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Practical Guide to Polypropylene by Devesh Tripathi Pdf
Polypropylene is now the third largest consumed plastic material after polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride. This book discusses the advantages and disadvantages of working with polypropylene, offering practical comment on the available types of polypropylene, its mechanical properties and in-service performance, and processing. Comparisons with other common plastics are also provided, which highlight the advantages of this polyolefin.
Practical Guide to Polyethylene by Cornelia Vasile,Mihaela Pascu Pdf
This practical guide begins with general background to the polyethylene family, with price, production and market share information. It describes the basic types of polyethylene including virgin and filled polyethylene, copolymers, block and graft polymers and composites, and reviews the types of additives used in polyethylene. It gives the low down on the properties, including, amongst others, rheological, mechanical, chemical, thermal, and electrical properties. It goes on to describe the processing issues and conditions for the wide range of techniques used for polyethylene, and also considers post-processing and assembly issues. It offers guidance on product design and development issues, including materials selection. It is an indispensable resource for everyone working with this material.
Practical Guide to Injection Moulding by Vannessa Goodship Pdf
This Practical Guide to Injection Moulding is based on course material used by ARBURG in training operators of injection moulding machines. It comes from many years of experience in this field and has been edited by an expert injection moulder at Warwick University. It will be of use to experts looking to fill gaps in their knowledge base and to those new to the industry. The factors involved in injection moulding, from material properties and selection to troubleshooting faults, are all examined in this book. It covers the equipment types in use and machine settings for different types of plastics. Material flow is critical in moulding and there are sections covering rheology and viscosity. High temperature can lead to poor quality mouldings due to material degradation and this is discussed. There are an exceptional number of figures in this text, with many photographs of machinery and mouldings to illustrate key points. There are also numerous tables listing key properties and processing parameters. Flow charts are included in the chapter on troubleshooting to indicate what can be changed to resolve common problems. Injection moulding in the Western World is becoming increasingly competitive as the manufacturing base for many plastics materials has moved to the East. Thus Western manufacturers have moved into more technically difficult products and mouldings to provide more added value and maintain market share. Technology is becoming more critical, together with innovation and quality control. There is a chapter on advanced processing in injection moulding covering multi-material and assisted moulding technologies. This Guide will assist progress in developing good technical skills and appropriate processing techniques for the range of plastics and products in the marketplace.
Practical Guide to Polyvinyl Chloride by Stuart Patrick Pdf
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has been around since the late part of the 19th century, although it was not produced commercially until the 1920s; it is the second largest consumed plastic material after polyethylene. PVC products can be rigid or flexible, opaque or transparent, coloured, and insulating or conducting. There is not just one PVC but a whole family of products tailor-made to suit the needs of each application. PVC is extremely cost effective in comparison to other plastics with a high degree of versatility in end-use and processing possibilities, as the reader will note from this book. It is durable, easily maintained, and can be produced in a large range of colours. As a result PVC finds use in an extensive range of applications in virtually all areas of human activity, including medical equipment, construction applications such as flexible roof membranes, pipes and window profiles, toys, automotive parts and electrical cabling. The PVC industry has also started to tackle some of its end-of-life issues. This practical guide provides comprehensive background on the resins and additives, their properties and processing characteristics, as well as discussion of product design and development issues. There have been, and still are, issues and perceptions over environmental and health acceptance covering vinyl chloride monomer, dioxins, phthalate plasticisers, and lead (and cadmium) based heat stabilisers and these are discussed in depth in this book. This book will be of interest to raw materials suppliers and processors or end-users of PVC, as well as anyone with a general interest in this versatile material: resins and additives properties and testing design issues processing, including post processing and assembly property enhancement sustainable development
Practical Guide to Antimicrobial Active Packaging by Rafael Gavara Pdf
Antimicrobial packaging systems are those that beneficially interact with the food or with the surrounding environment, inhibiting microorganism growth or reducing their counts to improve the quality and extend the shelf-life of industrially produced foods. They have undoubtedly become a fully accepted alternative to the direct addition of preservatives to foods, with excellent future prospects.This book will help develop a working knowledge and understanding of antimicrobial packaging, it includes a description of the antimicrobial agents most commonly used and their mechanisms of action, the manufacturing methods available to fabricate the active system, the critical parameters to make an effective product and the tools to optimise them, and the various in vitro and in vivo methods for measuring the goodness of the antimicrobial system for validation purposes.The reader will develop the ability to understand why a specific agent is selected for a particular food product, or why a specific polymeric material and manufacturing technology are chosen. The reader will also become familiar with the different procedures for improving the activity of the packaging solution that is being developed and ways of testing its efficacy. This will accelerate the formulation of the active packaging concept, reducing development-time with respect to the trial and error processes common in many literature reports. Finally, it will help to identify the best and most cost-effective solutions. This volume is intended to be a practical guide to antimicrobial packaging and a quick reference for students and researchers from both academia and industry.
Introduction to Industrial Polypropylene by Dennis B. Malpass,Elliot Band Pdf
This introductory text is an important resource for new engineers, chemists, students, and chemical industry personnel to understand the technical aspects of polypropylene which is the 2nd largest synthetics polymer in manufactured output. The book considers the following topics: What are the principal types of polypropylene and how do they differ? What catalysts are used to produce polypropylene and how do they function? What is the role of cocatalysts and how have they evolved over the years? How are industrial polypropylene catalysts tested and the resultant polymer evaluated? What processes are used in the manufacture of polypropylene? What are the biopolymer alternatives to polypropylene? What companies are the major industrial manufacturers of polypropylene? What is the environmental fate of polypropylene?
Practical Guide to Rotational Moulding by Roy J Crawford,Mark P Kearns Pdf
Practical Guide to Rotational Moulding, Third Edition, takes a step-by-step approach to rotomoulding, covering applications, moulds, machinery, materials, and design. This third edition has been thoroughly revised to include the latest advances, including novel materials and moulds, new products, and automation. The book begins with a chapter that introduces the rotational moulding process, analyses advantages and disadvantages, and explores common applications for rotomoulded products. The subsequent chapters provide detailed, methodical coverage of moulds, machinery, materials, and design for functionality, supported by clear illustrations and diagrams. Finally, challenges and future developments are discussed. This hands-on technical guide helps engineers, designers and practitioners to understand all aspects of rotomoulding, with the aim of producing performant end products and parts, with uniform wall thickness and potentially in complex shapes. The book is also of great interest to professionals across the plastics industry, as well as researchers and advanced students in plastics engineering, industrial design, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, and materials science and engineering. Provides a strong fundamental understanding of all aspects of the rotational moulding process, from material to finished product Offers a highly practical combination of technical content and clear illustrations Covers the latest developments in rotomoulding, including novel materials and moulds, new products, and automated systems
Thermoplastic Material Selection by Eric R. Larson Pdf
Thermoplastic Material Selection: A Practical Guide presents current information on how proper material selection is a critical component of any manufactured product. The text is a practical guide to a difficult process, giving the reader a fundamental grounding in thermoplastic materials and providing the tools they need to save time, money, and frustration. The book provides an overview of the most commonly used thermoplastic materials, including discussions of the different chemical families, plastics categories, and material grades - and the implications of these differences on the material selection process. It provides fresh insights on the traditional methods of material selection based on performance and cost, and also discusses the use of non-traditional methods based on subjective evaluation. Subsequent sections include references on tools that can be used to conduct further exploration, how to accurately select the most suitable material, writing an effective material specification, and working with material suppliers and distributors. Presents current information on how proper thermoplastics material selection is a critical component of any manufactured product A practical guide to a difficult process, giving the reader a fundamental grounding in thermoplastics material selection and providing the tools they need to save time, money, and frustration Delivers insights on the traditional methods of material selection based on performance and cost, and introduces nontraditional methods based on size, form, appearance, and feel
Handbook of Plastics Joining by Michael J. Troughton Pdf
The new edition of this bestselling reference provides fully updated and detailed descriptions of plastics joining processes, plus an extensive compilation of data on joining specific materials. The volume is divided into two main parts: processes and materials. The processing section has 18 chapters, each explaining a different joining technique. The materials section has joining information for 25 generic polymer families. Both sections contain data organized according to the joining methods used for that material. A significant and extensive update from experts at The Welding Institute A systematic approach to discussing each joining method including: process, advantages and disadvantages, applications, materials, equipment, joint design, and welding parameters Includes international suppliers’ directory and glossary of key joining terms Includes new techniques such as flash free welding and friction stir welding Covers thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, and rubbers.
REACH for the Polymer Industry - A Practical Guide by Polymer REACH Consortium Pdf
This book has been produced by the EU Leonardo Project called Polymer REACH. The overall objective of Polymer REACH was to develop an e-learning platform and training materials for the European polymer industry to learn and understand how to manage their obligations under the European legislation - Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH). This book forms part of the training materials which will complement the industry specific e-learning platform to enable the polymer industry to learn how to manage their obligations under REACH. The overall impact will be an increase in the knowledge base of the polymer industry on REACH, which will in turn help to increase competitiveness and sustainability of the sector. This book will be useful to anyone who works with polymers or the chemicals that are used to make polymers, whether they are end-users or suppliers. REACH is affecting everyone concerned with the polymer industry and this book will help them to prepare for the impact and consequences of the REACH legislation.
Practical Guide to Blow Moulding by N. C. Lee,Norman C. Lee Pdf
Blow moulding is a manufacturing process used to form hollow plastic parts. It evolved from the ancient art of glass blowing and it is used to particular advantage with plastic materials. Celluloid was used first to blow mould baby rattles and novelties in the 1930s, linear low-density polyethylene was used in the 1940s for high production bottles and these days polyethylene terephthalate is used to make anything from soda bottles, to highly sophisticated multilayered containers and automotive fuel tanks in the last decade. When designing a product it is important to consider aspects such as a material's characteristics, the processing methods available, the assembly and finishing procedures, and the life cycle and expected performance of the product. This book presents the basics of blow moulding as well as the latest state-of-the-art and science of the industry. A key feature is the approach of discussing the 'basics' and then taking the reader through the entire process from design development through to final production.
Practical Guide to ICP-MS and Other Atomic Spectroscopy Techniques by Robert Thomas Pdf
Written by one of the very first practitioners of ICP-MS, Practical Guide to ICP-MS and Other Atomic Spectroscopy Techniques: A Tutorial for Beginners presents ICP-MS in a completely novel and refreshing way. By comparing it with other complementary atomic spectroscopy (AS) techniques, it gives the trace element analysis user community a glimpse into why the technique was first developed and how the application landscape has defined its use today, 40 years after it was first commercialized in 1983. What’s new in the 4th edition: Updated chapters on the fundamental principles and applications of ICP-MS New chapters on complementary AS techniques including AA, AF, ICP-OES, MIP-AES, XRF, XRD, LIBS, LALI-TOFMS Strategies for reducing errors and contamination with plasma spectrochemical techniques Comparison of collision and reaction cells including triple/multi quad systems Novel approaches to sample digestion Alternative sample introduction accessories Comprehensive glossary of terms used in AS New vendor contact information The book is not only suited to novices and beginners, but also to more experienced analytical scientists who want to know more about recent ICP-MS developments, and where the technique might be heading in the future. Furthermore, it offers much needed guidance on how best to evaluate commercial AS instrumentation and what might be the best technique, based on your lab’s specific application demands. "I feel honored to have been asked to deliver the Foreword for this book, which is suited not only for beginners, but also for more experienced analytical scientists who want to know the advances in plasma spectrochemistry instrumentation and related future opportunities." -Dr. Heidi Goenaga Infante, LGC Science Fellow; Chief Scientist, National Measurement Laboratory, Visiting Professor, University of Strathclyde, UK.
Written by a field insider with over 20 years experience in product development, application support, and field marketing for an ICP-MS manufacturer, the third edition of Practical Guide to ICP-MS: A Tutorial for Beginners provides an updated reference that was written specifically with the novice in mind. It presents a compelling story about ICP-MS and what it has to offer, showing this powerful ultra trace-element technique in the way it was intended—a practical solution to real-world problems. New to the third edition: New chapter: Emerging ICP-MS Application Areas – covers the three most rapidly growing areas: analysis of flue gas desulfurization wastewaters, fully automated analysis of seawater samples using online chemistry procedures, and characterization of engineered nanoparticles Discussion of all the new technology commercialized since the second edition. An updated glossary of terms with more than 100 new entries Examination of nonstandard sampling accessories, which are important for enhancing the practical capabilities of ICP-MS Insight into additional applications in the environmental, clinical/biomedical, and food chemistry fields as well as new directives from the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) on determining impurities in pharmaceuticals and dietary supplements using Chapters 232, 233 and 2232 Description of the most important analytical factors for selecting an ICP-MS system, taking into consideration more recent application demands This reference describes the principles and application benefits of ICP-MS in a clear manner for laboratory managers, analytical chemists, and technicians who have limited knowledge of the technique. In addition, it offers much-needed guidance on how best to evaluate capabilities and compare with other trace element techniques when looking to purchase commercial ICP-MS instrumentation.
A hands-on guide to choosing and using old and new technologies for joining plastics and elastomers. Includes detailed discussions of over 25 techniques used to join plastics to themselves and to other materials. Advantages and disadvantages of each technique along with detailed discussions of applications are presented. A second section is organized by material and provides details of using different processes with over 50 generic families of plastics and how different techniques and operating parameters affect weld strength and other criteria. This book is an excellent reference and an invaluable resource for novice and expert alike in determining the best joining technique for their application and providing guidance in how to design and prepare for production.
Practical Guide and Spectral Atlas for Interpretive Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, Second Edition by Jerry Workman, Jr.,Lois Weyer Pdf
Interpretive spectroscopy provides a basis for the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships between NIR spectrometer response and the chemical properties of the samples. Without established cause-effect relationships, the measured data has no true predictive significance. This interpretive process is key for achieving an analytical understanding of the measurement. In the expanded second edition of Practical Guide and Spectral Atlas for Interpretive Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, the authors include new research, editorials, supplements, and molecular structural formulas, along with updated references and information on NIR spectra. The thoroughly updated and revised second edition offers a full library of color spectra in a larger format to ensure clarity and reader comprehension. Providing a rich set of reference information required to interpret NIR spectra for research and industrial applications, this book: Offers more than 300 figures representing all the major functional groups and their NIR frequency ranges Contains over 120 pages of tables and charts illustrating overlapping spectra Covers NIR spectra for organic compounds, including alkanes, carboxylic acids, amines, dienes, alkynes, heterocyclic compounds, amino acids, and aldehydes Provides comprehensive appendices with spectra-structure correlations, example spectra, and other useful data for interpreting NIR spectra
