Poverty And Child Health

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Building an Agenda to Reduce the Number of Children in Poverty by Half in 10 Years
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 619 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2019-09-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309483988

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A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Building an Agenda to Reduce the Number of Children in Poverty by Half in 10 Years Pdf

The strengths and abilities children develop from infancy through adolescence are crucial for their physical, emotional, and cognitive growth, which in turn help them to achieve success in school and to become responsible, economically self-sufficient, and healthy adults. Capable, responsible, and healthy adults are clearly the foundation of a well-functioning and prosperous society, yet America's future is not as secure as it could be because millions of American children live in families with incomes below the poverty line. A wealth of evidence suggests that a lack of adequate economic resources for families with children compromises these children's ability to grow and achieve adult success, hurting them and the broader society. A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty reviews the research on linkages between child poverty and child well-being, and analyzes the poverty-reducing effects of major assistance programs directed at children and families. This report also provides policy and program recommendations for reducing the number of children living in poverty in the United States by half within 10 years.

Author : Valerie Maholmes, Ph.D., CAS Ph.D.,Rosalind B. King, Ph.D.
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2012-04-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780199772964

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The Oxford Handbook of Poverty and Child Development by Valerie Maholmes, Ph.D., CAS Ph.D.,Rosalind B. King, Ph.D. Pdf

Over 15 million children live in families subsisting below the federal poverty level, and there are nearly 4 million more children living in poverty today than in the turn of the 21st century. When compared to their more affluent counterparts, children living in fragile circumstances-including homeless children, children in foster care, and children living in families affected by chronic physical or mental health problems-are more likely to have low academic achievement, to drop out of school, and to have health and behavioral problems. The Oxford Handbook of Poverty and Child Development provides a comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms through which socioeconomic, cultural, familial, and community-level factors impact the early and long-term cognitive, neurobiological, socio-emotional, and physical development of children living in poverty. Leading contributors from various disciplines review basic and applied multidisciplinary research and propose questions and answers regarding the short and long-term impact of poverty, contexts and policies on child developmental trajectories. In addition, the book features analyses involving diverse children of all ages, particularly those from understudied groups (e.g. Pacific Islanders, Native Americans, immigrants) and those from understudied geographic areas (e.g., the rural U.S; international humanitarian settings). Each of the 7 sections begins with an overview of basic biological and behavioral research on child development and poverty, followed by applied analyses of contemporary issues that are currently at the heart of public debates on child health and well-being, and concluded with suggestions for policy reform. Through collaborative, interdisciplinary research, this book identifies the most pressing scientific issues involving poverty and child development, and offers new ideas and research questions that could lead us to develop a new science of research that is multidisciplinary, longitudinal, and that embraces an ecological approach to the study of child development.

Author : Nick Spencer
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2018-04-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781315348070

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Poverty and Child Health by Nick Spencer Pdf

The power of purchasers exposes the weaknesses of conventional thinking on the costs and benefits of priorities. Health policy analysts now have to develop rational criteria to support decisions in a process which may be inherently intuitive. This authoritative and practical text points the way towards clear choices in resource allocation and the implications of these choices on expenditure diverted among different health care programmes.

Author : National Research Council and Institute of Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1998-06-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309060851

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New Findings on Poverty and Child Health and Nutrition by National Research Council and Institute of Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families Pdf

Author : Aletha C. Huston
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0521477565

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Children in Poverty by Aletha C. Huston Pdf

The number of children living in poverty in the United States increased dramatically during the 1980s and remains high. Why are so many children growing up in poor families? What are the effects of poverty on children's physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development? What role can public policy and policy research play in preventing or alleviating the damaging effects of poverty on children? Children in Poverty examines these questions, focusing on the child rather than on parents' income or self-sufficiency.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee to Evaluate the Supplemental Security Income Disability Program for Children with Mental Disorders
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2015-10-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309376884

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Mental Disorders and Disabilities Among Low-Income Children by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee to Evaluate the Supplemental Security Income Disability Program for Children with Mental Disorders Pdf

Children living in poverty are more likely to have mental health problems, and their conditions are more likely to be severe. Of the approximately 1.3 million children who were recipients of Supplemental Security Income (SSI) disability benefits in 2013, about 50% were disabled primarily due to a mental disorder. An increase in the number of children who are recipients of SSI benefits due to mental disorders has been observed through several decades of the program beginning in 1985 and continuing through 2010. Nevertheless, less than 1% of children in the United States are recipients of SSI disability benefits for a mental disorder. At the request of the Social Security Administration, Mental Disorders and Disability Among Low-Income Children compares national trends in the number of children with mental disorders with the trends in the number of children receiving benefits from the SSI program, and describes the possible factors that may contribute to any differences between the two groups. This report provides an overview of the current status of the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, and the levels of impairment in the U.S. population under age 18. The report focuses on 6 mental disorders, chosen due to their prevalence and the severity of disability attributed to those disorders within the SSI disability program: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, learning disabilities, and mood disorders. While this report is not a comprehensive discussion of these disorders, Mental Disorders and Disability Among Low-Income Children provides the best currently available information regarding demographics, diagnosis, treatment, and expectations for the disorder time course - both the natural course and under treatment.

Author : Alice A. Kuo,Ryan J. Coller,Sarah Stewart-Brown,Mitch Blair
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2015-10-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199309382

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Child Health by Alice A. Kuo,Ryan J. Coller,Sarah Stewart-Brown,Mitch Blair Pdf

Children in the U.S. are not faring well. Despite major advances in public health, hygiene, and treatment for acute infections, child health outcomes in the U.S. are among the bottom for developed countries. As we enter the third decade of a child obesity epidemic, children born in the last ten years are now likely to have a shorter lifespan than their parents. Coupled with an epidemic of childhood mental health issues -- many of them unaddressed due to stigma or lack of recognition -- plus the impacts of gun violence, poverty, and youth incarceration contribute to an overall culture that fails to prioritize the health and welfare of our youngest members of society. Child Health: A Population Perspective examines both the history of child health and the three dynamics that most define it: the principles and dynamics between children, families, and communities; social determinants of health; and life course health development. With both theoretical grounding and illustrative case studies, this book provides a core framework for students in maternal and child health to better understand the issues facing children today -- and how to serve them best.

Author : Clare Blackburn
Publisher : Falmer Press
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Medical
ISBN : IND:30000022649291

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Poverty and Health by Clare Blackburn Pdf

A growing body of research has pointed to the way poverty affects the health of those who experience it. This book brings together a range of material on this subject and examines the relationship between poverty and health, in particular the health of families with young children.

Author : Samuel L. Odom,Elizabeth P. Pungello,Nicole Gardner-Neblett
Publisher : Guilford Press
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-08-21
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781462504978

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Infants, Toddlers, and Families in Poverty by Samuel L. Odom,Elizabeth P. Pungello,Nicole Gardner-Neblett Pdf

Identifying factors related to poverty that affect infants, toddlers, and their families, this book describes promising early child care and intervention practices specifically tailored to these children and families' needs. Leading authorities from multiple disciplines present cutting-edge research and discuss the implications for practice and policy. Contributors review salient findings on attention, memory, language, self-regulation, attachment, physical health, family processes, and culture. The book considers the strengths and limitations of existing early intervention services for diverse populations and explores workable ways to improve them.

Author : Jones, Nicola A.,Sumner, Andy
Publisher : Policy Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2011-02-23
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781847424471

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Child poverty, evidence and policy by Jones, Nicola A.,Sumner, Andy Pdf

Available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. This book is about the opportunities and challenges involved in mainstreaming knowledge about children in international development policy and practice. It focuses on the ideas, networks and institutions that shape the development of evidence about child poverty and wellbeing, and the use of such evidence in development policy debates. It also pays particular attention to the importance of power relations in influencing the extent to which children's voices are heard and acted upon by international development actors. The book weaves together theory, mixed method approaches and case studies spanning a number of policy sectors and diverse developing country contexts in Africa, Asia and Latin America. It therefore provides a useful introduction for students and development professionals who are new to debates on children, knowledge and development, whilst at the same time offering scholars in the field new methodological and empirical insights.

Author : N.J. Spencer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : MEDICAL
ISBN : 1498792367

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Poverty and Child Health by N.J. Spencer Pdf

The relationship between poverty and child health has always been assumed but this book demonstrates how the evidence of history and of other societies establishes a causal link. The practical implications in health and social policy are presented in the context of child care services, together with some innovative approaches to future development.

Author : Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Evaluation of Children's Health
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2004-10-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309166607

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Children's Health, the Nation's Wealth by Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Evaluation of Children's Health Pdf

Children's health has clearly improved over the past several decades. Significant and positive gains have been made in lowering rates of infant mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases and accidental causes, improved access to health care, and reduction in the effects of environmental contaminants such as lead. Yet major questions still remain about how to assess the status of children's health, what factors should be monitored, and the appropriate measurement tools that should be used. Children's Health, the Nation's Wealth: Assessing and Improving Child Health provides a detailed examination of the information about children's health that is needed to help policy makers and program providers at the federal, state, and local levels. In order to improve children's health-and, thus, the health of future generations-it is critical to have data that can be used to assess both current conditions and possible future threats to children's health. This compelling book describes what is known about the health of children and what is needed to expand the knowledge. By strategically improving the health of children, we ensure healthier future generations to come.

Author : John Cockburn,Jane Kabubo-Mariara
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2010-08-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781441962751

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Child Welfare in Developing Countries by John Cockburn,Jane Kabubo-Mariara Pdf

to establish impact, attributing observed changes in welfare to the intervention, while identifying key factors of success. Impact evaluations are aimed at providing feedback to help improve the design of programs and policies. They also provide greater accountability and a tool for dynamic learning, allowing policymakers to improve ongoing programs and ultimately better allocate funds across programs. Such a causal analysis is essential for understanding the relative role of alternative interventions in reducing poverty. The papers in this section again adopt a variety of techniques. The rst two impact evaluation studies employ propensity score matching to establish, ex-post, a valid control group to assess the impact on child schooling outcomes among b- e ciaries of various interventions in Kenya and Ethiopia. The third chapter c- ries out an ex-ante evaluation of alternative cash transfer programs on child school attendance in Uruguay. The nal paper further carries out in-depth macro-modeling and micro-regression analysis to simulate the impacts of the food crisis and various policy responses, including food subsidies and cash transfers, on various dimensions of child poverty in Mali. Though using different approaches, the studies are gen- ally in agreement concerning the positive impact of the cash transfer program on child schooling and labor market outcomes. The studies from Kenya and Uruguay both nd that the schooling interventions are progressive.

Author : Suniya S. Luthar
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1999-02-02
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0761905197

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Poverty and Children's Adjustment by Suniya S. Luthar Pdf

Luthar integrates findings of empirical research, conducted over the past three decades, on processes implicated in the adjustment to socioeconomic deprivation.

Author : Greg J. Duncan,Jeanne Brooks-Gunn
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
Page : 673 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1997-06-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781610448260

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Consequences of Growing Up Poor by Greg J. Duncan,Jeanne Brooks-Gunn Pdf

One in five American children now live in families with incomes below the povertyline, and their prospects are not bright. Low income is statistically linked with a variety of poor outcomes for children, from low birth weight and poor nutrition in infancy to increased chances of academic failure, emotional distress, and unwed childbirth in adolescence. To address these problems it is not enough to know that money makes a difference; we need to understand how. Consequences of Growing Up Poor is an extensive and illuminating examination of the paths through which economic deprivation damages children at all stages of their development. In Consequences of Growing Up Poor, developmental psychologists, economists, and sociologists revisit a large body of studies to answer specific questions about how low income puts children at risk intellectually, emotionally, and physically. Many of their investigations demonstrate that although income clearly creates disadvantages, it does so selectively and in a wide variety of ways. Low-income preschoolers exhibit poorer cognitive and verbal skills because they are generally exposed to fewer toys, books, and other stimulating experiences in the home. Poor parents also tend to rely on home-based child care, where the quality and amount of attention children receive is inferior to that of professional facilities. In later years, conflict between economically stressed parents increases anxiety and weakens self-esteem in their teenaged children. Although they share economic hardships, the home lives of poor children are not homogenous. Consequences of Growing Up Poor investigates whether such family conditions as the marital status, education, and involvement of parents mitigate the ill effects of poverty. Consequences of Growing Up Poor also looks at the importance of timing: Does being poor have a different impact on preschoolers, children, and adolescents? When are children most vulnerable to poverty? Some contributors find that poverty in the prenatal or early childhood years appears to be particularly detrimental to cognitive development and physical health. Others offer evidence that lower income has a stronger negative effect during adolescence than in childhood or adulthood. Based on their findings, the editors and contributors to Consequences of Growing Up Poor recommend more sharply focused child welfare policies targeted to specific eras and conditions of poor children's lives. They also weigh the relative need for income supplements, child care subsidies, and home interventions. Consequences of Growing Up Poor describes the extent and causes of hardships for poor children, defines the interaction between income and family, and offers solutions to improve young lives. JEANNE BROOKS-GUNN is Virginia and Leonard Marx Professor of Child Development at Teachers College, Columbia University. She is also director of the Center for Young Children and Families, and co-directs the Adolescent Study Program at Teachers College.