within the next 50 years. Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment in the Humid Tropics provides critically needed direction for developing strategies that both mitigate land degradation, deforestation, and biological resource losses and help the economic status of tropical countries through promotion of sustainable agricultural practices. The book includes: A practical discussion of 12 major land use options for boosting food production and enhancing local economies while protecting the natural resource base. Recommendations for developing technologies needed for sustainable agriculture. A strategy for changing policies that discourage conserving and managing natural resources and biodiversity. Detailed reports on agriculture and deforestation in seven tropical countries.
Shifting Cultivation and Environmental Change by Malcolm F. Cairns Pdf
Shifting cultivation is one of the oldest forms of subsistence agriculture and is still practised by millions of poor people in the tropics. Typically it involves clearing land (often forest) for the growing of crops for a few years, and then moving on to new sites, leaving the earlier ground fallow to regain its soil fertility. This book brings together the best of science and farmer experimentation, vividly illustrating the enormous diversity of shifting cultivation systems as well as the power of human ingenuity. Some critics have tended to disparage shifting cultivation (sometimes called 'swidden cultivation' or 'slash-and-burn agriculture') as unsustainable due to its supposed role in deforestation and land degradation. However, the book shows that such indigenous practices, as they have evolved over time, can be highly adaptive to land and ecology. In contrast, 'scientific' agricultural solutions imposed from outside can be far more damaging to the environment and local communities. The book focuses on successful agricultural strategies of upland farmers, particularly in south and south-east Asia, and presents over 50 contributions by scholars from around the world and from various disciplines, including agricultural economics, ecology and anthropology. It is a sequel to the much praised "Voices from the Forest: Integrating Indigenous Knowledge into Sustainable Upland Farming" (RFF Press, 2007), but all chapters are completely new and there is a greater emphasis on the contemporary challenges of climate change and biodiversity conservation.
Author : Kevin M. Cleaver Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 80 pages File Size : 55,6 Mb Release : 1997-01-01 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 082133977X
Public and Private Agricultural Extension by Dina Umali-Deininger,Lisa A. Schwartz Pdf
World Bank Discussion Paper 236. Agricultural support services play an important role in increasing agricultural productivity. Given the importance of agriculture to developing countries, governments have taken the lead in providing such services.
State, Community, and Local Development in Nigeria by Paul Francis,James Adewuyi Akinwumi Pdf
Environmentally Sustainable Development Proceedings Series No. 10. Presents the proceedings of the World Bank's Third Annual Conference on Environmentally Sustainable Development, held in October 1995. The conference included roundtable discussions, a variety of speakers, and associated conferences and events co-sponsored by nongovernmental organizations and other institutions.
Evolution of Agricultural Services in Sub-Saharan Africa by Venkatachalam Venkatesan,Jacob Kampen Pdf
This paper traces the evolution of World Bank support to agricultural services, particularly agricultural extension and research in Sub-Saharan Africa. It describes the Bank's experience with the implementation of national programs in agricultural extension and research and how these are evolving to face the problems of the future. The paper concludes that participation of the beneficiaries in the design and implementation of programs is critical and will ensure the programs' convergence towards rural development.