Positivity Bias

Author : Rabbi Mendel Kalmenson
Publisher : Ezra Press
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2019-06-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0826690084

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Positivity Bias by Rabbi Mendel Kalmenson Pdf

Through a mix of nature, nurture, social conditioning and free will, we each possess a personalized lens that frames, forms, clouds and distorts the way we see ourselves and the world around us. In order to live in the most meaningful and effective way possible, each of us needs to continually assess and adjust the default frames we have developed.In Positivity Bias, we learn that life is essentially good; that positive perception is applicable and accessible to all; that it derives from objective, rational insight, not subjective, wishful imagination, and that positive living is a matter of choice, not circumstance.An inspiring and life-enriching tapestry woven from hundreds of stories, letter, anecdotes, and vignettes - Positivity Bias highlights how the Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson, of righteous memory, considered the most influential rabbi in modern history, taught us to see ourselves, others, and the world around us.

Author : Tali Sharot
Publisher : Vintage
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2011-06-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780307379832

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The Optimism Bias by Tali Sharot Pdf

Psychologists have long been aware that most people maintain an irrationally positive outlook on life—but why? Turns out, we might be hardwired that way. In this absorbing exploration, Tali Sharot—one of the most innovative neuroscientists at work today—demonstrates that optimism may be crucial to human existence. The Optimism Bias explores how the brain generates hope and what happens when it fails; how the brains of optimists and pessimists differ; why we are terrible at predicting what will make us happy; how emotions strengthen our ability to recollect; how anticipation and dread affect us; how our optimistic illusions affect our financial, professional, and emotional decisions; and more. Drawing on cutting-edge science, The Optimism Bias provides us with startling new insight into the workings of the brain and the major role that optimism plays in determining how we live our lives.

Author : Alex C. Michalos
Publisher : Springer
Page : 7347 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2014-02-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9400707525

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Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research by Alex C. Michalos Pdf

The aim of this encyclopedia is to provide a comprehensive reference work on scientific and other scholarly research on the quality of life, including health-related quality of life research or also called patient-reported outcomes research. Since the 1960s two overlapping but fairly distinct research communities and traditions have developed concerning ideas about the quality of life, individually and collectively, one with a fairly narrow focus on health-related issues and one with a quite broad focus. In many ways, the central issues of these fields have roots extending to the observations and speculations of ancient philosophers, creating a continuous exploration by diverse explorers in diverse historic and cultural circumstances over several centuries of the qualities of human existence. What we have not had so far is a single, multidimensional reference work connecting the most salient and important contributions to the relevant fields. Entries are organized alphabetically and cover basic concepts, relatively well established facts, lawlike and causal relations, theories, methods, standardized tests, biographic entries on significant figures, organizational profiles, indicators and indexes of qualities of individuals and of communities of diverse sizes, including rural areas, towns, cities, counties, provinces, states, regions, countries and groups of countries.

Author : Mendel Kalmenson
Publisher : Jewish Educational Media
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-30
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781932349009

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Seeds of Wisdom by Mendel Kalmenson Pdf

Culled From JEM's acclaimed My Encounter with the Rebbe interviews, Seeds of Wisdom is a heartwarming collection of short stories and encounters between the Lubavitcher Rebbe and people who sought his counsel on a wide array of life's questions and challenges. Contained within these exchanges are profound life-lessons in relationships, parenting, leadership, faith, and personal well-being. This little book of wisdom has the power to enrich your life and help effect personal growth and meaningful living. "In Seeds of Wisdom Rabbi Mendel Kalmenson has assembled a wonderful series of stories about the Lubavitcher Rebbe, one of the great leaders and holy men of our time. Read it and you will be enthralled. This is true food for the soul." -Chief Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks "I can't recall the last time I was as inspired by a 'Jewish' book as I was by Seeds Of Wisdom. The genius of it lies in its reduction, its distillation of complex ideas into immediate and potent language. Several of the vignettes gave me goose bumps, others brought me to tears. As with my own personal encounters with the Rebbe, I take away a greater sense of mission and purpose." -Peter Himmelman - Award winning musician and artist "Seeds of Wisdom is a valuable resource that makes many important points in a brief, memorable way." -Joseph Teluskin - Lecturer and author of Jewish Literacy and the Book of Jewish Values

Author : Rick Hanson, PhD
Publisher : Harmony
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2016-12-27
Category : Self-Help
ISBN : 9780385347334

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Hardwiring Happiness by Rick Hanson, PhD Pdf

With New York Times bestselling author, Dr. Hanson's four steps, you can counterbalance your brain's negativity bias and learn to hardwire happiness in only a few minutes each day. Why is it easier to ruminate over hurt feelings than it is to bask in the warmth of being appreciated? Because your brain evolved to learn quickly from bad experiences and slowly from good ones, but you can change this. Life isn’t easy, and having a brain wired to take in the bad and ignore the good makes us worried, irritated, and stressed, instead of confident, secure, and happy. But each day is filled with opportunities to build inner strengths and Dr. Rick Hanson, an acclaimed clinical psychologist, shows what you can do to override the brain’s default pessimism. Hardwiring Happiness lays out a simple method that uses the hidden power of everyday experiences to build new neural structures full of happiness, love, confidence, and peace. You’ll learn to see through the lies your brain tells you. Dr. Hanson’s four steps build strengths into your brain to make contentment and a powerful sense of resilience the new normal. In just minutes a day, you can transform your brain into a refuge and power center of calm and happiness.

Author : Rhonda Byrne
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2011-07-07
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
ISBN : 9780731815296

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The Secret by Rhonda Byrne Pdf

The tenth-anniversary edition of the book that changed lives in profound ways, now with a new foreword and afterword. In 2006, a groundbreaking feature-length film revealed the great mystery of the universe—The Secret—and, later that year, Rhonda Byrne followed with a book that became a worldwide bestseller. Fragments of a Great Secret have been found in the oral traditions, in literature, in religions and philosophies throughout the centuries. For the first time, all the pieces of The Secret come together in an incredible revelation that will be life-transforming for all who experience it. In this book, you’ll learn how to use The Secret in every aspect of your life—money, health, relationships, happiness, and in every interaction you have in the world. You’ll begin to understand the hidden, untapped power that’s within you, and this revelation can bring joy to every aspect of your life. The Secret contains wisdom from modern-day teachers—men and women who have used it to achieve health, wealth, and happiness. By applying the knowledge of The Secret, they bring to light compelling stories of eradicating disease, acquiring massive wealth, overcoming obstacles, and achieving what many would regard as impossible.

Author : John Tierney,Roy F. Baumeister
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-31
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781101616468

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The Power of Bad by John Tierney,Roy F. Baumeister Pdf

"The most important book at the borderland of psychology and politics that I have ever read."—Martin E. P. Seligman, Zellerbach Family Professor of Psychology at that University of Pennsylvania and author of Learned Optimism Why are we devastated by a word of criticism even when it’s mixed with lavish praise? Because our brains are wired to focus on the bad. This negativity effect explains things great and small: why countries blunder into disastrous wars, why couples divorce, why people flub job interviews, how schools fail students, why football coaches stupidly punt on fourth down. All day long, the power of bad governs people’s moods, drives marketing campaigns, and dominates news and politics. Eminent social scientist Roy F. Baumeister stumbled unexpectedly upon this fundamental aspect of human nature. To find out why financial losses mattered more to people than financial gains, Baumeister looked for situations in which good events made a bigger impact than bad ones. But his team couldn’t find any. Their research showed that bad is relentlessly stronger than good, and their paper has become one of the most-cited in the scientific literature. Our brain’s negativity bias makes evolutionary sense because it kept our ancestors alert to fatal dangers, but it distorts our perspective in today’s media environment. The steady barrage of bad news and crisismongering makes us feel helpless and leaves us needlessly fearful and angry. We ignore our many blessings, preferring to heed—and vote for—the voices telling us the world is going to hell. But once we recognize our negativity bias, the rational brain can overcome the power of bad when it’s harmful and employ that power when it’s beneficial. In fact, bad breaks and bad feelings create the most powerful incentives to become smarter and stronger. Properly understood, bad can be put to perfectly good use. As noted science journalist John Tierney and Baumeister show in this wide-ranging book, we can adopt proven strategies to avoid the pitfalls that doom relationships, careers, businesses, and nations. Instead of despairing at what’s wrong in your life and in the world, you can see how much is going right—and how to make it still better.

Author : Tatjana Aue,Hadas Okon-Singer
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128166611

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Cognitive Biases in Health and Psychiatric Disorders by Tatjana Aue,Hadas Okon-Singer Pdf

Cognitive Biases in Health and Psychiatric Disorders: Neurophysiological Foundations focuses on the neurophysiological basis of biases in attention, interpretation, expectancy and memory. Each chapter includes a review of each specific bias, including both positive and negative information in both healthy individuals and psychiatric populations. This book provides readers with major theories, methods used in investigating biases, brain regions associated with the related bias, and autonomic responses to specific biases. Its end goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of the neural, autonomic and cognitive mechanisms related to processing biases. Outlines neurophysiological research on diverse types of information processing bias, including attention bias, expectancy bias, interpretation bias, and memory bias Discusses both normal and pathological forms of each cognitive biases Provides specific examples on how to translate research on cognitive biases to clinical applications

Author : Margaret W. Matlin,David J. Stang
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : UOM:39015012420496

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The Pollyanna Principle by Margaret W. Matlin,David J. Stang Pdf

Author : Tali Sharot
Publisher : Macmillan + ORM
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-19
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781627792660

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The Influential Mind by Tali Sharot Pdf

A cutting-edge, research-based inquiry into how we influence those around us and how understanding the brain can help us change minds for the better. In The Influential Mind, neuroscientist Tali Sharot takes us on a thrilling exploration of the nature of influence. We all have a duty to affect others—from the classroom to the boardroom to social media. But how skilled are we at this role, and can we become better? It turns out that many of our instincts—from relying on facts and figures to shape opinions, to insisting others are wrong or attempting to exert control—are ineffective, because they are incompatible with how people’s minds operate. Sharot shows us how to avoid these pitfalls, and how an attempt to change beliefs and actions is successful when it is well-matched with the core elements that govern the human brain. Sharot reveals the critical role of emotion in influence, the weakness of data and the power of curiosity. Relying on the latest research in neuroscience, behavioral economics and psychology, the book provides fascinating insight into the complex power of influence, good and bad.

Author : Loris Vezzali,Sofia Stathi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2016-12-08
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317295235

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Intergroup Contact Theory by Loris Vezzali,Sofia Stathi Pdf

Intergroup contact theory has been one of the most influential theories in social psychology since it was first formulated by Gordon Allport in 1954. This volume highlights, via a critical lens, the most notable recent developments in the field, demonstrating its vitality and its capacity for reinvention and integration with a variety of seemingly distinct research areas. In the last two decades, the research focus has been on the variables that explain why contact improves intergroup attitudes and when the contact-prejudice relationship is stronger. Current research highlights that contact is not a panacea for prejudice, but it can represent a useful tool that can contribute to the improvement of intergroup relations. The book includes coverage of a number of previously under-researched fields, which extend the full potential of contact theory within the personality, acculturation and developmental domains. The chapters also examine the methodological advances in the field and the applied implications. The book offers a rich picture of the state of the field and future directions for research that will be invaluable to students and scholars working in social psychology and related disciplines. It aims to provide fertile ground for the development of new, exciting and dynamic research ideas in intergroup relations.

Author : David L. Hamilton
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-08-11
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317362067

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Cognitive Processes in Stereotyping and Intergroup Behavior by David L. Hamilton Pdf

Originally published in 1981, this volume brings together contributions by several of the authors whose research had contributed significantly to the recent advances in our understanding of the role of cognitive processes in stereotyping and intergroup behaviour at the time. While each chapter reflects a cognitive approach to its subject matter, a broad range of topics, issues, and contexts is addressed by this collection of authors. In the introductory chapter the authors present an historical overview of psychological research on stereotyping, discussing historical trends in this literature and summarizing the conceptual orientations which had guided research in this area at the time. This chapter not only provides useful background information for the reader but also presents a broader context within which the current cognitively oriented research, on which the remaining chapters focus, can be viewed. Each of the next six chapters reports on integrative program of studies bearing on some aspect of the relationship of cognitive functioning to stereotyping and/or intergroup behaviour.

Author : James L. Gibson,Gregory A. Caldeira
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2009-05-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781400830602

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Citizens, Courts, and Confirmations by James L. Gibson,Gregory A. Caldeira Pdf

In recent years the American public has witnessed several hard-fought battles over nominees to the U.S. Supreme Court. In these heated confirmation fights, candidates' legal and political philosophies have been subject to intense scrutiny and debate. Citizens, Courts, and Confirmations examines one such fight--over the nomination of Samuel Alito--to discover how and why people formed opinions about the nominee, and to determine how the confirmation process shaped perceptions of the Supreme Court's legitimacy. Drawing on a nationally representative survey, James Gibson and Gregory Caldeira use the Alito confirmation fight as a window into public attitudes about the nation's highest court. They find that Americans know far more about the Supreme Court than many realize, that the Court enjoys a great deal of legitimacy among the American people, that attitudes toward the Court as an institution generally do not suffer from partisan or ideological polarization, and that public knowledge enhances the legitimacy accorded the Court. Yet the authors demonstrate that partisan and ideological infighting that treats the Court as just another political institution undermines the considerable public support the institution currently enjoys, and that politicized confirmation battles pose a grave threat to the basic legitimacy of the Supreme Court.

Author : Mark D. Alicke,Constantine Sedikides
Publisher : Guilford Press
Page : 545 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781609180027

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Handbook of Self-enhancement and Self-protection by Mark D. Alicke,Constantine Sedikides Pdf

This is the first major volume dedicated to the processes by which people exaggerate their virtues, deemphasize their shortcomings, or protect themselves against threatening feedback. Leading investigators present cutting-edge work on the key role of self-enhancing and self-protective motives in social perception, cognition, judgment, and behavior. Compelling topics include the psychological benefits and risks of self-enhancement and self-protection; personality traits and contextual factors that make certain individuals more likely to hold distorted views of the self; innovative approaches to assessment and measurement; and implications for relationships, achievement, and mental health.

Author : Martin E. P. Seligman
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2002-08-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780743222976

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Authentic Happiness by Martin E. P. Seligman Pdf

Argues that happiness can be a learned and cultivated behavior, explaining how every person possesses at least five of twenty-four profiled strengths that can be built on in order to improve life.